(完整版)人教版初中英语中考复习知识点归纳总结全册.pdf

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1、人教版英 语中考分 册复习 知识点Unit 1-Unit 2 重点句型1. My name s Jenny. I m Gina. Nice to meet you. 2. What s your/his/her name? My/His/Her name is . 3. What s your/his/her family/first name? 4. What s your telephone number? It s 218-9176. 5. What s his/ her telephone number? 6. What s this/that in English? It s a r

2、uler. 7. Is this/that your pencil? Yes, it is./No, it isn t. 8. How do you spell pencil?/Spell pencil./Can you spell pencil? 9. Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? 10. Call Alan at 495-3539. 重点语法be 在一般 现在时中的基本用法： I 用 am, you用 are，is 跟着他 她它。He ,she ,it用 is， we, you they都用 are 。单数 名

3、词用 is，复数 名词都用 are 。be 的几 种形式： is, am, are being was, were been 主谓一致：主谓一致的 15 种 常考情 况：1 表示 时间 ，重量， 数目，价格， 长 度， 数学运 算等的 词或短语作主 语时 ，尽管他 们是复数 形式，但如果把这些复数 形式的 词或短 语看作是一 个整体， 谓语动词 用单数 形式。Two months is quite a long time. Twenty dollars is enough. 2 动词 不定式， 动名词，从句或不可 数名词作主 语时 ，谓语动词用单数。To see is to believe.

4、It is not easy to master a foreign language. 3 由 and 连接两个 成分作主 语时 ，要根据其表示的意义来决 定谓语动词 的形式。如果其表示的是一个整体的 概念或指的是同一事物， 谓语动词 用单数 ，如果其表示的是两个 不同的 对象时，谓语动词 用复数 。The writer and the teacher are coming. The poet and teacher is one of my friends. 4 集合名 词 people ，police 一般看作 复数 意义，其 谓语动词 用复数 。另外一些集合名词 family ，ene

5、my ，class ，army 等作主语时 ，谓语动词 是用 单数还 是复数，要根据 这些词在句中的 实际含义而定。 当他们表示的是整体意义时 ，谓语 用单数 ；当他们强调个 体成员时 ，谓语动词 用复数 形式。In England, people eat fish and chips. The Chinese people（民族） is a great people. 5 名词性物主代 词 mine ，yours ，his，hers， its，ours ，theirs等作主 语时 ，谓语动词 的数取决于该代词所表示的意 义是单数还是复数 。His parents are young, but

6、 mine are old. 6 以 s 结尾的名 词本身不表示 复数 意义时 ，谓语动词 通常用 单数形式，如news ，physics ，politics ，maths等。No news is good news. Physics is the most difficult subject for him. 7 由 or，either or，neither nor，not only but also 等词连 接名 词或代 词作主 语时 ，谓语动词 的数和最接近的主语一致。Neither you nor Li Hua has been to Shanghai before. 8 以 ther

7、e ，here 开头 的句子，若主 语不止一 个，其 谓语动词的形式和 邻近的那 个主语一致。There is a table and four chairs in the room. Here are some books and paper for you. 9 trousers ，clothes ，glasses ，compasses，chopsticks等作主 语时，谓语动词 用复数。但如果前面有a pair of短语时 ，谓语动词 用单数 。Jim s trousers are brown. The pair of glasses is Mr. Green s. 10 由“ a lo

8、t of/lots of/plenty of+名词”或“分 数+名词”作主语时，谓语动词 的单复数 根据名 词的单复数 而定。A lot of people have been to London. Three-fifths of the water is dirty. 11 “ a number of +复数 名词”作主语时 ，谓语动词 用复数 ；“ the number of+复数 名词”作主语时，谓语动词 用单数 。A great number of birds fly to the south in winter. The number of lions does not change

9、 much if people leave things as they are. 12 代词 something，anything ，nothing ，everyone ，anybody ，nobody ，each ，neither ，either ，little ，much ，one 等作主语时 ，谓语动词 用单数 形式。Neither of us is a boy。Each of them has an English dictionary。One of the students was late for school。13 All，some none，most ，any 等代 词作主

