状语从句基础版.ppt

《状语从句基础版.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《状语从句基础版.ppt（45页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、状语从句状语从句=副词从句副词从句重点重点:1）连词）连词(引导词引导词)2）时间状语从句）时间状语从句状状 语语 从从 句句表示时间、地点、原因、目的We sleep at home at night.必须是句子句子；必须有连接词连接词；必须是陈述句陈述句 状语状语时用来修饰时用来修饰 词词，词词，词词或或 的一种句子成分。的一种句子成分。它可以表示它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式让步、比较、方式等。等。当充当状语的部分是一个当充当状语的部分是一个句子句子时时 状语从句状语从句。动动形容形容副副句子句子状语从句分类状语从句可以

2、分为：状语从句可以分为：1-时间时间状语从句、状语从句、2-地点地点状语从句、状语从句、3-原因原因状语从句、状语从句、4-结果结果状语从句、状语从句、5-条件条件状语从句状语从句,6-目的目的状语从句、状语从句、7-让步让步状语从句状语从句,8-方式方式状语从句状语从句.1、时间状语从句时间状语引导词可分为时间状语引导词可分为 when while as whenever before after until(till)since as soon as(一一就就)every timenext timethe first/timethe momentthe minute/instantly(立

3、刻立刻)immediately(立刻立刻)directly(一一就就)区分：区分：when/while/as whenwhile as1.当当.的时候的时候2.这时这时,正在这正在这时时1.当当的时候的时候(从句的谓语从句的谓语必须是必须是延续性延续性动词动词）2.而而,然而然而(强强调两者对比）调两者对比）1.一边一边.一边一边.2.随着随着.when:持续性非持续性动词持续性非持续性动词当当时时正在正在忽然忽然e.g.When I first saw her,I fell in love with her.-When did you get home?-It was eight ocloc

4、k when I got home.1)They were walking down the street when they saw2)an accident.while:持续性动词持续性动词 进行时进行时e.g.I like listening to music while I am doing my homework.Im going to the post office.While you are there,can you get some stamps for me?as：“正当正当”，“一一 边边一边一边”，“随随着着”。（强调动作的。（强调动作的同时性同时性）1.表示某事一发生

5、，另一事立即发生。表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。As the sun rose,the fog disappeared.2.表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。As he was speaking,there was a loud explosion.3.表示两个动作同时发生。表示两个动作同时发生。Helen sang a song as she washed.4.表示表示“随着随着.”.As she grew older,she became more beautiful.whenever表：每当表：每当Whenever we are in troubl

6、e,he will come to help us.Whenever you say“Im sorry”,look the person right in the eyes.Smile whenever you pick up the phone.before before:“在在之前之前”，We clean the classroom before we leave school every day.It will not be long before you regret for what youve done.after after:“在在之后之后”，After you use plas

7、tic bags,you mustnt throw them about.since引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从自从”，主句主句常用常用现在完成现在完成时，时，从句从句常用常用一般过去时一般过去时。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。We havent seen each other since we broke up.常用句型：常用句型：It has been(is)+时间段时间段+since从句从句 “自从自从有多长时间了有多长时间了”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年

8、时间了。例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。It has been(is)six years since she graduated from the university.until/till引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定肯定形式，形式，表表“直到直到为止。为止。”例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来为止。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来为止。Ill stay here until you come back.当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句常用主句常用否定否定形式。形式。n

9、ot until“直到直到才才”He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。as soon as引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 as soon as:“一一就就”，例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.相当于相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有：用法的词或短语还有：immediately,directly,instantly,the momen

10、t,the minute,the instant等等.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives.Directly I had done it,I knew I had made a mistake.2、地点状语从句连接副词连接副词:where,wherever(在任何地方在任何地方)e.g.a.Just stay where you are.b.Where there is a will,there is a way.c.You can sit wherever you like.d.Wherever you go,Ill be right

11、 here waiting for you.1.When he reads a book,his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him.A.there B.wherever C.the place D.in which3、原因状语从句常用的连接词：常用的连接词：because,as（因为）（因为）,since（既然）（既然）,now that（既然）（既然）,for,considering that（考虑到）（考虑到）,seeing that（既然）（既然）（语气上一个比一个弱）（语气上一个比一个弱）e.g.He did

12、nt come to school because he was ill.c.f.He might be ill,for he didnt come to school.表示表示“直接直接”原因。原因。表示表示“间接的推断间接的推断”原因原因.不可出现在句首。不可出现在句首。because,since,as,for的区别的区别:because直接原因，非推断语气最强直接原因，非推断语气最强 回答回答why的问题。的问题。since 通常放句首译为通常放句首译为“既然既然”as 不谈自明的原因不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。，语气最弱。for 放句中，引导后半句表原因放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推

13、断或补充推断 的理由的理由。1.I danced in front of the people _ I liked it.2.Youd better wear strong shoes _ well do a lot of walking.3._ he was not well,I decided to go without him.4._ everybody know about it,I dont want to talk any more.5.He must be ill,_ he is absent Today.6.Some people believe that _ oil is r

14、unning out,the fate of the motor industry is uncertain.becauseasAsSinceforsince4、条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件下发生的。通常用一般现在时表示将来。从属连词：从属连词：if,unless (除非除非),as/so long as(只要只要),on condition that(只要只要),once(一旦一旦),in case(假使假使),providing/provided(that)(如果如果)等等。Well

15、 come over to see you on Saturday if we have time.We should serve the people as/so long as we live.1.We will be able to get there on time,_ our car doesnt break down on the road.A.as soon as B.as far asB.C.as long as D.as well asC.2.In time of serious accidents,_ we know some basic things about firs

