语言学导论学习.pptx
《语言学导论学习.pptx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《语言学导论学习.pptx(22页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、Language and societySociolinguistics 社会语言学to study the relation between language and society,between the uses of language and the social structures in which the users of language live第1页/共22页Two approachesMacro sociolinguistics 宏观社会语言学(a birds-eye view)To consider how language functions in the socie
2、ty and how it reflects the social differentiations.Micro sociolinguistics 微观社会语言学(a worms-eye view)From the point of view of an individual member within itHow language functions in the communication between members of the society第2页/共22页 Two main subjects Speech community 言语社区the social group that i
3、s singled out for any special sociolinguistic study Speech variety 言语变体any distinguishable form of speech used by a speaker or a group of speakers.3 main types:regional dialects,sociolects-usersregisters-use第3页/共22页Major concernsVarieties of language Standard dialect Pidgin and CreoleBilingualism an
4、d Diglossia第4页/共22页Varieties of language Dialectal varieties 方言变体Register 语域Degree of formality 正式度第5页/共22页Dialectal varietiesRegional dialect 地域方言Sociolect 社会方言Language and gender 语言与性别Language and age 语言与年龄Idiolect 个人语言Ethnic dialect 种族方言第6页/共22页Regional dialect 地域方言The linguistic variety used by
5、people living in the same geographical region Causes:geographical barriersloyalty to ones native speechphysical&psychological resistanceAt present:decreasing of geographical variation in languageDialectal varieties第7页/共22页Sociolect 社会方言 the linguistic variety characteristic of a particular social cl
6、asssame geographical regionsame regional dialect Features:phonetic features:-n-inggrammatical level:I cant eat nothing.accent:Received Pronunciation(RP)标准发音 (upper class speech,high-status marker)Dialectal varietiesspeak differently第8页/共22页Language and gender 语言与性别 Intonation 语调Female:a wider range;
7、low-rise intonationLexicon 词汇Female:more adjectives of evaluation:nice,lovely,cute,fantastic more intensifiers:awfully,really,On the wholeFemale:more correct,less assertive,more politeDialectal varieties第9页/共22页Language and age 语言与年龄Lexical difference:e.g.,icebox-fridge火星文:符号、繁体字、日文、韩文、冷僻字或汉字拆分后的部分等
8、非正规化文字符号组合而成(似乱码或错字,不规范,字面无法了解)偶口以跟你作朋友吗?3Q 你是我的好麻吉!私今天没事做。海皮,粉,河蟹,小盆友,Dialectal varieties第10页/共22页Idiolect 个人语言A personal dialect of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional,social,gender,and age variationsE.g.,Hemingway,LuxunIn a narrow sensevoice quality,pitch,speech tempo,
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 语言学 导论 学习
限制150内