英语学习新视界大学英语综合教程.pptx

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1、Warming upCCTV International,China Daily,Peoples Daily,China Radio International,Shanghai Daily,South China Morning Post,Xinhua News Agency2.Name some Chinese news sources in EnglishSome English-language newspapers worth mentioning may be:The Times(泰晤士报),The Guardian (卫报,Financial Times(UK)(金融时报),Th

2、e Wall Street Journal(华尔街日报),The New York Times(纽约时报),International Herald Tribune(USA)(国际先驱论坛报).3.Name some famous international newspapers.第1页/共119页Warming up Work in pairs.Look at the first sentence of the passage and decide which is the main responsibility of a journalist.What is the responsibil

3、ity of a journalist?1 to tell the truth 2 to simplify things so that people will understand easily 3 to use a style people will enjoy reading 4 to do what the editor has asked 5 to find out as much as possible about the topic 6 not to get involved personally in the news eventNow read the passage and

4、 compare your ideas with the writers.第2页/共119页Skimming Browse the passage within 8 minutes to get a rough idea about it.Answer the questions of Activity 2 and 3 on page 51.Task Choose the best summary of the passage.1.Journalists are human beings like the rest of us.We cannot expect them to be compl

5、etely objective when faced with difficult situations,and we cannot expect their reports to be completely accurate as a result.第3页/共119页Skimming2.Journalists sometimes have to make difficult decisions about how,and what,to report.It is important for everyone to realize how difficult these decisions a

6、re,and to recognize that editors and readers should share part of the responsibility for these decisions too.3.In extreme situations,journalists should be prepared not to report the news as it happens.These situations may instead require them to help people in difficulty,or to take decisions about h

7、ow far they can try and find out about peoples private lives.The best summary is:2.第4页/共119页Skimming Answer the questions.1 What is the meaning of hard in the title“Hard news”?Hard news,in comparison with soft news,consists of factual,up-to-the-minute accounts of events taking place.But the writer i

8、s also making use of the meaning“difficult”.Journalists need to take difficult decisions.第5页/共119页Skimming2 Which three typical difficult situations does the writer refer to?Stopping illegal executions or simply photographing them;revealing the name of a source of a story who will get into trouble a

9、s a result,or refusing to do so;publishing or not a photograph of a celebrity in a private moment.To sum up,the three Situations are:getting involved or staying neutral;protecting sources or revealing them;revealing private matters of famous people or not.第6页/共119页Skimming3 What is the job of a jour

10、nalist,at first sight?To record whats happening,accurately and based on facts.4 What are journalists in danger of losing if they do this job?They may lose their humanity,sympathetic attitude to other people.第7页/共119页Skimming5 Which two real news events does the writer refer to?The shooting of Lee Ha

11、rvey Oswald and the death of Princess Diana in a car crash.6 Which are the three qualities the news media should have?Being professional,reliable and responsible to the public.7 Why is The New York Times sometimes slower in publishing news than its rivals?It likes to take time to check for accuracy.

12、第8页/共119页Hard News译文Digging1 What is the responsibility of a journalist?Is it to inform their readers?Or is it to please their editor?Is it to remain on the side of the law,at all costs?Or is it simply to write a good story?Or is there some responsibility to behave as a human being,whatever the cost

13、 or the danger?2 Here are a few dilemmas some journalists have faced.第9页/共119页3 A photographer in a war zone takes photos of an army officer executing rebel soldiers.Its possible that he might have been able to stop the officer shooting the prisoners.But he chose to honour his responsibilities towar

14、ds his editor and the newspaper readers,which was to report what was happening.Should he have got involved,or was he simply doing his job?Digging第10页/共119页4 A journalist is investigating a major fraud in a big city bank.A bank employee reveals to her the method by which the crime was committed,and t

15、he identities of the criminals.In doing so,the employee admits his own minor implication in the crime.The police launch their own investigation,and ask the journalist to reveal the name of her source.She refuses,claiming that her professional standards oblige her to protect her sources.Should she be

16、 praised for her principles,or charged with preventing the police from solving the crime?译文Digging第11页/共119页5 A newspaper publishes photos of a well-known film actor whose career is promoted by her frequent appearances in the media.On this occasion,the photos were taken while the actor was on holida

17、y in a private home abroad.The actor intends to take the newspaper to court for invasion of her private life.Is the newspaper simply doing what its readers expect it to do,or is the actor entitled to separate her private from her public life?译文Digging第12页/共119页6 What do you think?7 The ethical respo

18、nsibility of the journalist is endlessly discussed,both in general,and in particular cases.At first,the answer seems simple:The journalists job is to record whats happening,accurately and based on facts.译文Digging第13页/共119页8 But sometimes doing a journalists job is at the cost of their humanity.When

