英语人教八年级下册现在完成时.pptx

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1、PresentperfecttensePresentperfecttense现在完成时现在完成时构成:用法一：表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果.现在完成时这一时态强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果.have/has+过去分词第1页/共27页1.都表示过去发生的事2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastIhavelivedherefortwoyearsIhavelivedherefortwoyearsIli

2、vedthere2yearsagoIlivedthere2yearsago第2页/共27页 常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:already(已经):用于肯定句 yet(已经):用于否定句一般疑问(句末）just(谓语动词之前)（刚刚）,ever(曾经)疑问句)never(从不)I have never seen him.before(以前)Have you seen the film before?in/duringthe past several days/weeks/years(在过去的)recently(最近)I have not written to my parents recen

3、tly.so farbynow(到目前为止)So far she has learned 5 English songs.bynow(sofar),up to now(到目前为止)alloneslife,once,twice,this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)第3页/共27页Exercises1.I_(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_(arrive),yet?3.Tome_never_(beto)China.4.Thetwin_just_(see)myfather.5.Thetwins_(see)myfatherjustno

4、w.6.Manytallbuildings_(build)inthepast5years.have hadarrivedhasbeen tohasseensawhave been built第4页/共27页用法二用法二：表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表示示一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。A A 动词动词使用延续性动词使用延续性动词。B B 和表时间段的时间状语连用。和表时间段的时间状语连用。常与常与for或或since引导的时间连用引导的时间连用sofar,upto/tillnow,inthe

5、last/past+一段时间，一段时间，alloneslife,bynow,thesedays、fortwoyears、since1984、sincehecamehereIhaventseenherthesedays.ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years/since3yearsago.Theyhavelivedheresince1990.WhathashappenedtotheUSAinthelast350years?第5页/共27页注意：(1)since一段时间agofor时间段;sincetwoweeksago=fortwoweeks;Ihavekeptthelibra

6、rybookforaweek.=Ihavekeptthelibrarybooksinceaweekago.(2)since+时间点for时间段since2000=foryears(3)since+从句(常用一般过去时)TheGreenshavelivedinBeijingsincetheymovedtoBeijingfromParis(4)Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句.自从某事发生已有一段时间了.Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy.第6页/共27页for和since的运用for“经历(时间段)”since“自从以

7、来”for时间段since时间段agosince时间点since从句1.Hehasstayedherefor3hours.2.Hehasstayedheresince3hoursago.3.Hehasstayedheresince3oclock.4.HehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.第7页/共27页练一练：用for和since填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_th

8、ree years ago _ last monthforsinceforsincesincesinceforforsinceforsincesince第8页/共27页用for或since填空。1.JillhasbeeninIreland_Monday.2.JillhasbeeninIreland_threedays.3.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia_15days.4.Margaretisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere_7oclock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry_1974.6.Thebusislate.We

9、vebeenwaiting_20minutes.7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.8.Mikehasbeenill_alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital_October9.Itstenyears_wemeteachotherlasttime.10.HehastaughtEnglish_25years.11.TheGreenshavelivedonthefarm_1990.12.Theyhavebeenpracticingtheguitar_twohours.13.Howlonghaveyoubeen

10、areporter?_8yearsago.14.Ihaventgoneforawalkinthepark_alongtime.15.Hesbeencollectingstamps_hewasinprimaryschool.16.Peterhasbeentosummercamp_3times.第9页/共27页注意点一:since的用法1.+具体的过去时间since2008sincesincelastSunday+agosincetwoyearsago+句子(过去时)2.Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句.(自从某事发生已有一段时间了.)Itis/hasbeentwoyearssi

11、ncemybrotherjoinedthearmy.第10页/共27页实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词 2)延续动词 瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.第11页/共27页常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变arrive/come/gotodiebecomeaborrowLeave/movebuyopenjoinstart/beginfinish/endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbeco

12、meinterestedinbeinbedeadhavekeepbeaway/beoutbeabein/amemberofbeopenbeonbeoverhaveacoldbeupknowbeoutbeclosedbeawakebeasleep/sleepbeinterestedin第12页/共27页 巧记瞬间性动词的转换“开始离去借来还，出生入死买到家，穿衣入睡要感冒，开开关关变结束。”第13页/共27页,结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetospbeinsp/atschool/athom

13、e/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.HeBeijingfor.2)ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince.3)Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor.4)Theycameherelastweek.They_heresince_.cometo/gobackto/returntobebacktogooutbeoutHecameouttwoyearsago.He_for_.2)WereturntoBeijingyesterday.We_toBeijingsince_.becomebe

