定语从句之关系副词(教育精.ppt

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1、The Attributive Clause 定语从句讲解定语从句讲解 -之关系副词之关系副词错题再现1.Popmusicissoimportantapartofsociety_ithasinfluencedourlanguage.2.Iminterestedinall_/_youhavesaid.3.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_(own)cars_(be)increasingquickly.4.Dickistheonlyoneoftheteacherswho_(know)Chinese.HeisoneofMarysfriendswho_(have)beentoChina.

2、5.Thatyounggirlisnottheone_sheusedtobe.6.Wedontknowthepreciseuse_GooglemakesofChinesefamousworks.7.Who_hasseenthefilmdoesntadmirehim?thatthat whatownisknowshavethatthat/which/省略省略that在定语从句中，在定语从句中，先行词先行词-表示表示时间、地点时间、地点或或原因原因的的名词名词从句中缺从句中缺状语（即从句句子完整，状语（即从句句子完整，符合五大基本句型）符合五大基本句型）要用要用关系副词关系副词when,where

3、,whywhen,where,whyDetailedExplanation关系副词关系副词在定语从句中只能充当状语状语。当修饰一个表示时间时间的名词时，常用关系副词 whenwhen在定语从句中充当时间状语时间状语；当修饰一个表示地点地点的名词时，常用关系副词 wherewhere 在定语从句中充当地点状地点状语语；当修饰表示原因原因的名词时，常用关系副词whywhy,在定语从句中充当原因状原因状语语。关系副词在句中一般不能省略关系副词在句中一般不能省略。whenwhen先行词先行词-时间，时间，从句中做时间状语，从句中做时间状语，we used“foreign oil”are gone fo

4、rever whenThe days whenThere was a time women were not allowed to work.The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.A.until B.that C.when D.wherec_ whenwhen“介词介词+which”Ill never forget the day which(=when)I lived in the mountains.That was a happy year whic

5、h I worked with you.on in不能看到时间就用不能看到时间就用when看从句缺什么成分看从句缺什么成分Ill never forget the day _ I lived in the mountains.Ill never forget the day _ I spent in the mountains.whenthat/which/省省略略ConclusionConclusion when引引导导的的定定语语从从句句修修饰饰表表示示时时间间的的名名词词(time,hour,day,year,moment,occasion时时刻刻，age年年代代，period阶阶段段,

6、stage时时期期，interval间间隙隙，etc),并并在在定定语语从从句句中中作作时时间间状语，相当介词（状语，相当介词（in/on/during)+which经典句型经典句型1.Gone are the days when-(-1.Gone are the days when-(-的日子一的日子一去不复返）去不复返）2.Occasions are rare when-(-2.Occasions are rare when-(-的时刻的时刻是罕见的）是罕见的）WhereWhere先行词先行词-地点地点从句缺状语从句缺状语The Greens live in a city _ there

7、are many cultural relics.This is the place _we used to play when we were young.where where wherewhere-“介词介词+which”I work in a company _almost everyone wants to work.where/in which不能看到地点就用不能看到地点就用where看从句缺什么成分看从句缺什么成分This is the house _ he was born.This is the house _ was set up by his parents.wheret

8、hat/which先行词是先行词是case,situation,degree,stage,condition,point,activity,在定语从句中作状语在定语从句中作状语Lets find out a situation _ (=in which)this word can be used.where where但并不是说，但并不是说，一定要用一定要用where要看定语从句中缺什么成分。要看定语从句中缺什么成分。Thats the point _ they argued about for a long time.要点要点that/which/省略省略Thats the point _(

9、=on which)I couldnt agree with you.Can you imagine the conditions _ there is no air?Life is a large stage _we can build ourselves where where whereConclusionConclusion where引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词(place,street,house,room,city,town,country,spot地点，地点，etc)并在定语从句中作地点状语并在定语从句中作地点状语,相当于介词相当于介词(in

