(完整版)外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习(含练习).pdf

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1、1下册重要知识点梳理词类1)物主代词：表示所属关系的代词（属于谁的）形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：形容词性物主代词：必须和名词在一起。My father, your teacher. 物主代词名词性物主代词 :相当于与之相对应的形容词性物主代词+名词。This shirt is mine. =This is my shirt. 练习（1）选择题。（）1. Look at . A. him B. he C. his （）2. I drive to the park every day. A. they B. their C. them （）3. classroom is big. A.

2、 we B. us C. Our （）4. I love . 人称单数复数形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词形容性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称my mine our ours 第二人称your yours your yours 第三人称his his their Theirs her hers its its 语法知识点1.词类：物主代词、情态动词can 和方位介词短语2.时态：一般将来时态和一般过去时态3.句型：特殊疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和选择疑问句精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，

3、共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 2A. she B. her C. hers （）5. Do you know ? A. I B. my C. me （）6. I am son. A. they B. their C. them （）7. This is not _ desk. My desk is over there. A. I B. my C. me （）8. Can you spell _ name, Harry? Sorry. A. you B. your C. yours （）9. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _ ro

4、om. A. they B. them C. their （）10. We are in the same class. _ classroom is very nice. A. our B. my C. ours （）11. Mrs. Green is my teacher. Im _ student.A. he B. his C. him （）12. That s a cat. _ name is Mimi.A. It B. Its C. Its（2）用括号里的代词的适当形式填空1, Mr Yang is _(we) teacher._(him) is from Beijing. _(hi

5、s) teaches_(our) English. 2, Look,there is a cat._(they) is Lilys._(it) name is Mimi. 3, Let_(I) tell _(she) about_(he) life at school. 4, This is _(they) room.Where is _(our)? 5, Dont use the eraser._ is _(me). 6, The lady under the tree is _(me) aunt._(her) often sings with _(she) husband 2)情态动词 c

6、an 1.含义：表达人或物的能力，能或会2.特点：情态动词can 没有人称和数的变化，之后要加动词原形。3.否定形式： cannot(正式用法 )cant( 口语) 4.句型结构：肯定句：主语 + 情态动词+ 动词原形+ 其他 + 。She / They can swim well. 否定句：主语 + 情态动词+ not + 动词原形+ 其他 + 。She / They can not swim well. 一般疑问句：情态动词+ 主语 + 动词原形+ 其他 + ？精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - -

7、 -第 2 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 3Can she / they swim well? Yes, she / they can. / No, she / they cant.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + 情态动词+ 主语 + 动词原形+ 其他 + ? Why can she / they swim well? Who can swim well? 练习：( ) 1) The sign on the wall means you stay away from the building. A. must B. can t C. shouldnt( ) 2) How m

8、any books you see on the desk? A. may B. can C. should ( )3) - you see the sign over there? - Sorry, I cant. A. Can B. Can t C. Should4. I can run fast. I _ _ fast. (否定句 ) 5. He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句）_ he _ basketball well? 3)介词over 正上方on on the left of. 在左边next to/near 在附近，紧挨着in the fron

9、t of 在里面的前面under .在.正下方between .and .在两者之间Lingling sits between Tony and Daming. 玲玲坐在托尼和大明之间among 在三者或三者以上之间Miss Li is among lots of students. 李老师在许多同学之间注意：介词短语常和be 动词连用。behind/at the back of 在.后面on the right of. 在右边in front of. 在.前面精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -

10、第 3 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 4时态1) 一般将来时时间状语： in+一段时间； tomorrow ；in the future; next+时间； this+时间（表示将来时间的状语） be（is,am.are） going to 的用法。含义：计划，打算做某事将来时句型结构：一般将来时be going to+动词原形肯定句结构：主语 +be going to +动词原形 +其他. 否定句结构：主语 +be not going to + 动词原形 +其他 . 一般疑问句： be 动词提前Be +主语 +going to +动词原形 +其他？肯定回答： Ye

11、s，主语 +be. 否定回答： No，主语 +be not. 注意：表示计划到某地去， 谓语动词 go与 going 重复，一般只说 be going to +地点. come/go/arrive/leave 等表示位置转移的动词可用于现在进行表将来。Eg: I am going to London next year. She is going to check her email. Look! The bus is coming. 由 shall 和 will 引导的一般将来时含义：将会 特点：助动词 shall 和 will 没有人称和数的变化，之后要加动词原形。shall 在一般将来时

12、中，一般用于第一人称之后。例如： I/We shall have an English lesson. 我们将有一节英语课。否定形式： shall notshant will not won t将来时句型结构 : 肯定句：主语 +shall/will+do 否定句：主语 +shall/will+not+do （will not 可缩写成 won t）一般疑问句： shall/will+ 主语 + do 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + shall/will+ 主语 +do 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - -

13、-第 4 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 52) 一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2标志性时间状语： yesterday（昨天） , last week（上周） , last month （上个月）, last year（去年） , two months ago（两个月前） , the day before yesterday（前天） ，in 1990 (在 1990年), in those days （在那些日子里）等表示过去的时间状语连用。3动词结构： V-ed 动

14、词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加 -ed，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2结尾是 e加 d，如： taste-tasted 3末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 -ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾的，变 y 为 i， 再加-ed，如： study-studied 5不规则动词过去式：lose(丢失) -lost make(制造) -made mean(意思) -meant meet(见) -met pay(付) -paid say(说) -said sell(卖) -sold sen

