过去分词语法知识2.ppt

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1、非谓语动词-过去分词一.非谓语动词的几种形式：1.to do 不定式 2.v-ing现在分词 3.v-ing 动名 4.v-ed 过去分词二.过去分词的构成：v原形+ed（规则动词）三.过去分词所表示的含义：“被动”和“完成”四.过去分词在句子中所做的成分 1.作表语，常位于系动词之后，构成“主系表”结构，表示主语的某种性质或状态表示主语的某种性质或状态,此时无被动和完成之意。eg.She looked disappointed.He seemed worried after reading the letter.When we heard of it,we were deeply moved

2、.I am confused about his words.2.作定语，单个的过去分词作定语往往置于单个的过去分词作定语往往置于被修饰词的前面，而过去分词短语一般放被修饰词的前面，而过去分词短语一般放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。1）the used books,the lost time,the boiled water,spoken English,written English,（及物动词的过分同时表示被动和完成之意）（及物动词的过分同时表示被动和完成之意）a developed country,a fallen leaf,a retire

3、d worker.(不及物动词的过分只表完成之意不及物动词的过分只表完成之意)2）a building built last year A book written by Luxun A factory run by a young ladyWhich wasWhich wasWhich is3.作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。此时过去分词的逻辑主语是主句的主语。1）作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句，有时过去分词前可有since,because等连词。因为被故事深深的感动了。所以激动的人们停止了彼此间的争吵。Deeply moved by the story，the e

4、xcited people stopped quarrelling with each other.Because they were因为收到了演讲的鼓舞，所以年轻人下决心要继续战斗。Encouraged by the speech，the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.因为她严重受伤了，所以不得不被带到医院。Seriously injured，she had to be taken to hospital.Because they wereBecause she was2).作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句

5、。有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。一旦被出版，这本字典将会非常受欢迎。Once published,the dictionary will be very popular.从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。Seen from the top of the hill，the city looked like a big garden.it isWhen the city is 3).作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句有时过去分词前可用if或者unless等词。再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。Given another chance，he will do better.水

6、如果被加热会变成蒸汽的。If heated，water can turn into steam.除非被邀请，要不然我不会去参见聚会的。Unless invited,or I wont go to the party.If he is it isI am4).作让步状语，相当于一个 引导的让步状语从句。分词前可有thoughalthough 等词 尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。Laughed at by many people，he still continued his study.Although he was 尽管已经修了好多次了，车子还是在路上坏掉了。Repaired many

7、times,the car still broke down on the road.尽管受到了虐待，这只狗还是对主人很忠心。The dog remained faithful to its owner though treated badly.Although it has beenit is5).作方式或伴随状语(相当于and连接的并列句）猎人慢慢的走进了森林，后面跟着他的狗。The hunter walked slowly into the forest,followed by his dog.教授坐在那儿，身边围了一群学生。The professor sat there,surroun

8、ded by his students.我和父亲坐在餐桌旁讨论着我的工作问题。Seated at the table，my father and I were talking about my job.and he wasand he was4过去分词作宾语补足语 作宾语补足语的过去分词形式多来自及物动词，说明宾语的状态或性质，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。此时它前面的宾语就是其逻辑宾语。1）做感官动词feel,see,hear,watch,notice,find,listen to,look at等的宾补。他感觉自己被骗了。He felt himself cheated.我听见这首歌被唱了好多次了

9、。I heard this song sung many times.2).做使役动词的宾补:make,get,have,keep等。He tried to make himself understood.He speaks aloud to make himself heard He had his hair cut.I will gethave my bike repaired tomorrow.3).作with的宾补 with everything well arranged,he left the office.The man went to play basketball with his work finished.Thats all,thank you for listening!-Xiaoai