高等学校研究生英语综合教程上Unit.pptx

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1、高等学校研究生英语综合教程上高等学校研究生英语综合教程上UnitUnit 10 The Role of Education 第1页/共73页 Content Content Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project第2页/共73页Task 1Task 1The following is a list of the core courses offered The following is a list of the core courses offere

2、d by colleges or universities.Select what you think by colleges or universities.Select what you think are the three most important core courses from are the three most important core courses from the list below.Compare your choices with those of the list below.Compare your choices with those of your

3、 partneryour partner s and give reasons for your choices.s and give reasons for your choices.(P276)(P276)Starting outStarting out EconomicsGeographyHistoryPhysiologyPsychologyEnglish,dancing,etc)Arts(music,paintingMathPhilosophyChineseP.E.ComputerManagementReligionLaw第3页/共73页Task 2 In the mid 1980s,

4、Chinas college enrollment rate stood at In the mid 1980s,Chinas college enrollment rate stood at about 3%of the population,lower than that of many other about 3%of the population,lower than that of many other developing countries.In the early 1990s,the number rose developing countries.In the early 1

5、990s,the number rose to 5%.In 1999,universities enrolled 1.59 million students,to 5%.In 1999,universities enrolled 1.59 million students,which was a 41.2 percent rise from the previous year.Since which was a 41.2 percent rise from the previous year.Since then,the numbers have just kept climbing.In 2

6、002,the then,the numbers have just kept climbing.In 2002,the college enrollment rate reached 15%percent.It rose to college enrollment rate reached 15%percent.It rose to 19%in 2005.Some people think the expansion policy is 19%in 2005.Some people think the expansion policy is necessary to improve the

7、quality of the nations education necessary to improve the quality of the nations education while others believe that the expansion is responsible for a while others believe that the expansion is responsible for a decline in the quality of teaching as well as the intense decline in the quality of tea

8、ching as well as the intense competition in the job market.What is your opinion on this competition in the job market.What is your opinion on this issue?Use examples,facts or figures to support your ideas.issue?Use examples,facts or figures to support your ideas.(P276)(P276)Starting outStarting outT

9、ask 2Task 2第4页/共73页Task 2Task 2Useful words and expressions:Useful words and expressions:Starting outStarting outTask 2Task 2a just,equitable and productive societyquality of education skilled workforcelow-income areas minority studentsrising tuition fees heavy financial burdenmeet the demands of th

10、e workplaceincapable of tackling practical problemsboost economic developmentincrease the skill base of the country第5页/共73页 Task 3 Task 3 In most parts of China,when students reach In most parts of China,when students reach the second grade at senior high school,they the second grade at senior high

11、school,they are required to specialize in either science or are required to specialize in either science or arts courses.The two courses are very different arts courses.The two courses are very different and some people dislike being streamlined so and some people dislike being streamlined so early

12、in their educational career.What do you early in their educational career.What do you think of this practice?Talk to your partner and think of this practice?Talk to your partner and tell them about your experience.(tell them about your experience.(P277P277)Starting outStarting outTask 3Task 3第6页/共73

13、页Starting outStarting out Now watch a video about Princeton University.Listen carefully and complete the blank-filling exercise.第7页/共73页1.Princeton University is located in Princeton,New 1.Princeton University is located in Princeton,New Jersey in the suburban historic town Jersey in the suburban hi

14、storic town of_ including of_ including farmlands and forests.farmlands and forests.2.One of the things that weve seen in the last years is2.One of the things that weve seen in the last years is _in the class._in the class.3.Princeton offers one of the strongest financial aid 3.Princeton offers one

15、of the strongest financial aid programs in the country.Thats why 58%of programs in the country.Thats why 58%of undergraduates receive financial aid thats not needed undergraduates receive financial aid thats not needed _._.4.Some of the most popular majors in Princeton are 4.Some of the most popular

16、 majors in Princeton are politics,history,politics,history,_._.5.Our faculties are leaders in their fields and theyre 5.Our faculties are leaders in their fields and theyre pushing back _ in terms of their pushing back _ in terms of their research.research.Starting outStarting outdiverse surrounding

17、sthe gender balance to be paid backmolecular biology and engineeringintellectual limits 第8页/共73页The Role of the Academy in Times of CrisisReading FocusReading Focus第9页/共73页 Global Understanding 2Detailed Information3Critical Thinking4Language Points5Reading FocusReading FocusVocabulary in Action6Bac