15、d(送)-sent sit(坐) -sat sleep(睡) -slept smell(嗅) -smelt spell(拼写) -spelt spend(度过) -spent stand(站) -stood teach(教) -taught tell(告诉) -told win(赢) -won think( 想) -thought understand( 理解) -understood begin(开始) -began blow(吹) -blew break( 打破) -broke choose(选择) -chose do(做) -did draw( 画) -drew drink( 喝) -d

16、rank drive( 驾驶) -drove eat(吃) -ate fall( 落下) -fell fly( 飞) -flew 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 6forget(忘) -forgot give(给) -gave go(去) -went grow( 成长) -grew know( 知道) -knew lie(躺) -lay-lain ring( 按铃) -rang write( 写) -wrote ride(骑)

17、-rode see( 看见 )-saw show(出示) -showed wake(弄醒) -woke sing(唱) -sang speak(讲话) -spoke steal(偷) -stole wear(穿) -wore swim(泳) -swam take(拿) -took throw( 扔) -threw become(成为) -became come(来) -came run( 跑) -ran 4. 句式变化规则：Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：（1）am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt ）（2）are 在一般过去时中变为were。（were not

18、=werent ）（3）带有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are 一样，即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 not，一般疑问句把was或 were 调到句首。句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didnt + 动词原形，如： Jim went home yesterday. Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如： Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句？如： Jim

19、 went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? What did Jim do yesterday? 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 7练习：一、填空1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What

20、_ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball. 3. Nancy is going to go camping. （改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping. 4. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them. 5. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow. （改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 6. We

21、will meet at the bus stop at 10:30. （改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Tom _ (visit) a farm last week. 2. The twins _ (water) the flowers in the garden yesterday morning. 3. I _ (watch) a film with my friend last Friday. 4. My father _ (be) in London last year. 5. What_ (do)

22、 you do three days ago? 6. _ (be) there any parks here in 1950? 7. What_(do) you do just now? I _ (wash) my clothes. 三、改写句子1. We are all happy.( 改成一般过去时 ) We _ all happy. 2. I visit my grandparents every week. ( 用 last week 代替 every week) _ 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - -

23、 - - - -第 7 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 83 There were some zebras in the zoo last year. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) _ 四、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 2. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week. 3. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to scho

24、ol by bike. 4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects? 5. It s Friday today. What _sh e _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects. 6. What _ (do) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows. 7. M

25、ary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 8. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 9. I _ (plan) for my study now. 句型1)特殊疑问句。含义：以特殊疑问词开头的疑问句。特殊疑问词总结： what 什么（职业，姓名等）what day 星期几What day is it today? what size 多大尺码What size are your shoes? what time =when 什么时间what colour 什么颜色what size 多大号 when 什么时

26、候（就时间提问）精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 9where 什么地方（就地点提问）who 谁（问人的身份，姓名等）which 哪一个why 为什么（就原因提问，常用because回答）how 怎么样how many 多少（提问可数名词数量）How many books do you have ? 多少 （提问不可数名词数量） How much water is there in the glass? How much 多少钱（

27、提问价格）How old 几岁（提问年龄）多长（提问长度） How long is this ruler? How long 这把尺子有多长？多长时间（时间持续多久）How long do you go to school ? 你去学校要多长时间？How often 多久（提问频率既单位时间发生多少次）How soon （还要多久时间才能开始或结束）How soon will he come back ? How far （提问距离有多远）他多久才能回来？How heavy （提问有多重）句型结构：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句？Eg :Why do you like watching TV ?

28、练习：就划线部分提问。1He often has lunch in the factoryhe often lunch？2They will come back in a month will they come back ？3He hurt his leg last Sunday he hurt his leg ？4I got up at six this morning you up this morning ？5They were drawing a horse when I came in 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳

29、- - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 10 they when I came in ？6I didnt go to school because I had a bad cold you go to school？7Youd better take the No 3 bus bus I better take ？8Hes feeling well he feeling ？9The girl in a red coat is my sister is your sister ？10He comes to China once a

30、year he to China？11. He goes to see his grandma ( twice a week ). (对括号部分提问 ) _? 12. My father goes to work by car. ( 改为特殊疑问句) _? 13. It take ( 15 minutes ) for a ferry to cross the river. ( 对括号部分提问) _? 14. You can dial ( 110 ) to call the police. ( 对括号部分提问) _ _ can you dial to call the police 15. Te

31、d put his bag in the desk . ( 改为特殊疑问句) _ _ Ted _ in the desk? 16. The students ( went camping ) last week. ( 对括号部分提问 ) 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 11_? 17. Diogenes came from ( Greece ). (对括号部分提问 ) _ _ Diogenes _ _? 18. The way

32、 to keep fit is ( to eat food and take morn exercise). ( 对括号部分提问 ) _ _ the way to _ _? 2)祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you 常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形 +其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。（2）Be + adj. Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！（3）Lets + 动词原形Let s go to school

33、together. 咱们一起上学去吧。2. 否定的祈使句：有be 动词直接加 not,没有加 dont3)感叹句由what 引导的感叹句：what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+ 主语 +谓语 ！. What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀！由how 引导的感叹句：How+adj. （adv.）+主语+谓语 ！. How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀！How well she s

34、ings! 她唱得多好呀！练习1. _ fast the boy ran! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances! A. How, how B. What, what C. How, what D. What, how 3. _ delicious the soup is! Id like some more.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the man s

35、aid. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - - 125. _ foolish they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4)选择疑问句选择疑问句是指提供两种或多种情况供对方选择的疑问句，选项之间要用连词or 连接。注意： or 连接的是两种同类的事物，且回答不能用yes或 no。Are you a doctor or a teacher ？ 你是医生还是教师？ I m a teacher. Which would you like ， tea or coffee？ 你想要哪样，是茶还是咖啡？ I d like some tea.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - -