研究生英语综合教程下 unit .pptx

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1、 Content Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project第1页/共65页Task 1Discuss with members of your group what is/are the most important element(s)for living a full life.You may choose one or more from the following list or provide your own answer.Then give

2、 reasons why you have made such a choice.a good appearance close friends a happy mindset a good neighborhood perfect health an absorbing hobby a good job lottery winnings a happy familyStarting outStarting outTask 1Task 1第2页/共65页Task 2 Your best friend has recently been in low spirits ever since she

3、 was diagnosed with COPD(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)(慢性阻塞性肺病).She stays in bed most of the time and misses a lot of classes.She has nothing to do,and moreover wants to do nothing.How would you encourage her to cope with the disease with a positive attitude?Starting outStarting outTask 2Ta

4、sk 2第3页/共65页Here are some suggestions from experts that will enable you to retain(or take back)much of your independence and improve your quality of life.Dont isolate yourself.reach out to others Stay as physically active as you can Manage your breathing Stick with your treatment planStarting outSta

5、rting outTask 2Task 2第4页/共65页Task 3Read the letter from John Doe and,with your partner,discuss how you could help him.Dear Abby,I feel like I almost cant breathe now.I work a ridiculous amount of hours and I dont have time to relax.My parents live 1,400 miles away and I am here all by myself.I have

6、no time to make friends.Sometimes I feel I dont even have a life.What should I do?Kind regards,JohnStarting outStarting outTask 3Task 3第5页/共65页 Dear John,I used to live a life just like yours.I can see myself in you when I finished my college and started my first job.I found a job as junior reporter

7、 for Chicago Daily so I moved from Houston to Chicago.I was working 18 hours a day in a place where I knew few people.My health finally broke down from too much work and poor diet.I stayed in hospital for two weeks.My parents came to Chicago and took care of me.After I was out of hospital,I quitted

8、my job and moved back to Houston,where I found a job in a local newspaper.I visited my parents often and I had time to hang around with my friends whom I had known for years as well as those I newly made.I felt happy finally.Starting outStarting outTask 3Task 3 So my suggestion is to take some time

9、off your work and go back to visit your parents and friends.Consider changing a job which requires fewer hours so that you may have time to make friends.You may also try to take classes on a subject you are interested in or pursue a hobby.You are sure to find life worth living.Yours,Abby第7页/共65页Star

10、ting outStarting outListen to the passage“Bored to Death”and fill out the blanks.Weve all been bored from time to time.sometimes,when were really at loose ends（无所适从）,we might even say were“bored to death”or“_!”We dont really mean it,of course.But according to one study,it may be true.That is,it _ to

11、 be bored to death.Researchers in England looked at surveys done in the mid 1980sseveral thousand questionnaires filled out by _ about their jobs.so bored I could die seems possible literallyLondon civil servants第8页/共65页The researchers found that those whod said that in the previous month they were

12、bored at work were _ as other workers to die of a heart problem over the follow-up period.Workers who _ in their jobs were less likely to die prematurely（过早地）.Now,this doesnt mean that feeling bored _ will kill you.Were talking about chronic boredom,as in being bored all the time.more than twice as

13、likely claimed to be interested every once in a whileStarting outStarting out第9页/共65页And its not necessarily boredom itself thats deadly.Most probably,according to the study,its the fact that being bored often leads to _ such smoking,overeating,drinking,and abusing drugs.Other studies have linked _a

14、 disease known often to lead to poor health.Does this mean that being engaged and interestedin other words,the opposite of bored_?Maybe.If not being bored means being physically active and adopting good dietary and exercise habits,then it certainly cant hurt.unhealthy habitsboredom and depressionlea

15、ds to better healthStarting outStarting out第10页/共65页The Hidden Side of HappinessReading FocusReading Focus第11页/共65页 Global Understanding 2Detailed Information3Critical Thinking4Language Points5Reading FocusReading FocusVocabulary in Action6Background Information1第12页/共65页Watch a clip from The Pursui

16、t of Happyness in which Christophers wife just left him.Discuss with your partner how people should pursue happiness.Background InformationBackground InformationClick on the picture第13页/共65页Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understanding1Introduction2Body3Conclusion(Paras.1-3)(Paras.4-17)(Para.18)第1

17、4页/共65页IntroductionReading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingMain idea:Many people find that enduring a harrowing ordeal _.There seems to be a built-in human capacity to _.What doesnt kill you can actually make you stronger.ultimately changes them for the betterflourish under the most difficult