10、/at)+which当先行词是表达到某一状态或程度的名词当先行词是表达到某一状态或程度的名词（case,condition,point,position,state,situation,stage程程度，度，system,degree或或activity,job，etc）并在定语并在定语从句中做状语，定语从句用从句中做状语，定语从句用where引导引导whywhy 先行词是先行词是reasonreason 从句缺状语从句缺状语Do you know the reason why he is so upset?这时这时why=for which why不能看到不能看到reason,就用就用why

11、.看从句缺什么成分看从句缺什么成分This is the reason _ he was late.This is the reason _he told us for his being late.why that/which如何选择关系代词如何选择关系代词VSVS关系副词关系副词?关系词的选择关键是：由关系词关系词的选择关键是：由关系词在从句中所充当的成分在从句中所充当的成分 定语从句中缺定语从句中缺 主，宾，表，主，宾，表，定定 定语从句缺定语从句缺 状语状语关系代词关系副词Ihavefoundtheplace_hevisitedlastweek.Ihavefoundtheplace_h

12、estayedlastweek.Thehouse_heboughtisverybig.Thehouse_helivedisverybig.Thedate_IllalwaysrememberisNov.22,1966.Thedate_IwasbornisNov.22,1966.Thedays_Ispentwithyouareunforgettable.Thedays_IstayedinAmericaareunforgettable.Thereason_heexplainedtomeisthathegotuplate.Thereason_hewaslateisthathegotuplate.Che

13、ck answersCheck answersthat/which/省略 wherethat/which/省略 wherethat/which/省略 whenthat/which/省略 whenthat/which/省略 why 介词介词+关系代词关系代词(which/whom/whose)The pen is missing now.I wrote with the pen.The pen which I wrote with is missing now.The pen with which I wrote is missing now.Xiao Li is my good friend.

14、I wrote a letter to him yesterday.Xiao Li is my good friend whom I wrote a letter to yesterday.Xiao Li is my good friend to whom I wrote a letter yesterday.I admired Mr Smith.I graduated from his class.I admired Mr Smith I graduated from whose class.I admired Mr Smith whose classI graduated from.I a

15、dmired Mr Smith from whose class I graduated.介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man

16、 who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toin Are these two sentences right?可见可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与介词之后(in that意为意为“因为因为”）介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 3Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用

17、(短语拆开后含义短语拆开后含义发生变化发生变化)（look after,look for,take care of)下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗?介介词词+关关系系代代词词的的情情况况4 4（介介词词的的判判定定）1.与定语从句中谓语动词或形容词的搭配（固定与定语从句中谓语动词或形容词的搭配（固定短语）短语）1)YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLakefor which Hangzhouisfamous.（befamousfor）2)Thecomputerfor which Ipaid5,000yuanismadeinShenzhen.（paysomemo

18、neyfor)2.与先行与先行词词的搭配（的搭配（约约定俗成，不一定是短定俗成，不一定是短语语）1）Thenaughtyboymadeaholeinthewallthroughwhichhecouldseewhatishappeningoutside.（throughthewall)2)Infrontofmyhouse,thereisatree,in which somebirdsaresinging.(inatree)介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况4 4（介词的判定（介词的判定)3.3.表示表示“所属所属”关系或关系或“整体中的一部分整体中的一部分”时，时，通常用介词通常用介词of.

19、of.Ihaveabout20books,half of which werewrittenbyBingXin,thefamouswriter.4.“of which/whom”4.“of which/whom”有时可以用有时可以用“whosewhose名名词词”结构来改写结构来改写.(whose+n=of which/whom whose+n=of which/whom+thethe+n+n 或或 thethe+n+of which/whom)+n+of which/whom)Thebuildingwhose roof wasdamagedintheearthquakehasbeenrepa

20、ired.Thebuildingof which the roof wasdamagedintheearthquakehasbeenrepaired.Exercises Exercises 1.Thisisthehouse_MaoZedongwasborn.2.Sheisthegirl_youlentyourbike.3.Thisisthepen_Iwrotetheletter.4.Welovethevillage_weworkedfor2years.5.Thosearethebooks_weweretalkingjustnow.6,Canyoulendmeachair_Icansit?Exe