16、t aid,we can save lives.D.whether B.untilE.C.if D.unlessF.3._ you have tried it,you cant imagine how pleasant it is.G.A.Unless B.BecauseH.C.Although D.When _ you touch an English person,you should say“sorry”._ they are dirty,certain seas are not able to clean themselves._ we dont lose heart,well fin

17、d a way to overcome the difficulty.You can be allowed to play the game _you finish your homework first.Dont touch anything _ your teacher tells you to.IfOnceAs long ason condition thatunless5、让步状语从句常用引导词：常用引导词：1.though=although（虽然）（虽然）,even if=even though（即使）（即使）2.无论无论:1)no matter+疑问词疑问词:2)what/who/

18、where/when/which/how2)疑问词疑问词-ever:whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever特殊引导词特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首一般用在句首)，whether or,whether()or notthough,although 判断以下句子判断以下句子是否正确是否正确：Although he is rich,but he is not happy.Although he is rich,yet he is not happy.Althoug

19、h we have grown up,our parents still treat us as children.要点归纳：要点归纳：though,although当当“虽然虽然”讲讲,都都不能和不能和 but 连用连用.但是他们都但是他们都可以同可以同yet(still)连用连用.ever if,even thougheven if 和和 even though 表示表示“”即使即使Well make a trip even though the weather is bad.As 引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句 as 引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的

20、 、以及谓语中的以及谓语中的 提前至从句句首，作表语的单数提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需 。表语表语状语状语实意动词实意动词省略省略Though he works hard,he makes little progress.Hard as/though he works,he makes little progress.Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do.Child as/though he was,he knew what was the right thi

21、ng to do.Though you may object,Ill go.Object as you may,Ill go.whether or,whether()or notwhether or,whether or not 表示表示“不论是否不论是否”，“不管是不管是还是还是”。其引导的从句旨在说明正反两。其引导的从句旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。Whether you believe it or not,it is true.Youll have to attend the party whether you are fr

22、ee or busy.while 也可以引导让步状语从句，意为也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管尽管”，语气比，语气比though/although弱。其引导的从句一般位于弱。其引导的从句一般位于 。句首句首例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。While I like its color,I dont like its shape.no matter+疑问词疑问词 疑问词疑问词-everNo matter what happened,he would not mind.Whatever happened,he would not mind.替

23、换：替换：no matter what=whatever no matter who=whoever no matter when=whenever no matter where=wherever no matter which=whichever no matter how=however 判断正误：判断正误：No matter what you say is of no use now.Whatever you say is of no use now.归纳：归纳：no matter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，而而“疑问词疑问词+ever”则可以

24、则可以 1._ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.A.While B.since C.Before D.Unless2.The workers are determined to go through with their railway project,_ the expenses have risen.A.as long as B.even though C.now that D.as though3.I really want the match,however much _.A.does it c

25、ost B.costs it C.will it cost D.it costs4._ we have finished the course,we shall start doing more revision work.A.For now B.Now that C.By now D.until5._,the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him.A.Wanting the job very much B.Although wanting the job badly C.Though he wanted the job very

26、much D.He wanted the job badly6、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词引导目的状语从句的连词:in order that (为了为了)用于正式文体中，所引从用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。句可于主句前或后。so that (为了了)a.较常用，一般用于主句后较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可有时可分开，分开，so 有时可省有时可省;从句中从句中要有情要有情态动词态动词,否则否则,就成为下一种句型：就成为下一种句型：b.无无情态动词则引导情态动词则引导结果状语结果状语从句。从句。for fear that;in case；表；表“以免以免”e.g.a.Well s

27、it nearer the front so that we can hear better.b.I shall write it down in case I should forget.注意：注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用 so as to do 或或 in order to do e.g.He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten oclock.He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock.1.Roses need special c

28、are _ they can live through winter.A.because B.so that C.even if D.as2.If things are left _ they are,the problems will never be settled,Im afraid.A.how B.as C.what D.where3.Careful surveys have pointed out that as many as 50 percent of the patients do not take drugs _ directed.A.like B.so C.which D.

29、as4.I dare not go there _ my parents will see me.A.in case of B.for fear of C.in order that D.for fear that7、结果状语从句引导词：引导词：so,so that（如此（如此以至于），以至于），such that（如此（如此以至于）以至于）;so that（以至于）以至于）a.He runs so quickly that I couldnt catch up with him.b.The bus broke down so that we had to walk home.c.She is

30、 such a good teacher that everyone admires her.结构：构：1.主主语+动词+so+adj./adv.+that+从句从句 2.主主语+动词+such+n.+that+从句从句8、方式状语从句引导词引导词:as(正如正如),as if=as though(似乎似乎),the way(that)/in the way(that)(以以方式方式)a.We must do as the Party tells us.b.Leave the things as they are.c.Most plants need sunlight just as they

31、 need water.d.It sounds as if it is raining.e.They did it in a way that I had never seen before.9、比较状语从句引导词：引导词：as as（和（和一样）一样）,not so/as as（不和（不和一样）一样）,more/lessthan(多多/少于少于)a.He is not so/as healthy as his brother.b.b.They jumped up and down as hard as they could.c.c.John is less clever than Peter

32、.e.The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.f.Send for a doctor as soon as(it is)possible.特殊句型：特殊句型：the 比较级比较级+adj./adv.+从句，从句，the 比较级比较级+adj./adv.+从句从句a.The busier he is,the happier he will be.b.The faster he runs,the earlier he will get there.c.The more beautiful the city is,the more attractive it will be.