19、Jack Ruby shot Lee Harvey Oswald,the man arrested for killing President John F Kennedy,a photographer was present.But could he have dropped his camera and stopped Ruby from firing his gun?And if he had done so,would we know more about who ordered the killing of the president than we do now?译文Digging

20、第14页/共119页9 And were the photographers ethically right to pursue Princess Diana and her partner in order to obtain photos at such speeds as to cause her car to crash?Or was it a fair and reasonable news story which respected the readers right to know about a relationship affecting the state of the B

21、ritish royal family?译文Digging第15页/共119页10 So should the journalist always stand back and watch while people kill each other,or should they ever get involved as human beings?译文Digging第16页/共119页11 Clearly,the journalists code of practice varies from country to country.Yet most acknowledge the need to

22、report a story accurately,to provide proof of any claims or protect their sources,and to correct mistakes.The news media relies on their journalists behaviour in order to support its three most important assets:being professional,reliable and responsible to the public.译文Digging第17页/共119页Some newspap

23、ers,such as The New York Times,recognize the potential for conflict between the need for speed and accuracy,and tend to publish important stories more slowly than their competitors.译文Digging第18页/共119页12 So,the ethical responsibility of a journalist is not quite as simple as it first appears.And its

24、a responsibility that needs to be shared.13 It needs to be shared by the editors,who sometimes show shots of dead enemy soldiers,in order to convey the tragedy of the war,but not to show shots of our own dead soldiers,for fear of offending both their relatives and the readers.译文Digging第19页/共119页译文Di

25、gging14 It needs to be shared by the owners of media organizations,who may accept advertising from unethical companies.They do this in order to appeal to the people who hold investments in the organization.Otherwise,they will not have the finances to pursue their mission to explain.第20页/共119页Digging

26、16 We all need to accept that a journalist is not simply a hunting dog chasing a good story to be consumed like dead meat by the strong,at the expense of the weak.We need to accept that both workers in the media,and its consumers,the audience and readers,are above all human beings a characteristic w

27、hich we all share.第21页/共119页inform释义vt.to officially tell someone something or give them information about something 通知；告知例句The President has been fully informed of developments.已经向总统汇报了事态的全部进展。翻译WordsThe manager promised to keep me informed of how our business was going on.(Jan.1990,CET-4,Vocabular

28、y and Structure)真题例句Please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有变更，请尽早通知我们。翻译第22页/共119页dilemma 释义n.C a situation in which you have to make a difficult decision 窘境；困境 例句 Im in a dilemma over whether to tell him or not.我进退两难，不知道是否该告诉他。翻译Words例句Many single parents struggle with th

29、e dilemma of dividing time between work and children.许多单身父母在给工作和给子女的时间分配上处于两难境地。翻译第23页/共119页execute 释义vt.to kill someone as a punishment for a crime 处死；处决 例句The general was executed for war crimes.将军因战争罪被处死。翻译Words例句He said nobody had been executed as a direct result of the events.他说没有人直接因为那些事件而被处死。

30、翻译第24页/共119页rebel释义1a.(only before noun)relating to rebels or their activities 反叛（者）的；造反（者）的 例句rebel troops叛军翻译Words第25页/共119页rebel释义2n.C someone who tries to remove a government or leader using force 造反者；反叛者 例句They sent in troops to back the rebels.他们派来军队支持叛乱分子。翻译Words例句Anti-government rebels have

31、seized the radio station.反政府的叛乱分子占领了电台。翻译第26页/共119页释义例句Recently there have been widespread credit card fraud.最近各地频繁出现信用卡诈骗事件。翻译Wordsn.C,U the crime of obtaining money from someone by tricking them 诈骗；欺诈fraud例句The police arrested him for tax fraud.警方因他在纳税上的欺诈行为把他逮捕了。翻译第27页/共119页minor 释义a.not very imp

32、ortant 较不重要的；次要的例句We made a few minor changes to the plan.这个计划我们作了一些小小的修改。翻译Words例句翻译Most of the passengers suffered only minor injuries.大部分乘客只受了点轻伤。真题The flight is delayed because of a minor mechanical problem.Please wait for further notice.(Jun.2002,CET-4,Listening comprehension)第28页/共119页oblige 释

33、义vt.(usu passive)to force someone to do something because it is the law,a rule,or a duty 迫使例句You are legally obliged to pay this fine.从法律上讲，你有义务缴纳这笔罚款。翻译WordsThe law obliges parents to send their children to school.法律规定父母有让子女接受教育的义务。例句翻译第29页/共119页charge释义vt.to accuse someone officially of committing

34、 a crime 控告；指控例句Two men have been charged in connection with the fire.两个人被指控与火灾有关。翻译Words例句The prosecution charged that he had accepted a bribe.检察院起诉他收受贿赂。翻译第30页/共119页media 释义n.C(the)radio,television,newspapers,the Internet,and magazines,considered as a group 媒体；传媒例句The media have launched a bitter