21、rcises Exercises 7.Thebus_Ioftengotoschoolhasntcomeyet.8.Heisjustthestudent_youwanttomakefriends.9.Thelibrary_Iborrowedamagazineisnotverybig.10.Thetrain_shewastravelingwaslate.11.Thereisnodictionary_youcanfindeverything.12.Therewasnobody_Icouldturnforhelpinthestreetatsuchalatehour.13.Thehousewhosewi

22、ndowfacessouthismine.Thehousethewindow_facessouthismine.14.Doyouknowthegirlwhoseparentsaredoctors?Doyouknowthegirltheparents_aredoctors?15.Hehasalotofbooks,many_arewritteninEnglish.16.Theoldmanhasthreesons,one_(其中一个)isadoctor.17.Theoldladyhastwodaughters,_(两个都)aredevotedtoher.18.Mr.Whitehasfoursons,

23、butnone_aredevotedtohim.19.Chinahasalotofislands,thelargest_（最大的）isTaiwanisland.1.inwhich2.towhom3.withwhich4.inwhich5.aboutwhich6.onwhich7.onwhich8.withwhom9.fromwhich10.onwhich11.inwhich12.towhom13.ofwhich14.ofwhom15.ofwhich16.ofwhom17.bothofwhom18.ofthem19.ofwhichCheck answersCheck answersIsthist

24、hemuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneIsthismuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneBD类型类型1Isthisthemuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?Thisisthemuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?Isthismuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?Thismuseumis_youvisitedafewdaysago?theone(that/which)tha

25、t类型类型2The old man has four children,_ are doctors.A.three of whoB.three of whomC.three of themD.of them threeBTheoldmanhasfourchildren._aredoctors.A.threeofwhoB.threeofwhomC.threeofthemD.ofthemthreeC当中间为当中间为.；,and,but类型3Heisoneofstudentswho_goingtobeijing!Heistheonlyoneofstudentswho_goingtobeijing!a

26、reis类型类型4 way,从句缺状语时，关系词用从句缺状语时，关系词用that,in which,/.I dont like the way _ you speak to your father.This is the way _ he thought of to solve the problem.that/whichthat/inwhichThisistheway_canbeusedinourcompany.which类型类型5主谓一致的问题主谓一致的问题There are more than 200 volunteers who are helping with the work.从句

27、谓语动词和先行词保持一致从句谓语动词和先行词保持一致类型类型6正常情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词正常情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词词之后词之后但有时为了保持句子的平衡或行文但有时为了保持句子的平衡或行文需要，在其中间插入一些其他成分需要，在其中间插入一些其他成分I was the only person in our office who was invited.The day is sure to come when you will succeed.He laughs best who laughs last.类型类型7The earth is round._ is known to all.Th

28、e earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all,the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round._ is known to all is that the earth is round.Itwhich/as ItAs What类型类型8This is the same book as I lost.This is the same book that I lost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本这本书就是我丢的那本。类型

29、类型9This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatasthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)类型10方法：答非所问把t

30、hat放进去，是对上题的回答，是强调句不是对上题的回答，是定语从句。Wheredidyougettoknowher?Itwasonthefarm_weworked.Itwasonthefarm_weworked_Iknowher.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.whereItwasatfiveoclock_Ireachedthevillage.Itwasfiveoclock_Ireachedthevillage.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.why练习There are 100 teachers in There are 100 teachers in our scho

31、ol,_60 our school,_60 are women teachers.are women teachers.He has three children,two He has three children,two _ work as _ work as teachers.teachers.of whomof whomHe has three children,and He has three children,and two _ workes as two _ workes as teachers.teachers.of themThat table has four legs,Th

32、at table has four legs,all _ are very all _ are very short.short.Im painting a house,the Im painting a house,the roof _ is roof _ is round.round.of whichof whichThe library _ students The library _ students often study was on fire last often study was on fire last night.night.The library,_ was built

33、 The library,_ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _ you visited The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.yesterday was built in 1990.wherewhichwhichIll never forget the day Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the _ we first met in the