18、 circumstances第15页/共65页Body Main idea:People who have suffered the most,who have beenforced to contend with shocks they never anticipated and torethink the meaning of their lives,_.may have the most totell us about that profound and intensely fulfillingjourney that philosophers used to call the sear

19、chReading FocusReading Focus Global Understandingfor“the good life”第16页/共65页Argument 1:Happiness is only one among many values in human life.Sometimes only _ can foster such qualities as _ because _.Example:31-year-old fashion designer Tracy Cyr.“I felt I hadbeen shown the secret of life and why wer

20、e here:to be happyand to nurture other life.Its that simple.”the trials of adversitycreativitycompassion,wisdom,altruism,insight,Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understandingsometimes onlydrastic situations can force us to take on the painful process of changeBody 第17页/共65页Argument 2:For many peop

21、le who have endured extreme eventslike combat,violent crime or sudden serious illnessperhapseven the majoritylife _.ultimately becomes richer and Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understandingmore gratifyingBody 第18页/共65页Argument 3:Actually implementing these changes,as well asfully coming to terms

22、 with a new reality,_ _.And eventually,people may find themselves freed in ways they never imagined.Example:_.Although parenting can bring sleep deprivation and thenecessity of putting aside personal pleasure,ultimately,theemotional rewards can compensate for the pain and difficultiesof adversity.us

23、ually takesOne of lifes biggest challenges:parentingconscious,effortReading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingBody 第19页/共65页ConclusionMain idea:_.Its possible to live an extraordinary rewarding lifeeven within the constraints and struggles we faceReading FocusReading Focus Global Understanding第

24、20页/共65页Task 2Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text(P11)Key:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10BCAADACDBDReading FocusReading Focus Detailed Information第21页/共65页Critical ThinkingReading Focus第22页/共65页Work together with your partner to answer the following questions based

25、 on the text youve just read.Reading FocusCritical Thinking1.The writer claims in the first paragraph that,“many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the better.”In which sense does she mean by saying“to change for the better”,physically or mentally?2.In the

26、second paragraph,the writer believes in“a built-in capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances.”Do you agree with her?Provide examples to elaborate your opinion.3.Do you agree with the statement“What doesnt kill you actually makes you stronger”?Why or why not?第23页/共65页Discuss in grou

27、ps the following questions.1.Have you had the experience of going through a very difficult situation and coming out as a better person?Or do you know someone who has experienced this?2.Unlike those who are so unfortunate to have been struck by diseases or who have been forced to go through extreme d

28、ifficulties in life,some people choose to voluntarily take adventures or challenges,like extreme sports,to push themselves to limits.Why do these people do so and what can they obtain from these experiences?Reading FocusCritical Thinking第24页/共65页1.Hurricanes,house fires,cancer,whitewater rafting acc

29、idents,plane crashes,vicious attacks in dark alleyways.(para.1)Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point hurricane:a storm that has very strong fast winds and that moves over water 飓风 e.g.A drenching rain poured down and the rising hurricane drove it in sheets along the ground.similar terms:typhoon/

30、monsoon季风/trade wind 信风第25页/共65页vicious:1)violent and cruel in a way that hurts someone physically恶毒的 e.g.a vicious murder a vicious killer2)very unkind in a way that is intended to hurt someones feelings or make their character seem bad,有恶意的 e.g.She was shocked by the vicious tone in his voice.simi

31、lar words:malicious,evil,violent,savage残暴成性的,cruel,ferocious残忍的,fierce凶猛的Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 第26页/共65页2.There seems to be a built-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances.(para.2)Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point flourish:develop well and be

32、successful e.g.The economy is booming and small businesses are flourishing.thrive:e.g.Children thrive when given plenty of love and attention.第27页/共65页3.This fledgling field has already proved the truth of what once passed as bromide:(Para.3)fledgling:a fledgling state or organization has only recen

33、tly been formed and is still developing e.g.Nursed the fledgling business through an economic downturn.Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 第28页/共65页4.Those who weather adversity well are living proof of the paradoxes of happiness.(para.4)Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point paradoxes:a pe

34、rson,thing or situation that has two opposite features and therefore seems strange e.g.He was a paradox-a loner独来独往的任 who loved to chat to strangers.The paradox is that fishermen would catch more fish if they fished less.第29页/共65页5.But that feeling of transformation is in some ways typical,(papa.11)

35、Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point transform:to completely change the appearance,form,or character of something or someone,especially in a way that improves ite.g.The movie transformed her almost overnight from an unknown schoolgirl into a megastar超级巨星.After three weeks we noticed a total tra

36、nsformation in his behavior.第30页/共65页6.In that moment,our sense of invulnerability is pierced,and the self-protective mental armor that normally stands between us and our perceptions of the world is torn away.(para.12)Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 翻译：在事情发生的那一瞬间，我们的安全感被冲破了，平时处于我们与我们对世界的种种