10、语时，若其指 复数概念，谓语动词 用复数 形式；若其指 单数 形式， 则谓语动词 用单数 形式。Not all work is difficult。Not all the students are here。14 有些形容 词前面加上定冠 词 the ，如 the poor ，the old ，the yong ，the rich ，the dying等用 来表示一 类人时，主语为复数意义，谓语动词 用复数 。The old are good taken care of。15 Many a 意为“ 许多”，但因后面跟的是 单数名词，谓语动词应用单数 形式。Many a student has

11、passed the exam。练习 ：1The news for my brother。A. are B. were C. be D. is 2A boy with two dogs when the earthquake rocked the city 。A. were sleeping B. is asleep C. was sleeping D. are asleep 3Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began。A. are B. is C. was D. were 4 Neither he nor I from

12、 Canada 。 We are from Australia 。A. is B. are C. am D. be 5Jim works hard on his Chinese and 。A. so Lucy does B. so is Lucy C. so does Lucy D. so Lucy is 6Jenny and her parents going to visit the Palace Museum tomorrow。. A. is B. am C. are D. be 7Henry ，with his friends，volleyball every afternoon。A.

13、 play B. plays C. has played D. have played 8 Fish and chips the most take away food in England 。A. are B. is C. were D. was 9My family early in the morning。A. get B. gets C. has got D. have got 10 Maths my favorite subject。A. be B. is C. am D. are 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - -

14、 - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - 11. How time flies! Three years really a short time. A. is B. are C. was D. were 12. liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. Of them are the pride of China. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None 13. Are the twins on the football team? -No, n

15、either of them on the team. A. is B. are C. were D. be 14. Not only his parents but also his grandfather to a lot of places of interest in our country since hey came here. A. has gone B. has been C. have gone D. have been 15.There are enough in the fridge. We don t need to buy any. A. milk B. tomato

16、es C. tomatos D. apple 16. A report says hundreds and thousands of trees in the Amazon rainforest last year. A. was cut down B. have been cut down C. were cut down D. had been cut down Units3-4 复习要点1、介 绍家庭成 员This/That is my sister/brother/motherThese/Those are my parents/grandparentsIs this/that you

17、r sister/brother? Yes, it is./No, it isn t. Are these/those your parents/grandparents? Yes, they are. /No, they aren t. There are 3/4/5 people in my family. They are my father, my mother,and I. 2、关于方位介 词或短 语表方位的介 词或短 语有：in,on ,under,behind,near,next to,in front of,across from,My book is on my desk,

18、my pen is in my bookWhere is the backpack/pencil? It s in/on/under. Where are the books/pens/balls? They are in/on/under. 3、把 带去给某人 take to e.g:Please take these things to your sister. 把带来给 某人bring to e.g:Can you bring my homework to school? 二、代 词 ( 有两种 ：人称代词和物主代 词。)1、人 称代词分为：第一、第二、第三人称，且有 单复数 之分。2、

19、 人称代词的主格在句中做主语， 一般用在 动词前 （疑 问句除外）；宾格在句中做 宾语 ，多用于 动词 、介词后。3、形容 词性物主代 词起形容 词的作用，后面一定要跟名词，表示该名词是属于谁的。4、名 词性物主代 词=形容词性物主代 词+名词。如：This is my bag. = This is mine. That is her ruler. = That is hers. 一般看后面有 没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代 词；如无，就用名 词性物主代 词。请牢记下表：练一练：1、按要求 写出相应人称代词。I（宾格） _ she（形容 词性物主代 词）_ we（名 词性物主代 词）_ h

20、e（复数）_ us（单数 ）_ theirs （主格） _ its （宾格）2、想一想，把下表补充完整。3、用所 给词的适当形式填空。1）That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I ) 2）The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3）Is this _ watch? ( you ) No, it s not _ . ( I ) 4）_ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he ) 5）_