34、park.park.Ill never forget the time Ill never forget the time _ I spent on campus._ I spent on campus.Ill never forget the time Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you._ was spent with you.whenwhich/thatwhich/thatThe reason _ he The reason _ he gave me is not reasonable.gave me is not reasona

35、ble.The reason _The reason _he is late is reasonable.he is late is reasonable.which/thatwhy/for whichThe reason _ he The reason _ he was absent from school was absent from school yesterday was that he was yesterday was that he was ill.ill.The reason _ his The reason _ his absence from school yesterd

36、ay absence from school yesterday was that he was ill.was that he was ill.why/for whichforIs this the factory Is this the factory _ _ we visited last we visited last week?week?Is this factory _ Is this factory _ we visited last weekwe visited last week?Is this the factory _ Is this the factory _ his

37、father works?his father works?which/thatthe one(that)whereI dont like the way I dont like the way _ you talk to _ you talk to me.me.(in which)/(that)/(/)I dont like the way _ I dont like the way _ were taught by our teacher.were taught by our teacher.I dont like the way _ I dont like the way _ you t

38、alked with me about just you talked with me about just now.now.which/thatwhich/thatAza Aza Fighting!Aza Aza Fighting!14.Hegotangrywith_wasagainsthisopinion.A.who B.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho17.Thisisthelasttime_Illgiveyoualesson.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.as18.The family _IstayedwithinParisare coming t

39、o London.A.whoseB.which C.whatD.whom19.Thisistheveryknife_Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.withwhich20.Chinahasmanyrivers,_theYangtzeRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhich D.oneofwhich21.Theusetheyare_thewastehelpstosavealotofmoney.A.madeofB.madefromC.makingupofD.makingof22.

40、Thattree,thebranches_arealmostbare,isaveryoldone.A.whoseB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.ofit24.WhatisthewaySmiththoughtof_enoughmoneytobuythenewhouse?A.gettingB.havinggotC.beinggotD.toget25.Jackspentasmuchtimeashecould_overhislessons.A.goingB.wentC.goD.togo26.Thefreezingpointisthe temperature _waterchangesintoi

41、ce.atthetemperatureof在在-的温度的温度A.atwhich B.onthat C.when D.ofwhich27.Iamimpressedbythefactthathemakesgooduseofeveryminute_hecanspare.A.thatB.inwhichC.inthatD.when29.Idontlikethe way _hespoketome.A.whatB.bywhichC.bythat D./1.Wewentthroughaperiod_communicationswereverydifficultinruralareas.(2008上海)A.wh

42、ichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich2.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree_theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.(2007重庆)tosomedegree到某种程度到某种程度A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich3.AnimalssufferedatthehandsofMan_theyweredestroyedbypeopletomakewayforagriculturalhadtoprovidefoodformorepeople.

43、(2008江西)A.inwhichB.forwhichC.sothatD.inthat4.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom_theirparentsspeakathome.(2008浙江)A.whatB.thatC.whichD.one5.Youcanonlybesureof_youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething_youmightgetinthefuture.(2007安徽安徽)A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;that

44、D./;that6.Women_drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_dont（drinkmorethan-)A.who,/B./;whoC.who,whoD./;/8.Inanhour,wecantraveltoplaces_wouldhavetakenourancestorsdaystoreach.(2006上海上海)A.whereB.whenC.whichD.what9.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldre

45、cognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection_shehadcome.（2006重庆卷）fromthedirectionof来自-的方向A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich11.Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?-Headvisedmetolive_theairisfresher.(2006四川)liveintheplace_theairisfresherA.inwhere B.inwhich C.theplacewhere D.where12.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitt

46、hatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs_theyarebeingtrained.(2005江西)betrainedforthejobs为这为这些工些工作作进进行培行培训训A.inthat B.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich13.TheEnglishplay_mystudentsactedattheNewYearspartywasagreatsuccess.(2004全国)actintheplay在在戏剧戏剧中表演中表演A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich15.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_aresoldabroad./;/and80%_aresoldabroadA.ofwhichB.whichof C.ofthemD.ofthat