(完整版)外研版八年级下册英语Module3Journeytospace知识点讲解与练习(有答案).pdf

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1、Module 3 Journey to space 词汇讲解1.shelf/? elf/n.隔板；架子【考点分析】 shelf 为可数名词，其复数形式为shelves 。【拓展】可数名词以f/fe 结尾的，要把 f/fe 改为 v，再加 es 【例题】 There are two _ （刀） and three forks on the desk. 【knives】2.most of 中的大多数【考点分析】 most of 修饰主语时谓语动词的单复数不可数名词接单数谓语动词most of + 复数名词接复数谓语动词eg. Most of the time has gone. 大部分时间已经过去

2、了。Most of them are leaving for Guangzhou. 他们中的大多数人要去广州。【例题】 Most of the food delicious in the restaurant. 【C】A.tasteB.soundC.tastesD.sounds 3.（高频） must 一定，必定【考点分析】辨析must，may 和 cant must 一定 ， 必定,表示有把握的肯定推测，用在肯定句中。The lady looks young.She must be under thirty. 这位女士看上去很年轻，她肯定不到30 岁。may 可能 ,表示可能性较小的推测He

3、 may be on his way to school. 他可能在去上学的路上。cant 不可能 ,表示一种有把握的否定推测。I wonder if this smart phone is Marys. 我想知道这部智能手机是否是玛丽的。It cant belong to her. Hers is totally different from this one. 它一定不属于她。她的和这部完全不同。【例题】 Are the glasses Tims ？No，they _ be his.He doesnt wear glasses. 【D】A.mustB.can C.mustntD.cant

4、4.show sb. sth.向某人展示某物【考点分析】表示“向某人展示某物”有两种说法：show sb.sth.show sth.to sb.表示方向性的动词精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 后跟双宾语时，表人的宾语（即间接宾语）放在直接宾语后面时，前面要加介词to 或 for。eg：Please show that letter to me. 请把那封信拿给我看看。【例题】同义句转换。She showed us her new

5、 sweater last week. She showed her new sweater_ _ last week. 【to us】5.with /wIe/prep.用【考点分析】 with 介词，常见用法见下表：表示“和”，后跟代词或名词。Come with me，please. 请跟我来。表示“带有，有”。a house with a small garden 带有一个小花园的房子表示“使用某种工具”。Please cut the apple into halves with the knife. 请用刀把这个苹果切成两半。用于某些固定搭配。with the help of. 在的帮助

6、下6.（高频） value/v?lju ? /n.价值；有用性【考点分析】 value为名词，其形容词为valuable，固定短语be of value 意为“有价值”，相当于be valuable。value 前可有 great， little ， no 修饰。be of value to do sth. 做某事有价值be of value to sb. 对某人有价值【例题】 This kind of suit will be sold for $600 ，which is far more than its real _. 【A】A.valueB.cost C.money D.price

7、7. make sb.do sth.使某人做某事【考点分析】 make是使役动词，后常接省略to 的不定式作宾语补足语。下列动词（词组）也可接不带 to 的动词不定式作宾补：精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 【例题】 The show was so funny that it made everyone _again and again. 【A】A.laughB.laughed C.laughingD.to laugh 8.as

8、a result 因此，结果【考点分析】辨析 result，as a result和 as a result of eg:I was late,with the result that I missed my train. 我迟到了，结果我没有赶上火车。There was a heavy rain yesterday. As a result, we had to stay at home. 昨天有一场大雨，结果我们不得不呆在家里。Jack couldn t go to word as a result of the fall from the bike. 由于杰克从自行车上摔下来，他不能去工

9、作了【例题】 He was late _the heavy snow. 【C】A.resultB.as a result C.as a result ofD.result from 9.pleasure/ple?/n.愉悦；快乐【考点分析】辨析 pleasure ，pleasant与 pleased pleasure 作“高兴，快乐，玩乐”讲时，是不可数 名词；表示“乐事，高兴的事”时是可数名词。Thank you for helping me. Its a pleasure. 不客气。pleasant 意为“令人愉快的”，是个常用且含义广泛的形容词 ，常作定语，也可作表语。It is ver

10、y pleasant to sit down after standing for hours. 站了几小时后坐下来很舒服。pleased 表示“感到高兴的，欣喜的”，作形容词 用，指以任何方式表现出来或未表现出来的满足与快乐，一般作表语，常与不定式、介词短语或从句连用，以说明原因，其主语是人The two friends were very pleasedto see each other again. 这两个朋友再次见面非常高兴。【例题】 I had a_ （pleasure ） weekend on the farm. 【pleasant 】Thank you for supportin

