2015高考英语二轮专题复习课件第1篇 第2章 语法填空 第2节专题3 词类转换.ppt

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1、第二章语法填空第二章语法填空第二节有提示词的解题技巧第二节有提示词的解题技巧专题三词类转换专题三词类转换一、基础知识一、基础知识1常常用用的的否否定定前前缀缀或或后后缀缀有有un，dis，im，in，il，ir，less等等，通通过过加加否否定定前前缀缀或或后后缀缀可可改改变变词词义义，变变 成成 其其 反反 义义 词词。如如 necessaryunnecessary，legalillegal，politeimpolite，homehomeless等。等。2常常见见的的名名词词后后缀缀有有tion，ence，ism，ist，ment，ship，ty，ure，al等等。如如 inventinve

2、ntion，pleasepleasure，arrivearrival等。等。3常常见见的的形形容容词词后后缀缀有有able，al，ern，ful，ical，ish，less，ive，ous，y等等。如如conditionconditional，reasonreasonable，harmharmful等。等。4常常见见的的副副词词后后缀缀有有ly，ward(s)等等。如如luckyluckily，backbackward等。等。5常常见见的的动动词词后后缀缀有有en，fy，ize，ise等等。如如widewiden，shortshorten，purepurify等。等。6注意形容词变副词时的拼写

3、变化：注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化：(1)以以le结结尾尾的的形形容容词词，变变le为为ly：possiblepossibly，terribleterribly，comfortablecomfortably，gentlegently，simplesimply。(2)以以y结结尾尾的的形形容容词词，变变y为为ily：easyeasily，angryangrily，noisynoisily，happyhappily，heavyheavily，healthyhealthily。(3)本本身身既既是是形形容容词词也也是是副副词词的的词词，无无需需改改变变：fast，early，high，hard，la

4、te，far，wide，alone。(4)本本身身即即为为副副词词，同同时时也也可可加加ly变变成成表表另另一一词词义义的的副副词词，如如：wide(尽尽可可能能，充充分分)widely(广广泛泛地地)，high(高高 地地)highly(高高 度度 地地)，hard(努努 力力 地地，困困 难难 地地)hardly(几乎不几乎不)。(5)容容易易拼拼错错的的词词：excitedly，truly，healthily，politely，widely，nicely，closely。分分析析空空格格所所在在句句子子的的结结构构，明明确确空空格格处处在在句句子子中中作作何何种种成成分分，确确定定需需要

5、要的的词词性性，如如果果所所给给的的单单词词的的词词性性与与需需要要的的词词性不一致，则此处需要作词类转换。性不一致，则此处需要作词类转换。技巧一、作表语、定语或补语技巧一、作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式通常用形容词形式例例“That would be a very_(reason)thing to do in a big city，but it could destroy a small village like ours，”Nick said.二、解题技巧二、解题技巧 词词类类转转换换题题。在在名名词词前前作作定定语语要要用用形形容容词词。reason的形容词形式是的形容词形式是re

6、asonable。解析：解析：答案：答案：reasonable技技巧巧二二、作作主主语语、在在及及物物动动词词或或介介词词后后作作宾宾语语，用用名名词形式词形式例例 1 This time，she gave me a smile with_(satisfy)and gratitude in her eyes.The woman is poor in material life but is so respectable as a man.I am not only moved but also have learned a good lesson.因因 在在 介介 词词 with后后 作作 宾

7、宾 语语 要要 用用 名名 词词，故故 填填satisfaction。解析：解析：答案：答案：satisfaction例例2 In Chinese，“knot”means reunion，friendliness，and_(warm)，love，etc.与与名名词词reunion，friendliness和和love并并列列，一一起作起作means的宾语的宾语，也应是名词也应是名词，故填故填warmth。解析：解析：答案：答案：warmth技技巧巧三三、在在“冠冠词词(形形容容词词)”或或形形容容词词性性物物主主代代词词后后，用名词形式用名词形式例例 On his_(arrive)，he pa

8、rked his bike outside the back door as usual.形形容容词词性性物物主主代代词词后后面面应应填填名名词词，故故填填arrival。需需 要要 注注 意意 的的 是是 此此 空空 不不 能能 填填 arriving，填填arriving后面要有地点状语或时间状语。后面要有地点状语或时间状语。解析：解析：答案：答案：arrival技技巧巧四四、修修饰饰动动词词、形形容容词词或或副副词词作作状状语语，用用副副词词形形式式例例Dudley，which is_(probable)the heart of the Black Country，has a histo