21、 dresses are red. ( we ) What color are _? ( you ) 6）Show _ your kite, OK? ( they ) 7） I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it ) 8） Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ aren t here. ( they ) 9）Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom.( we ) 10 ）_ is my aun

22、t. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. ( she ) 11 ）Where are _? I can t find _. Let s call _ parents. ( they ) 12 ） Don t touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger! ( it ) 13 ）_ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( she ) 14 ）The girl behind _ is our friend. ( she ) 三、其他代 词（有反身代 词，指示代 词，不定代 词，疑问代词，相互代 词和关系代词）1、反身代

23、词：表示某人自己的代词人称数单数复数第一人 称myself ourselves 第二人 称yourself yourselves 第三人 称himself herself itself themselves 反身代 词在句中可作 宾语 、同位 语、表语等，在使用 时应 注意 它和它所指代的名 词和代词在人称、性、 数上的一致性。Little Jimmy can dress himself now。小吉米 现在能自己穿衣服了。 （作 宾语 ）The boy in the picture is myself，not anyone else。照片上的男孩不是别人，正是我自己。 （作表 语）I mys

24、elf made the mistake about your address。我自己把 你的地址 搞错 了。 （作同位 语）四、指示代 词指示代 词 是用 来指示或 标示人或事物的代词，表示“这个（些）”“那 个（些）”，他们主要有：单数复数近指this 这个these 这些精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - 远指that 那 个those 那些1.this, these往往指 时间 或空 间较 近的人或物； that,those

25、可指时间 或空 间较远 的人和物。This gift is for you and that one is for your brother. 这件礼物是 你 的,那件是 你弟弟的 .(this 近指 ,that 远指 ) I like these games but Idon t like those. 我喜 欢这 些游 戏,但不喜 欢那些 .(these近指 ,those远指) 2.that,those常常用 来代替前面已提到过 的名 词,以避免重 复。those 代指 复数 形式， that 代指 单数 形式。The computer works faster than those we

26、 bought last year 。这些计算机比我 们去年 买的工作速度快。The life in the country is more peaceful than that in the city 。乡村生活比城市的生活要安静 。对于上文中所提到的事物，英语中常用 that 或 those 表示，而汉语却常用“这”表示。如：I had a bad cold。That s why I didn t attend the lecture。我感冒了， 这 就是我 为什么没 去听 讲座的原因。Those are the DVDs you want。这就是你要的 DVD 碟片。Units 5-6

27、重点句型：Do you have a basketball? Yes, I do. / No, I don t. Let s watch TV. No, that sounds boring. That sounds great. Do you like hamburgers? Yes, I do. / No, I don t. I like French fries. I don t like tomatoes. 重点语法:名词一.名词的分 类:名词 分为专 有名 词和普通名 词。专有名 词指个人，地方,机构等专有名 称. 如： China, Shanghai, Li lei。普通名 词又分

28、为个体名词: 某类人或东西中的 个体.如 fighter, gun, country, 集体名 词:若干 个体组成的集合体 .如 family, team, police, class 物质名词：无法分 为个体的实物。如cotton, tea, air, 抽象名 词 : 动作, 状态 , 品质, 感情等抽象概念. 如: health, happiness. 个体名词和集体名 词又叫做可 数名词 . 物质名词和抽象名 词又叫做不可 数名词. 二.名词的数。可数名词都有 单数和复数之分。: 规则的可数名词变复数 的规则如下：1. 一般情 况加 s : books, mouths, houses,

29、girls 2. 以 s，sh，ch, x 结尾的 es: classes, boxes, matches 3. 辅 音字母+ y 结 尾的 变 y 为 i,再加es: cities,countries, parties,factories 4. 以o结 尾 的 词 多 数 +es heroes Negroes potatoes tomatoes zeroes / zeros 以o 结 尾 并且 词 尾有 两 个元音字母+s radios, zoos, bamboos , (pianos ,kilos photos是特殊 ) 5. 以 f, fe 结尾的改 f, 或 fe 为 v,再+es,