18、kground Information1第10页/共73页Listen to a talk on education and educational system,Listen to a talk on education and educational system,and answer the following questions.and answer the following questions.1)What1)What s the purpose of education?s the purpose of education?2)What2)What s thought to be

19、 fashionable in many modern s thought to be fashionable in many modern countries?countries?3)Why do some people refuse to do what they think of 3)Why do some people refuse to do what they think of as as low jobs?low jobs?4)Why is the work of a completely uneducated farmer 4)Why is the work of a comp

20、letely uneducated farmer far far more important than that of a professor?more important than that of a professor?5)What kind of education is valuable to the society?5)What kind of education is valuable to the society?Background InformationBackground Information第11页/共73页Reading FocusReading Focus Glo

21、bal UnderstandingTask 1Its important to be able to find the main idea in a paragraph.The main idea tells the reader what the paragraph is mostly about.All of the other sentences in a paragraph are details that tell the reader more about the main idea.The main idea is usually stated in a topic senten

22、ce.The topic sentence is often the first sentence or it may come a little later in the paragraph or even at the end.Its important to be able to distinguish the main idea from the supporting details in reading materials.Sometimes the main idea is not written explicitly but rather suggested.Sometimes

23、it may be expressed in more than one sentence.There are seven paragraphs in this text.Write down the main idea of each paragraph.(P283)第12页/共73页Para 1:Para 2:Para 3:Para 4:Reading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingOur societys confidence in its institutions of higher education is clear from the

24、 generosity of government investment in research but it comes with expectation.Modern academic study relates to the world;it is not apart from it as in the past.American society has a long-standing consensus about the value of education.We have an obligation to search for new ideas and knowledge.第13

25、页/共73页Para 5:Para 6:Para 7:Reading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingWe have an obligation to disseminate new idea and knowledge.We have the third obligation to educate the next generation of citizens and leaders.We should cultivate the qualities of thought and discernment in our students.第14页/

26、共73页Task 2Task 2Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text.the sentence from the text.(P284)(P284)Key:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10BCBBCCACCCReading FocusReading Focus Detailed Information第15页/共73页Critical ThinkingR

27、eading Focus第16页/共73页Step One Read the following sentences from the text and decide whether you agree with the author.Work in groups to provide examples to support or argue against the authors opinions.Reading FocusCritical ThinkingThe search for new ideas and knowledge is not and cannot be motivate

28、d by utilitarian concern.We should first and foremost cultivate the qualities of thought and discernment in our students.第17页/共73页Step TwoDiscuss with your partner the following questions.What do you think is the purpose of education?Do you think the idea of a liberal arts education as preparation f

29、or a profession is a narrow one?Why or why not?Reading FocusCritical Thinking第18页/共73页1.1.Our societyOur society s confidence in its institutions of higher s confidence in its institutions of higher education is expressed through the generous investments education is expressed through the generous i

30、nvestments of the federal and state governments in basic and applied of the federal and state governments in basic and applied research,investments that wisely research,investments that wisely couplecouple support for support for research research withwith support for graduate education.(support for

31、 graduate education.(Para 2Para 2)couplecouple with with:if one thing is coupled withif one thing is coupled with another,they happen or exist another,they happen or exist together and produce a particular result together and produce a particular result 并提；加上并提；加上 e.g.e.g.1)Lack of rain coupled with

32、 high temperatures1)Lack of rain coupled with high temperatures caused the crops to fail.caused the crops to fail.2)His energy and intelligence,coupled with her skill 2)His energy and intelligence,coupled with her skill and patience,overcame all difficulties.and patience,overcame all difficulties.Re

33、ading FocusReading Focus Language Point 第19页/共73页2.In times of trouble,it is especially important that we 2.In times of trouble,it is especially important that we live up live up toto these expectations.(these expectations.(Para 2Para 2)live up tolive up to:if something or someone lives up to a stan

34、dard,if something or someone lives up to a standard,reputation,or promise,they do as well as they were reputation,or promise,they do as well as they were expected to,do what they promised expected to,do what they promised 符合（标准）；不负符合（标准）；不负（盛名）；履行（诺言）（盛名）；履行（诺言）e.g.e.g.1)He works hard and will proba

35、bly live up to his 1)He works hard and will probably live up to his parents expectations.parents expectations.2)The bank is insolvent and is unable to live up to its 2)The bank is insolvent and is unable to live up to its obligations.obligations.Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 第20页/共73页3.3