11、g the volunteer project. _. 【B】A.All rightB.My pleasure C.Never mindD.It doesnt matter 10.（高频） success /s?kses/n.成功精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 【考点分析】辨析success ，successful ，successfully和 succeed 11.be interested in 对感兴趣【考点分析】此短语中

12、in 为介词，其后跟名词或动词的-ing 形式。eg：She is interested in playing basketball. 她对打篮球感兴趣。辨析 interest，interesting和 interested “兴趣”不同interest 即可用作可数名词，又可用作不可数名词，表示“兴趣；爱好”interesting 表示“有趣的”，主语为物，在句中可用作定语，也可做表语interested 表示“对感兴趣”，主语为人【例题】 David visited lots of _ in the world. 【B】A.places of interestingB.places of

13、interest C.place of interests D.place of interesting 12.run out of 用完；用光【考点分析】 run out of， run out， give out 和 use up都有“用完；用尽”之意，但用法不同：run out 不及物动词短语，表示“用光；用完；耗尽”，主语通常为时间、金钱和食物等无生命的名词run out of 及物动词短语，表示“用光；用完；耗尽”，表示主动，主语为人。后接名词、代词作宾语give out 相当于 run out，表示“用完；耗尽”，主语为物use up 表示“用光；用尽；耗尽”，主语经常为人【例题】

14、你认为他会把所有的钱花光吗？Do you think that he will _ all the money? What shall we do if our food supplies _ ？A.turn outB.run out C.come outD.call out 【run out of/use up 】【B urn out 证明是； run out 用完； come out出版； call out 叫喊】精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页 - - - - -

15、 - - - - - 语法简单句结构英语是一种结构型的语言， 动词在句型构成中起着重要作用。现在对已经学过的几种基本句型总结如下：【1】主语系动词表语（状语）eg：Tom is very happy today.汤姆今天很高兴。常见的系动词有： feel， look， smell， sound， taste， become ， be， get（变得）， turn（变得），go（变得）等。其后可跟形容词、数词、名词、代词或介词短语等作表语。eg：The beef noodles taste delicious. 牛肉面尝起来很好吃。（delicious 用作表语）【例题】指出句子画线部分的句子成

16、分。 The hotpot in the restaurants of Neijiang tastes delicious. 【表语】【2】主语谓语（不及物动词）（状语）eg：The rain has stopped. 雨已经停了。The first book came out in 2009. 第一本书在 2009年出版了。【例题】指出下列句子画线部分的句子成分。The plane has taken off. 【谓语】【3】（状语）主语谓语（及物动词）宾语（状语）eg：My father likes watching TV. 我父亲喜欢看电视。（1）句型中的动词必须是及物动词，后接动作的承

17、受者，即宾语。（2）有些动词不定式在句中作宾语，有些则用作状语。后跟不定式作宾语的动词有：want，like，agree ，offer，decide，try，would like，hope ，plan，learn等。【4】主语谓语（及物动词）间接宾语直接宾语（状语）间接宾语一般为表 人的宾语，直接宾语一般为表物的宾语，二者也经常被称为“双宾语”。通常排列顺序为间接宾语在前， 直接宾语在后； 当直接宾语在间接宾语前面时，间接宾语前通常要用介词to或 for。eg：Pass me the salt, please. Pass the salt to me, please. 请递给我盐。【5】主语谓

18、语（及物动词）宾语宾语补足语（状语）精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - eg：The news made everyone happy. 这个消息让大家都很高兴。宾语和宾语补足语在语法上合称复合宾语，二者有逻辑上的主谓关系。 可以用作宾语补足语的有： 名词、代词、形容词、动词不定式、动名词等。注意： （1） 在动词 find， think， make， consider， feel 等动词后跟形容词作宾语补足语时，可以用 it 作形

19、式宾语，而把真正作宾语的动词不定式放在后面。eg：I find it difficult to remember these words. 我发现记住这些单词是困难的。（2）用不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语， 常见的有感官动词 （feel， hear， see ， watch， notice等）和使役动词（ have， let， make 等）。eg：I often see the children play basketball on the playground. 【例题】 My parents always tell me _ more vegetables and fruit.

20、【D】A.eatB.eatingC.eatsD.to eat 【6】Therebe主语（状语）there be结构表示“某时或某地有某物”，状语通常表示地点，可以用于一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时等多种时态。there be 和 have/has 辨析：There be 结构表示表示“ 某时或某地有某物 ”。主语为某物。have/has 表示“某人有某物”。 主语为某人 。【例题】 Is there a watermelon on the table? _. 【A】A.Yes，there is B.Yes，it is C.No，there isD.No，it isnt There _ so

21、me beef in the fridge. Lets make some beef noodles. A.amB.isC.areD.be 语法练习一、写出画线部分在句子中所作的成分1It has brought him enjoyment._ 【谓语】2My little pet dog is very cute and pretty_ 【表语】3The news makes us excited._ 【主语】4My father goes to bed at eleven. _ 【状语】5He showed me his photos which were taken in Hong Ko