9、ry dating back over l，000 years，and its famous castle has been there since about the 8th century.在在系系动动词词is后后面面修修饰饰谓谓语语部部分分，应应该该用用副副词词形式形式probably。解析：解析：答案：答案：probably 技技巧巧五五、有有时时根根据据句句意意需需要要改改变变所所给给词词的的意意思思，而而不不是是改改变变词词性性，需需要要给给所所给给的的词词加加上上前前缀缀un，im，dis或或后后缀缀 less等等例例 Once a habit is formed，it is d

10、ifficult，and sometimes_(possible)，to get rid of.It is therefore very important that we pay great attention to the formation of habits.和和difficult并并列列一一起起作作表表语语，因因此此仍仍要要填填形形容容词词；由由句句子子逻逻辑辑可可知知，应应为为“有有时时是是不不可可能能的的”，故故填填impossible。解析：解析：答案：答案：impossible技技巧巧六六、当当所所给给词词是是形形容容词词或或副副词词，且且空空格格处处需需要要的的仍仍是是形形

11、容容词词或或副副词词时时，需需考考虑虑形形容容词词或或副副词词级级别别的的变变化化。另外另外，要善于分析语境要善于分析语境，辨别省略了辨别省略了than.的隐性比较级的隐性比较级例例1It might have made it a little_(hard)for everybody because it meant they had to turn around，but that didnt stop the kids in the class.hard作作宾宾补补依依然然是是要要用用形形容容词词，所所以以不不作作词词类类转转换换，可可考考虑虑比比较较级级；句句中中a little修修饰饰比

12、比较较级级harder，表示表示“更难一点更难一点”。解析：解析：答案：答案：harder例例 2I left it early because I had an appointment_(late)that day.句句子子结结构构完完整整，需需要要副副词词作作状状语语，而而late(迟迟，晚晚)本本身身可可作作副副词词，因因此此，不不必必作作词词类类转转换换，可可想想到到用用其其比比较级形式较级形式，填填later。later that day指指“那天晚些时候那天晚些时候”。解析：解析：答案：答案：later(一一)用所给单词的适当形式填空。用所给单词的适当形式填空。1This prov

13、erb is saying we have to let things go in their_(nature)course.2 He failed his maths examination because of his_(care)work.3In Alaska,the wolf almost _(appear)a few years ago,because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport.u即学即练即学即练naturalcarelessdisappeared4The Nanjing Road is the most_(cro

14、wd)street in the city of Shanghai.5The people in the village were _(badly)off than they were five years ago because of war.6_(fortunate),I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes to complete the rest.7Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit _(patience)crowdedworse Un

15、fortunatelyimpatient 8“Thirtyfive cents，”she said_(rude)9I dont know if he placed the poem next to the failing grade to _(soft)the blow,but it worked.10I must know how to care for others and try not to _(understand)them.11You have done well and made great achievement in the _(entertain)field.12These

16、 people have made great _(contribute)to China with their work.rudelysoftenmisunderstandentertainmentcontributions(二二)阅读下列短文，用所给单词的适当形式填空。阅读下列短文，用所给单词的适当形式填空。Children are said to be gifts from God for parents.Therefore，most parents are 1._(thank)for this great gift；they sacrifice for their children w

17、ithout any 2._(hesitate)My friend，Tom，was born with 3._(disable)from birth and can only move in a wheelchair.His parents devote all their love to him although most of their friends and 4._(connect)try to persuade them to give birth to one more child，who may at least ensure their thankfulhesitationdi

18、sabilityconnections 5._(happy)in their later years.Many 6._(difficult)are involved in looking after a disabled child，but Toms parents make every effort to make sure he can live as happy a life as any normal child.It is their devotion and 7._(self)love that makes Tom an active，8._(confidence)boy and

19、one of the 9._(good)students at school.Toms story is one of the moving stories about children and parents.No one can deny(否认否认)that parents happinessdifficultiesselflessconfidentbest are the ones who love us most and deserve our 10._(deep)love.As children，we should always be grateful to their love and be ready to love them in return.deepest