36、.The medieval image of the university as an ivory tower,The medieval image of the university as an ivory tower,with scholars turned inward inwith scholars turned inward in solitary solitary contemplationcontemplation,immunized from the cares of the day,is an image that immunized from the cares of th

37、e day,is an image that has beenhas been supersededsuperseded by the modern university by the modern university constructed not of ivory,but of a highly porousconstructed not of ivory,but of a highly porous material,one that allows free material,one that allows free diffusiondiffusion in both in both

38、 directions.directions.(Para 3Para 3)contemplationcontemplation(n.n.):):quiet,serious thinking about quiet,serious thinking about something something 沉思沉思 e.g.e.g.1)He is lost in contemplation about his future.1)He is lost in contemplation about his future.2)The monks spend an hour in contemplation

39、each 2)The monks spend an hour in contemplation each morning.morning.supersede supersede(v.v.):):to replace to replace 代替，取代代替，取代 e.g.e.g.Television superseded radio in the fifties.Television superseded radio in the fifties.Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 第21页/共73页diffusion diffusion(n.n.)

40、:):spreading ideas orinformation among a spreading ideas orinformation among a lot of people lot of people 传播，散播传播，散播 e.g.e.g.1)The diffusion of ideas across borders is 1)The diffusion of ideas across borders is one one reason for Europes success.reason for Europes success.2)The diffusion of news by

41、 radio and TV2)The diffusion of news by radio and TV may be may be affected by the Internet.affected by the Internet.翻译：翻译：中世纪大学的形象是一座象牙塔，学者们远离社会中世纪大学的形象是一座象牙塔，学者们远离社会进行孤独的沉思，不关心窗外之事进行孤独的沉思，不关心窗外之事这一形象已被现这一形象已被现代大学所取代代大学所取代现代大学不是象牙构筑的，而是高度现代大学不是象牙构筑的，而是高度开放的机构，允许内外自由交流。开放的机构，允许内外自由交流。Reading FocusRe

42、ading Focus Language Point 第22页/共73页4.4.We also haveWe also have learned that it is unwise to learned that it is unwise to search only in predictable places,for new search only in predictable places,for new knowledge oftenknowledge often depends upon preparing depends upon preparing fertile ground i

43、n obscure places where fertile ground in obscure places where serendipityserendipity and good luck,and good luck,as well as deep as well as deep intelligence,can sprout.intelligence,can sprout.(Para 4Para 4)serendipity serendipity(n.)(n.):the natural ability to make the natural ability to make inter

44、esting or valuable discoveries by accident interesting or valuable discoveries by accident 翻译：翻译：同时，我们也得知，只在可预知的领域来挖掘知识同时，我们也得知，只在可预知的领域来挖掘知识是不明智的，因为新知识往往依赖于在未知领域准备好是不明智的，因为新知识往往依赖于在未知领域准备好肥沃的土壤，在那些领域，好运气同深奥的智慧一样能肥沃的土壤，在那些领域，好运气同深奥的智慧一样能 开花结果。开花结果。Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 第23页/共73页5

45、.5.Freedom of inquiry,which is one of our mostFreedom of inquiry,which is one of our most cherished organizing principles,is not just a moral cherished organizing principles,is not just a moral imperativeimperative,it is a practical necessity.,it is a practical necessity.(Para 4Para 4)imperative imp

46、erative(n n.):.):an essential or urgent thing an essential or urgent thing 需要需要 e.g.e.g.1)Tackling malaria is now an international imperative.1)Tackling malaria is now an international imperative.2)Distributing food aid is an important moral 2)Distributing food aid is an important moral imperative i

47、n that society.imperative in that society.imperative imperative(adjadj.):.):extremely important and needing to be extremely important and needing to be done or dealt with immediately done or dealt with immediately 急需的急需的 e.g.e.g.1)It is imperative that politicians should be good 1)It is imperative t

48、hat politicians should be good municators.2)It is imperative to meet face to face with the client.2)It is imperative to meet face to face with the client.Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 第24页/共73页6.6.It consists in the power to distinguish good It consists in the power to distinguish good r

49、easoning from bad,inreasoning from bad,in the power to digest and the power to digest and interpret evidence,in the habit of interpret evidence,in the habit of catholic catholic observation andobservation and a preference for the a preference for the non-partisannon-partisan point of view,in an addi

50、ction to clear and logicalpoint of view,in an addiction to clear and logical processes of thought and yet an instinctive desire to processes of thought and yet an instinctive desire to interpretinterpret rather than to stick to the letter of rather than to stick to the letter of reasoning,in a taste