22、ng._ 【间接宾语】二、选出下列句子的基本结构【AABA】精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 6Our English teacher kept the naughty boy out. A主语谓语宾语宾语补足语B主语系动词表语C主语谓语 (不及物动词 )状语D主语谓语 (及物动词 )间接宾语直接宾语7I have breakfast at home. A主语谓语宾语状语B主语系动词表语C主语谓语 (不及物动词 )状语D主语 谓语

23、 (及物动词 )间接宾语直接宾语8Watching TV is my hobby. A主语谓语宾语状语B主语系动词表语C主语谓语 (不及物动词 )状语D主语谓语 (及物动词 )间接宾语直接宾语9My mother made a big cake last night. A主语谓语宾语状语B主语谓语 (不及物动词 )状语C主语谓语 (及物动词 )间接宾语直接宾语D主语系动词表语三、按所给的句型结构造句1主语系动词表语【The flowers look very beautiful.】_ 2主语谓语状语【My brother sits in the back row.】_ 3主语谓语宾语【Do y

24、ou know her address? 】_ 4主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语【She bought her son a new bike. 】_ 5主语谓语宾语宾语补足语【I asked Jim to help me. 】_ 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 单元检测一、单项选择。【 CABBA CBDDB CBBDD】1Whats your _ ？I like listening to music. AjobBageChobbyD

25、fan 2Bob has got good exam results. His parents are proud of his _. Asuccess Bchance Cidea Ddream 3Uncle Bill enjoyed _ the violin when he was young. Ato play Bplaying Cplay Dplays 4Many students like playing basketball, _ Tom, Bob and John. AsuchBsuch asCseemDfor example 5Dapeng Talk Show is very p

26、opular. It often makes people _. Alaugh Blaughing Cto laugh Dlaughed 6Sally is helping her mother _ the living room. Alook up Blook after Ctidy up Dmake up 7Dad, I got hired as a bus driver. Congratulations! Make yourself _ so that the company wont want to lose you. Afashionable Bvaluable Cchangeabl

27、e Dpossible 8On September 3 there were some_in China to celebrate the 70- year victory of the Anti- Japanese War. Aactions Bprojects Ctraditions Dactivities 9Cao Wenxuans new book has just_. Lets go and buy one. Acome over Bcome down Ccome on Dcome out 10The boys played so carelessly in the game yes

28、terday._， they lost the game. AHowever BAs a result CBecause of DAs a result of 11Do you remember _ me somewhere in Shanghai? Of course. Two years ago. Ato see Bsee Cseeing Dsaw 12She is very good at painting.She can paint_her teacher. Aas better as Bas well as Cas good as Das best as 13Not only his

29、 parents but also he_watching sports programmes. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - Alike Blikes Cdont like Dnot like 14Look! Why are there so many people? There are some policemen. I think there _ a traffic accident. Amust have Bcan h

30、ave Cis going to be Dmust be 15Could you please sweep the floor? Im going to cook dinner. _Ill do it at once, Mum. AIm afraid not BYoure kidding CIts a shame DWith pleasure 二、阅读理解。【DCCAB】A(词数：约 210；建议用时： 5 分钟) We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports and hobbies for boys and gi

31、rls in your local (当地的 ) area from 6 17 years of age. Weve had first experience of junior sports ourselves across a wide kind of activities. So weve set up Hobbiesfor Kids to help you find your way through the sporting in your place. Whether you want to take up a sport or hobby just for interest or

32、to compete at a high standard (水平), there are usually major decisions that you need to take if you are new to a sport or new to a local area. Hobbiesfor Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored ( 学费定制 ) to t

33、he needs of juniors, buying the correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development. Hobbiesfor Kids covers Junior Football, Junior Golf, Junior Cricket and Junior Swimming. Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so keep c

34、hecking back! We hope you find Hobbiesfor Kids useful and infor-mative. 46. Hobbiesfor Kids is _. Aa TV program about sports and hobbies Ba course especially designed for parents Ca magazine on hobbies for kids Da guide to kids，sports and hobbies 47Who would be interested in Hobbiesfor Kids?ATeacher

35、s. BParents. CTeenagers. DAthletes. 48With the help of Hobbiesfor Kids, you will _Acompete at a high standard Bdevelop a new hobby quickly Cknow how to pick a right club Dknow the needs of juniors 49If you want to get information on junior basketball, you should _. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - -

36、- - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - Ainput your requests and check back Bclick the site now and then Cgive some advice to the site Dscan other information first 50Where does the passage probably come from? AA textbook. BThe Internet. CA magazine. DAn advertisement. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -