必修UnitGrammar学习教程.pptx

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1、Contents RevisionV-pp as the adverbialPracticeHomework第1页/共40页Revision过去分词：过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语等成分。第2页/共40页1.I like reading the novels _(write)by Zhang Ailing.2.There is something wrong with my car and I have to get it _(repair).3.I want the doors of my new house _(pain

2、t)white.4.There was a _(surprise)look on his face.5.He was _(excite)at the good news.6.The story was so _(move)that he was _(move)to tears.writtenrepairedRevision:Filling in the blanks.paintedsurprisedexcitedmovingmoved第3页/共40页过去分词作状语的用法第4页/共40页V-PP as the adverbial过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语修饰谓语动词，可以表示时间、原因、条件

3、、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等，在意义上相当于状语从句。第5页/共40页Find out sentences using V-pp as the adverbial.Worried about the journey,I was unsettled for the first few days.As I was worried about the journey,I was unsettled 3.Hit by the lack of fresh air,my head ached.Because I was hit by the lack of fresh air,my head4.Exhau

4、sted,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.As I was exhausted,I slid into bed and.2.Well-known for their expertise,his parents company,called“Future Tours”,transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.Since his parents company was well-known for第6页/共40页Seen from the top of the hill,the cit

5、y looks like a big garden.Asked many times,he began to feel bored.When it is seen from the top of the hill,the city looksAfter he was asked many times,he began to 可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等来强调过去分词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系。1.表示时间:第7页/共40页Exhausted,the children fell asleep at once.Caught in a heavy ra

6、in,he was wet to the skin.As they were exhausted,the children fellBecause he was caught in a heavy rain,he was 表示原因，相当于由as,since,或because引导的原因状语从句.2.表示原因第8页/共40页3.表示条件Heated,water changes into steam.Given another chance,he will do better.表示条件,相当于if,unless引导的条件状语从句If it is heated,water changesIf he i

7、s given another chance,he will第9页/共40页4.表示让步Laughed at by many people,he continued his study.Badly wounded,he continued to fight.表示让步，相当于although/though引导的让步状语从句Though he was laughed at by many people,he continuedThough he was badly wounded,he continued第10页/共40页5.表示方式或伴随The old man entered the meeti

8、ng room,supported by a young fellow.She was in tears as if deeply moved by the moving film.The film star appeared,surrounded by a group of fans.The old man entered the meeting room and was supported by a young fellow.She was in tears as if she was deeply moved by the moving film.The film star appear

9、ed and was surrounded by a group of fans.过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，相当于一个并列分句，没有相应的从句可替换.第11页/共40页1._(use)in this way,the word shouldnt be taken as a verb.2._(arm)with special guns,knives and brushes,two space walking astronauts practiced fixing the spacecraft.3.Though _(catch)in a traffic jam,we managed to ar

10、rive at the airport.4.Susan is not easy to get along with.But once _(gain),her friendship will last forever.UsedArmedcaughtgained用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。第12页/共40页过去分词作状语需要注意的几个问题第13页/共40页当被问到为什么迟到时，她的脸涨得通红。Asked why she was late,her face went red.Asked why she was late,she went red in the face.小偷如果被抓，会受到警方的

11、惩罚。If caught,the police will punish the thief.If caught,the thief will be punished by the police.1.过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致第14页/共40页 另外,分词作状语时,如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时,需要独立主格结构或 with复合结构来替代。(1)The signal given,the bus started.信号一发出，汽车就开动了。（the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语，因此主句主语 the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语。）(2)She went b

12、y with her head held high.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。（held high 是with 后宾语 her head 的补足语）2.过去分词的独立主格结构第15页/共40页e.g.:Judging by/from his accent,he must be from the south.从他的口音判断，他一定是南方人。I will agree to go provided/providing(that)my expenses are paid.假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。Given good weather,our ship will reach Shanghai