37、看法之间的自我保护的精神盔甲被剥离了。第31页/共65页Key 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-Task 1Read the words and their explanations in the box.Choose a word to complete each of the sentences below and explain its meaning.Change the form if necessary.(P14)provinces b.woke a.haunt b.trouble a.weathers d.wake b.coined c.trouble b.Reading Foc

38、usReading Focus Vocabulary in Action 第32页/共65页Key 9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-weather c.province c.coin a.value a.haunts a.has promised a.trouble c.coin b.Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action promise d.values c.refrain b.valued e.第33页/共65页Task 21.The _ atmosphere of the inn allows

39、guests to feel totally at home.2.Technological advances might _ lead to even more job losses.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate phrase from the box.Change the form if necessary.(P15)tranquilultimatelyadversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranqu

40、ildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ultimatelyReading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action 第34页/共65页3.In the _ of the shootings,there were calls for tighter controls on gun ownership.4.Her kindness and generosity _ her occasional flashes of temper.5.He was beginning to wonder if he would su

41、rvive the _.6.Foreign food aid has led to a _ reduction in the numbers of people dying of starvation.aftermathcancel outordealdrasticReading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action adversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath

42、cancel out ultimately第35页/共65页7.Perhaps her most important _ was her program of educational reform.8.There were food shortages and other _ during the Civil War.9.The new economic policies could prove _ for the party.10.The building will be completed around six months earlier than _.legacydeprivation

43、ssuicidalanticipatedReading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action adversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ultimately第36页/共65页11.The experience was enough to keep him _ for some time.12.The road to happiness i

44、s paved with _.13.She _ to nothing no less than the chairmanship of the company.14.He might be influenced by _ for the surroundings of his happy youth.15.In _,I wish that I had thought about alternative courses of action.preoccupiedadversitiesaspiresnostalgiaReading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in

45、Action adversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ultimatelyretrospect第37页/共65页Task 3Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English.Try to use the expressions you have learned

46、 from the text.(p.17)1.Watching your baby being born is _(极其令人兴奋的经历).2.There is _ (内置储藏空间)in all bedrooms.3.This handout focuses on _(自我保护措施)under difficult climatic conditions.a mind-blowing experiencebuilt-in storage spaceself-protection measuresReading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action 第38页

47、/共65页4.Im sure we could offer you some _(短期的工作).5.So,how is it that we all,or at least many of us,have such a _(歪曲的、否定的自我观念)?6.Helen Hunt stars as a character undergoing _(改变了生活的事件)in Then She Found Me.7.She has written a book that is beautiful because of the honesty and the raw emotion that is port

48、rayed in_ (无所不包的细节).8.Having a decent job contributes to _(一个好的自我形象).short-term employmentdistorted and negative self-perceptionlife-changing eventsReading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action all-encompassing detailsa good self-image第39页/共65页Practical TranslationPractical Translation第40页/共65页 语篇

49、语篇（discourse）是在交际功能上相对完整和独立的一个语言片断。为了进行有效的交际活动，语篇应衔接衔接（cohesion）得当，连贯性连贯性（coherence）好。衔接手段（cohesive device）是一种谋篇手段，是生成语篇的重要条件之一，也是译者在翻译过程中首先要考虑的问题，因为它直接关系到译文的质量。衔接自然的译文读起来通顺、流畅、连贯；缺乏衔接或衔接不当的译文晦涩难懂，影响阅读，也影响交际功能的实现。语篇层次的翻译衔接第41页/共65页从语篇层面上说，英汉两种语言在形合从语篇层面上说，英汉两种语言在形合（hypotaxishypotaxis）和意合（）和意合（parata

50、xisparataxis）方面的差异。）方面的差异。由于英汉两种语言逻辑思维的不同，英语重由于英汉两种语言逻辑思维的不同，英语重“形合形合”，句子内部的连接或句子间的连接采用，句子内部的连接或句子间的连接采用显性的语言手段来实现，主要是通过各种语法手显性的语言手段来实现，主要是通过各种语法手段和词汇手段，以表示其结构和逻辑关系。因此，段和词汇手段，以表示其结构和逻辑关系。因此，英语中长句多。汉语重英语中长句多。汉语重“意合意合”，句中各成分之，句中各成分之间或句子之间的结合少用甚至不用形式衔接手段，间或句子之间的结合少用甚至不用形式衔接手段，主要靠句子内部的隐性逻辑联系，注重逻辑事理主要靠句子