14、Ibecameateacherin2000.I_ateacherfor_.2)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver_dirtyfor_.closebeclosedopenbeopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_for_.2)Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor_forsixhours.第14页/共27页getupbeup;diebedead;leavesp.beawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleepbeasleep;finish/endbeover;ma

15、rrybemarried;1)Igotuptwohoursago.I_since_.2)HeleftShanghaijustnow.He_Shanghaiforfiveminutes.3)Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa_for_.4)Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting_forsixhours.5)Igottosleeptwohoursago.I_since_.6)Theymarriedin1990.They_since_.start/begintodosth.dosth.;beginbeon1)Ibegantoteachatthis

16、schoolin1995.I_atthisschoolsince_.2)Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm_for_.第15页/共27页borrowkeep;losenothave;buyhave;putonwearcatch/getacoldhaveacold;gettoknowknow1)Theyborroweditlastweek.They_itsince_.2)Iboughtapentwohoursago.I_apenfor_.3)Igottoknowhimlastyear.I_himsince_.4)Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsa

17、go.I_myglassesfor_.have/hasgonetohavebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_Beijingfortwodays.jointheleague/theParty/thearmybealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldierbeamemberoftheleague/thePartybeintheleague/theParty/thearmy1)Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_a_fortwoyears.He_a_the_fortwoyears.He_theleaguefortwoyears.2)M

18、ybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrother_a_for_.Mybrother_in_fortwoyears.第16页/共27页Exercises Hisfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheyare18yearsold)MyteacherhasjustleftNanjing.(for3days)Hisfatherhas been deadfor2years.Thefootballmatchhas

19、 been onsince9:00a.m.Thetwinshave been soldiers/been in the armysincetheyare18yearsold.Myteacherhas been away from Nanjingfor3days第17页/共27页重点句型:Itis/hasbeen+段时间+since从句 段时间+haspassed+since从句 eg.他死了两年了：Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyears

20、haspassedsincehedied.第18页/共27页1.这本书我借了一个月了。Iborrowedthisbookamonthago.Itis/hasbeenamonthsinceIborrowedthebook.Ihavekeptthebookforamonth./sinceamonthago.AmonthhaspassedsinceIborrowedthebook.第19页/共27页Have/has gone tohave/has been to have/has been inhave/hasgoneto:已经去了或在途中，还没有返回；have/hasbeento:曾今去过某地，现

21、在已经回来了,后面可接表示“次数”的状语;have/hasbeenin:表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间，现仍在那里”，其后常带表示一段时间的状语。第20页/共27页have/has been to和have/has gone to 的用法区别 1“Have/has been to+地名”表示曾经去过某地，说话时已经回到说话地点，常与once、twice、ever、never 等时间连用。2“have/has gone to+地名”表示去某地了，现在没有回答，人不在说话地点。巧记巧记：been to been to，gone togone to 意不同，两者用法要记清；have been toh

22、ave been to+地名，曾经到过某地行；have gone tohave gone to+地点，到某地去了一走远。用have/has been to和have/has gone to填空 Hi，Lucy，you ever Beijing？No，I .What about your sister，Lily？Oh，she Chengdu，she will come back next week.Ok，thanks.Youre welcome.have been to haventhas gone to用法四第21页/共27页1.My parents the Great Wall twice.

23、2.-you ever Xiamen?3.How long Peter the park?4.My sister the shop.She will be back in two hours.1.5.She Shanghai.She isnt here.2.6.She Shanghai for two years.has gone to have been to Have been to hasbeen in has gone to has been in 练一练：练一练：用用have been to,have been in,have gone to填空。填空。第22页/共27页Exerci

24、sesExercisesTom 在哪儿？他去书店买书了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去过上海两次了-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks.IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years.JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice.第23页/共27页Correcting1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.Thefilmhasbeenon

25、sinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?havekepthasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmysince5yearsago/for5yearscamedidcatch第24页/共27页6.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwicehashasbeenindidopenbeen

26、to第25页/共27页ExercisesIamanAmericanboyIcametoChinatwoyearsago.I_(study)herefortwoyears.Myfatheroften(take)me_(play)footballontheplayground.LastweekI_(take)totheparkbyhim.Wesawalotofmonkeys(jump)inthetree.IheardavoicefrombehindWhenI(walk)alongtheriver.Ithoughtmyself.“Itmust_(be)Mr.Brown.He _(take)photos.”We_(enjoy)thatday.We _(go)backtoAmericanextweek.have studied takesto playWas taken wakedjumpbeis takingenjoyedwill go第26页/共27页感谢您的观看！第27页/共27页