30、例如:leaves, lives, wives knives, halves, wolves The thief s wife killed three wolves with some leaves and knives in half of her life. 但是,也有一些 +s, 如 roofs, proofs, gulfs, beliefs, handkerchiefs / handkerchieves : 不规则的可数名词变复数 的规则 ：1. man men, womanwomen, toothteeth, footfeet, child children, mousemice,

31、 2. 单 复 数 相 同 : sheep, fish, deer, means, Chinese, Japanese, fish 如表示不同 种类的鱼时复数 是 fishes; There are many kinds of fishes in that lake. 3. 以 man, woman 修饰名词构成合成 词时,两个词 都变化. man servant men servants(男 仆 ). (boy/girl students) woman doctorwomen doctors. 4. 复合名词的复数 形式: son-in-law-sons-in-law (主体名 词变化) f

32、ilm-goer-film-goers, grown-up-grown-ups (如果 没有主体名 词,在词尾加复数) 5. 字母,阿拉伯 数字的复数 形式一般加“ s ”或“s” . There are two l s in the word “all ” . It happened in the 1960 s /1960s. I will not accept your if s and but s. 6. 物质名词一般 没有复数，有时用复数形式表示不同 种类，wheats, fruits, vegetables,有时表示更广的 词义，wood woods, water waters, s

33、and sands 7.定冠词加姓氏的 复数表示一家人。the Turners, the Smiths, the Wangs. 8.集体名 词 people, police, cattle 总是作复数，( people 作民族， 种族时有单复数两种 形式) Many cattle are kept. Several police were on duty. The Chinese are a brave and hard-working people. The English are a funny people. 9.集体名 词 class, public, family, populati

34、on, team, crew, committee 等单复数 都有，但意 义不同。The class is big.- The class are taking notes in English. The population in China is larger.- 80% of the population in China are peasants. 10. hair ， fruit 通常作 单数，表示 总体。His hair is grey. a rich harvest of fruit 如果表示若干根头发，表示 种类的水果 时，可以加 复数词 尾。He had a few whit

35、e hairs. What fruits are on sale in this season ? 11. 以 s 结尾的学科名词只作单数。mathematics , physics, politics, 等。 （news ）12.glasses， trousers ， scissors ， shoes ， spectacles，等常用 复数；但如果 这些词前用 a pair of / this pair of/that pair of等修 饰时谓语动词 有 pair 来决定。Where are my glasses ？My new pair of trousers is too long.

36、Here are some new pairs of shoes. 13. 不可数名词没 有复数形式，如果表示“一 个”的 概念，可用 单位词。a piece of news / information / advice / bread / cake / paper / meat / coala bottle of ink, a grain of rice , a cake of soap说明：可数名词和不可 数名词之间并没 有截然的界限；可数名词可以转变为 不可 数名词，同样不可 数名词也可以 转变为 可数名词，要看 清整个上下文的具体 内容。三. 名词的所有格。.有生命的名 词所有格的 构

37、成：A. 一般在 词 尾 s. the teacher s office, Xiao Li s sister s husband s mother. B. 以 s 结尾的 复数 名词只加workers rest homes. the massesrequest 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - C. 不以 s 结尾的 复数 名词加 s. children s toys Women s Day D:复合名 词只在最后一 个词 的后面

38、加 s. my sister-in-law s brother. E:表示共同所有的几个名词，只在最后一 个词 的后面加 s. This is Tom, James and Dick s room. F:表示各 个 所有 关系的几 个名词，在每 个名词后分 别加 s. Jenny s, Jean s and Mary s rooms face to the south. G:名词短语只在最后一 个词 后加 s. a quarter of an hour s talk. . 名词所有格的用法：1. 名词所有格主要用于表示有生命的名词，表示所 属关 系。Lei Feng s dairy. the

