高中英语基本句型的讲解课件(教育精品).ppt

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1、为什么为什么一定要掌握英语的基本句型？一定要掌握英语的基本句型？v 熟悉和掌握英语的基本句型，对英语句子的理解和应用至关重要。例如在阅读理解遇到长难句时，善于分析句型，便可化繁为简，保证获取正确的文章信息。在写作类试题中亦要注重多种句型的应用。v 英语句型似乎非常多，实际上都是由六种基本句型派生而来。下面以陈述句的肯定句为例归纳这六种基本句型。ve.g.一、主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词 即即 主主+谓谓Class begins.The sun rises in the east.主主谓谓主主谓谓状状二、主语二、主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语 即即 主主+谓谓+宾宾ve.g.I keep a

2、 diary every evening.v He wants to watch TV.主主主主谓谓谓谓宾宾宾宾状状状状主主主主谓谓谓谓宾宾宾宾三、主语三、主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 即即 主主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾直宾 或或 主主-谓谓-双宾双宾ve.g.They sent me a telegram.v v My brother gave me a book.主主主主谓谓谓谓间宾间宾间宾间宾直宾直宾直宾直宾注：双宾与注：双宾与动词有关动词有关主主主主谓谓谓谓间宾间宾间宾间宾直宾直宾直宾直宾四、主语四、主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+补语补语 即主即主+谓谓

3、+宾宾+补补 或主或主-谓谓-复宾复宾ve.g.I had my shoes mended.v常用动词：常用动词：name,make,think,find,leavevmake+宾宾+adj/done/do/nvhave+宾宾+doing/done/dovget+宾宾+doing/to do/donevfind+宾宾+adj/介介/分词分词vleave+宾宾+adj/介介vCall/name+宾宾+n主主主主谓谓谓谓宾宾宾宾补补补补注：宾补与注：宾补与宾语有关宾语有关五、主语五、主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语即主即主-系系-表表ve.g.He is a lawyer.It grows dar

4、k.We must keep quiet!主主 系系表表主主系系表表主主系系表表六六.引导词引导词there+谓语谓语+主语主语+状语状语（There+be+n./pron.+prep-phrase）There are over 600 students in this grade.There is noboby in the room.引导引导谓谓主主状状引导引导谓谓主主状状此句型中的谓语动词常用此句型中的谓语动词常用be,be,有时也用有时也用 livelive、standstand、lielieve.g.There There livedlived an old monk in that

5、 temple many years an old monk in that temple many years ago.ago.There There standsstands a big tree on top of the hill.a big tree on top of the hill.There There lieslies a railway in front of the village.a railway in front of the village.练习一：分析下列句子的结构练习一：分析下列句子的结构v1.When he entered the room,vhe fou

6、nd the man lying in bed dead.v2.I found it imortant to study English v well.主主谓谓宾宾补补主主谓谓形宾形宾补补真宾真宾时间状语从句时间状语从句连词连词主主谓谓宾宾主句主句练习二：区分复宾和双宾练习二：区分复宾和双宾v1.He called me Bob.v2.He passed me a map.v3.They made the girl laugh.v4.They gave the girl a book.主主主主谓谓谓谓宾宾宾宾补补补补主主主主谓谓谓谓间宾间宾间宾间宾直宾直宾直宾直宾主主主主谓谓谓谓宾宾宾宾补补补

7、补主主主主谓谓谓谓间宾间宾间宾间宾直宾直宾直宾直宾练习三：翻译下列句子练习三：翻译下列句子vv1 1、我有一本英汉词典。、我有一本英汉词典。、我有一本英汉词典。、我有一本英汉词典。vv2 2、写字台上有一本汉英词典。、写字台上有一本汉英词典。、写字台上有一本汉英词典。、写字台上有一本汉英词典。vv3 3、我生日那天姑姑送给我一辆新自行车。、我生日那天姑姑送给我一辆新自行车。、我生日那天姑姑送给我一辆新自行车。、我生日那天姑姑送给我一辆新自行车。vv4 4、校长让我去他办公室。、校长让我去他办公室。、校长让我去他办公室。、校长让我去他办公室。vv5 5、她因病没有去开会。、她因病没有去开会。、她

8、因病没有去开会。、她因病没有去开会。I have an English-Chinese dictionary.(I have an English-Chinese dictionary.(主主主主-谓谓谓谓-宾宾宾宾)There is a Chinese-English dictionary on the desk.(There-There is a Chinese-English dictionary on the desk.(There-be)be)My aunt sent me a new bike on my birthday.(My aunt sent me a new bike o

9、n my birthday.(主主主主-谓谓谓谓-双宾双宾双宾双宾)The The headmasterheadmaster told me to go to his office.(told me to go to his office.(主主主主-谓谓谓谓-宾宾宾宾-补补补补)She didnt attend the meeting because she was ill.She didnt attend the meeting because she was ill.(主主主主-谓谓谓谓-宾宾宾宾-主主主主-系系系系-表表表表)v6.昨天有昨天有30万人参观了上海世博会。万人参观了上海世

10、博会。300,000 people visited Shanghai EXPO(the World Exposition in Shanghai in 2010)yesterday.（主（主-谓谓-宾宾-状）状）or:There were 300,000 people visiting Shanghai EXPO(the World Exposition in Shanghai in 2010)yesterday.（There-谓谓-主主-定定-状）状）v7.我父母在农村。我父母在农村。My parents are in the countryside.(My parents are in t

11、he countryside.(主主主主-系系系系-表表表表)注：此句中的注：此句中的注：此句中的注：此句中的“are”are”虽无词义，虽无词义，虽无词义，虽无词义，但它是句子中的重要成份，如果不但它是句子中的重要成份，如果不但它是句子中的重要成份，如果不但它是句子中的重要成份，如果不用则不符合英语句型用则不符合英语句型用则不符合英语句型用则不符合英语句型一、一、主语主语主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词不及物动词不及物动词 即即即即 主主+谓谓二、主语二、主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语 即即 主主+谓谓+宾宾三、主语三、主语三、主语三、主语+及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语直接宾语直接宾语 即即即即 主主主主+谓谓谓谓+间宾间宾间宾间宾+直宾直宾直宾直宾 或或或或 主主主主-谓谓谓谓-双宾双宾双宾双宾四、主语四、主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+补语补语 即主即主+谓谓+宾宾+补补 或主或主-谓谓-复宾复宾五、主语五、主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语即主即主-系系-表表六六.引导词引导词there+谓语谓语+主语主语+状语状语（There+be+n./pron.+prep-phrase