13、this evening.假如天气好，我们的船将于今晚抵达上海。3.某些分词的固定结构不考虑与主语的一致关系 有些分词已成为固定结构，在词性上已转化为介词，使用时应按固定结构对待，不必考虑他们与主语之间的关系。常见的有以下几种：judging by/from 根据判断；由断定provided/providing(that)假如，倘若；在条件下；除非given 倘若；假定第16页/共40页4.“连词过去分词”作状语 过去分词有时可以与连词构成“连词过去分词”结构作状语。实际上就是状语从句的省略现象。这些连词有：when,once,if,unless,though,as if,although,e

14、ven if,even though,than,as 等。1.He will come if invited.=He will come if he is invited.如果受到邀请，他会来。2.When asked about it,he could hardly hold back his feelings.=When he was asked about it,he could hardly hold back his feelings.每当有人问及此事，他就难以控制自己的感情。第17页/共40页1.Dressed in white,the bride looks more beaut

15、iful.穿着一身白色衣服，新娘看起来更漂亮2.Tired of listening to music,she began to watch TV.由于听累了音乐，他开始看电视。3.Absorbed in deep thought,he didnt hear the sound.因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。5.过去分词作状语时不表被动或完成意义的情况 有些过去分词已形容词化，来源于系表结构，作状语时已看不出被动或完成意义。如:(be)lost in(沉湎于);(be)seated(坐);(be)born(出身于);(be)dressed in(穿着)；(be)interested

16、 in(感兴趣)；(be)tired of(厌烦)；(be)worried about(担心)等。第18页/共40页6.过去分词作状语时的位置 过去分词作状语，多放在句首；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开；有时插在句子中间。e.g.:Seen from the hill,the city looks magnificent.从山上看，这座城市非常壮观。They came in,followed by their wives and children.他们进来了，夫人和孩子们紧随其后。Tom,horrified at what he had done,could say nothing.汤

17、姆由于对他做的事感到恐惧，一时说不出话来。第19页/共40页7.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别 1）现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成主动关系。e.g.:Seen from the top of the tower,our city looks more beautiful.2）过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成被动关系。e.g.:Seeing from the top of the tower,we can get a wonderful view of our city.不定式作状语，一般表示目的。e.g.:To get a wonderful vi

18、ew of our city,we climbed to the top of the tower.第20页/共40页1.Following the old man,we went upstairs.(We followed)(跟着那个老人,我们上了楼。)2.Followed by the old man,we went upstairs.(We were followed by)(我们上了楼,后面跟着那个老人。)Compare3._ from the top,the stadium looks like a bird nest.4._ from space,the astronaut can

19、 not discover the Great Wall.A.SeeingB.Seen第21页/共40页Practice第22页/共40页1.Once _,a word becomes a promise.2.Once _,water cannot be taken back again.3._ by the beautiful scenery,I forgot to go back home in time.impress;pour;speakA.覆水难收B.流连忘返C.一言既出,驷马难追spokenpouredImpressedC B A 1.用所给词的适当形式填空，并与A-C的汉语翻译相

20、匹配。第23页/共40页1._(see)from the top of the hill,the city looks beautiful to us.2._(give)time,hell make a first class tennis player.3._(look)out of the window,I found many children playing on the playground.4._(give)more time,Ill finish my work on time.5.Compared with _(develop)countries,we still have a

21、 long way to go.6.The English teacher entered the room,_(follow)by his students.7.The teach buildings _(build)in 1960 need repairing.8.I found my school bag _(leave)in Marys room.SeenGivenLooking 2.用所给词的适当形式填空。Givendevelopedfollowedbuiltleft第24页/共40页3.Rewrite with proper conjunctions.1.United we sta

22、nd,divided we fail.If we are united,we will stand,but if we are divided,we will fail.2.Asked what had happened,he told us about it.When he was asked what had happened,he told us about it.3.Well known for his expert advice,he received many invitations to give lectures.Because he was well known for hi

23、s expert advice,he received many invitations to give lectures.第25页/共40页4.用过去分词作状语来改写句子。As I was worried about the journey,I was unsettled for the first few days._,I was unsettled for the first few days.2.If he is given time,hell make a first-class tennis player._,hell make a first-class tennis playe