39、Working People s Palace of Culture. 2. 也可用于表示 时间 的名词。today s paper. an hour s drive. Friday s work. 3. 也可用于表示地理、国家、城市等名 词。the country s plan. the farm s fruit. China s population. 4. 也可用于表示由人组成的集体名 词。our Party s stand （党的立 场 ）5. 也可用于表示度量、价值的名 词。two dollarsworth of books. a pound s weight. (现代英 语中， 这

40、种 用法越 来越多。 ) .凡不能用 s 属格的情 况可用of 属格表示所 属关 系。the City of New York. a map of China. 特别是下列情 况要用 of 属格：当名词有较长 的定 语时 ，the name of the girl standing at the gate. Have you read the articles of the students who were with us yesterday. 所修 饰的名 词前有 数量 词时 ，a play of Comrade Li s. some friends of my brothers . 所修

41、 饰的名 词前有一 个 指示代 词时 ，that performance of the teachers . .双重所有格：当 of 前面的名 词有不定冠 词、指示代 词、疑 问代词、不定代词或数词 如 a, an, this, that, these, those, two, three, four, any, some, several, no, few ,another等修 饰时 ，用 双重所有格， 双重所有格只用于表示人的名词并 且都是特指的。a poem of Lu Xun s . a friend of his/hers . Which novel of Dicken s are

42、you reading ? some friends of my brothers . 5. 几种特殊情 况：the key to the door. keys to the exercises. notes to the text answers to the question tickets for the film/movie a check for $1500. anyone else s book. the monument to the people s heroes. the entrance to the station/cinema 在现代英 语中 of 属 格大都可用s 所

43、有格代替。相关练习 ：1-I feel tired. I have so much work to do and don t have much time for myself, -you should take _i think. A health B time C lesson D erecise 2-Ask the naughty boys not to manke any _. I can t fall asleep. A noise B sound C voice D singing 3.During Christams people get together and sing Ch

44、ristams songs for _ A thanks B wishes C interest D fun 4.we have _at seven in the morning. A breakfast B lunch C supper D dinner 5 Please give me a_ when you arrive. -OK. I ll tell everything as soon as I get there. A hand B present C ring D ride 6.We watch evening news on Channel I of _at 7:00 in t

45、he evering . A.MTV B CAAC C.CCTV D. WTO 7-Can you tell me when _is ? -Yes. It s on the third Sunday in June. A Mother s Day B.Father s Day C. Tree Planthing Day D .Thanksgiving Day 8.Where is Tom ? He s left a _ saying that he has something important to do . A excuse B sentence C message D news 9 If

46、 you want to know the meaning of a word ,you can look it up in a _. A diary B diagram C newspaper D dictionary 10.The waiter or the waitress usually gives us a _ before we order dishes in a restaurant. A menu B bill C list D form 11.Some _are flying kites near the river A child B boy C boys D childs

47、 12.-What would you like to drink,girls? A Two cup of coffee B Two cups of coffee C Two cups of coffee D Two cup of coffees 13.My school is about twenty _walk from here A minute B minutes C minute s D minutes 14.It s _bedroom . It s clean and tidy. A .Lily ang lucy B .Lily ang Lucy s C .Lily s ang L

48、uck D. Lily ang Luck s 15. They are those _bags. Please put them on the bus A visitor B visitors C visitor s D visitors 16. A lot of stone tables and chairs are _of the river and the number of them is growing _ A on both side ,greater B on each sides ,more C on both sides, larger D on each side , mo

49、re 17. I am thirsty. Would you bring me _, please? A some bread B some water C some cakes D some eggs 18.These Germans want to have some _for supper, so they decide to catch_now. A. fish ,many B. fishes ,much C fish , much D fishes ,many 19. The guide has some new _.She can show them to us A rice B

50、food C jacket D pictures 20 I m afraid that there is no _for you in my car ,because there are already five people A land B fround C room D floor Units7 8 重点句型1 How much is the red sweater?It s eight dollars. 2 How much are these white pants?They re ten dollars. 3 Can I help you ?What color do you wa