24、r.3)As I was confused by the new surroundings,I was hit by the lack of fresh air._,I was hit by the lack of fresh air.Worried about the journeyGiven timeConfused by the new surroundings第26页/共40页1.Since/As she was given advice by the famous detective,the young lady was no longer afraid.5.Change the f

25、ollowing clauses into the V-PP.Given advice by the famous detective,the young lady was no longer afraid.2.Because it was done in a hurry,his homework was full of mistakes.Done in a hurry,his homework was full of mistakes.第27页/共40页3.When it is heated,ice will be changed into water.When heated,ice wil

26、l be changed into water.4.When it is seen under a microscope,a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.Seen under a microscope,a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.第28页/共40页5.If I am compared with you,we still have a long way to go.The hunter left his house,followed by his dog

27、.Compared with you,we still have along way to go.6.The hunter left his house,and he was followed by his dog.第29页/共40页高考链接1.The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.(全国 2002)A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun D2._ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to

28、ones skin.(上海 2002)A.Exposed B.Having exposed C.Being exposed D.After being exposed C第30页/共40页3.Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices.(2002 北京春)A.are bought B.boughtC.been boughtD.buyingB4.When first _ to the market,these products enjoyed great success.(2004 全国卷II

29、)A.introducing B.introduced C.introduce D.being introducedB第31页/共40页5._ around the Water Cube,we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.(陕西 2008)A.Having shown B.To be shownC.Having been shown D.To showC6.When _ help,one often says“Thank you.”or“Its kind of you.”(福建 2005)A.

30、offering B.to offer C.to be offered D.offered D第32页/共40页7._ with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.(四川 2006)A.Faced B.Face C.Facing D.To face A改：_ so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.(四川 2006)A.Faced B.Face C.Facing D.To face C第33页/共40页Homework Do Ex.2&3 on SB

31、,P21Do Ex.1&2 on WB,P57.Review the grammar item.Preview using language.第34页/共40页1.Frightened by the loud noise,I went to see what was happening.2.Hit by the lack of fresh air,he got a bad headache.3.Tired after the long journey,I still enjoyed meeting the aliens on the space station.4.Frightened by

32、the noise outside,Sue dared not sleep in her bedroom.5.Built in 1910,the museum is almost 100years old.6.Given some advice by the famous scientist,the student was not worried about his scientific experiment any more.7.Exhausted by a days work,George took some tablets to help him feel better.8.Very a

33、stonished by the amount of work in the new timetable(given by her boss),Lucy decided to leave her job immediately.Ex.2 on SB P21第35页/共40页Ex.3 on SB P211.Soon we lost sight of that famous astronomer called Li Qiang.2.I am going to buy a painting copied from Vincent Gogh.3.I like that old private hous

34、e built of wood and mud.4.The room connected to the rest of the house by a long passage is completely empty.5.The queen was sitting in a royal carriage drawn by four horses.6.The vehicle mentioned in the book is unknown to me.7.The castle built in 1432 is under repair.第36页/共40页Using structures Ex.1

35、on P571.Well-known for his books about South Africa,J M Coetzee won the Booker Prize.2.A princess once owned a magical chair made of gold and silver.3.On his birthday he received a mysterious present wrapped in gold paper4.Interrupted by the bell,he was unable to finish his speech.5.Awakened by a no

36、ise at midnight,she saw a thief in her room.6.Seated,passengers should fasten your seat belts.第37页/共40页 The alien mumus come from a planet _-Dentol._ by their disappearing habitat,there are only a few hundred mumus left.Each mumu is very intelligent with a big head _at the top.They can talk in a“cli

37、ck”language _only to themselves.With a kind heart,they wander around their planet in a happy dream.Having once_ in love,a mumu will stay with his/her partner for life.When a mumus partner dies,the other will be left _only by his/her sweet memories._of living alone,the survivor often dies soon after.calledendangeredpointedknownfallensupportedTerrified Using structures Ex.2 on P57第38页/共40页Thanks!From:He Jincheng第39页/共40页感谢您的观看！第40页/共40页