35、attack on the Ministry of Railways.大众传媒向铁道部发起了猛烈攻击。翻译WordsThis research has attracted wide media coverage and has featured on BBC televisions Tomorrows World.(Jun.2002,CET-4,Vocabulary and Structure)真题例句There was a lot of media coverage of the wedding.媒体大张旗鼓地报道了这场婚礼。翻译第31页/共119页court 释义n.C,U a place

36、 where trials take place and legal cases are decided 法庭；法院例句They tried to settle the case out of court.这个案子他们试图庭外和解。翻译WordsI would never have resorted to a court of law if I hadnt been so desperate.(Jun.2002,CET-4,Vocabulary and structure)真题例句I dont think that argument would stand up in a court of l

37、aw.我认为这个论据在法庭上是站不住脚的。翻译第32页/共119页entitle释义vt.to give someone the right to do something 给（某 人）权利；给（某人）资格例句Only full-time employees are entitled to receive health insurance.只有全职雇员才有资格获得健康保险。翻译Words例句Membership entitles you to the full use of our fitness facilities.会员可以使用我们这儿的所有健身器材。翻译Everyone should b

38、e entitled to a decent standard of living and an opportunity to be educated.(Jan.2003,CET-4,Vocabulary and structure)真题第33页/共119页ethical释义a.involving the principles used for deciding what is right and what is wrong 伦理的；道德的 例句翻译WordsIs it ethical to use drugs to control prisoners behaviour?用药物来控制犯人的行

39、为合乎道德吗？unethical反义词例句翻译The use of animals in scientific tests raises some difficult ethical questions.在科学实验中使用动物引发了一些难以解决的道德问题。第34页/共119页arrest释义vt.if the police arrest someone,they take that person to a police station because they believe he or she has committed a crime 逮捕；拘捕；拘留 例句翻译WordsThe police

40、man arrested the drunk for disturbing the peace.警察以扰乱治安罪逮捕了那个醉汉。Another policeman arrived,and together,we arrested three of the men;but the other four ran away.(Jun.1997,CET-4,Listening comprehension)真题例句翻译Police made 20 arrests at yesterdays demonstration.昨天的示威游行中，警察逮捕了20人。第35页/共119页royal 释义a.relat

41、ing to a king or queen or the members of their family 国王的；女王的；王室的 例句翻译WordsOpposition within the royal family was crushed.王族内的反对派被清除了。真题Lets go and see a new movie at the Royal Theatre.I hear its a real story of two prison breakers.(Jan.1998,CET-4,Listening Comprehension)例句翻译The Summer Palace,which

42、used to be a royal garden,is my favourite park.颐和园是我最喜欢的公园，它以前是座皇家园林。第36页/共119页code 释义n.C a set of rules about how something should be done or how people should behave 准 则；规 范；行为规则例句翻译WordsThe profession has a strict code of practice.这个专业有严格的行业守则。they wear a special uniform of red coats and white tr

43、ousers,and follow strict codes of behavior.(Jan.2002,CET-4,Reading comprehension)真题例句翻译Parents should help to teach children a strong moral code.家长应帮助教育孩子们形成严格的道德规范。第37页/共119页proof释义n.C,U information or evidence that shows that something is definitely true or definitely exists 证据；证物；证词 例句翻译Words要享受打

44、折优惠，你必须证明你的学生身份。To receive the discount,you must show proof of student status.We have no proof that any of these well-known conversations actually took place,but we are prepared to believe that they did.(Jan.1991,CET-4,Vocabulary and Structure)真题例句翻译你有什么证据证明这个人偷了你的包吗？Do you have any proof that this

45、man stole your bag?第38页/共119页convey释义vt.to communicate ideas or feelings indirectly（间接 地）表达，传达（思想或感情）例句翻译Words她总是对自己的工作表现出一股热情。She always conveys a sense of enthusiasm for her work.Jans office conveyed an impression of efficiency and seriousness.例句翻译简的办公室给人留下高效和庄重的印象。第39页/共119页offend 释义vt.to make so

46、meone upset and angry by doing or saying something 冒犯；得罪；使生气例句翻译Words电视节目审查官正在剪掉一些他们称可能会引起冒犯的镜头。Television censors are cutting out scenes which they claim may offend.例句翻译他为自己发表的评论道歉并说他无意冒犯该团体。He apologizes for his comments and says he had no intention of offending the community.第40页/共119页privacy释义n.

47、U the freedom to do things without other people watching you or knowing what you are doing 独处；个人自由；隐私 例句翻译Words他们不希望他们的个人隐私受到记者们的侵犯。They dont want their privacy invaded by reporters.例句翻译在个人家里安放窃听器是对个人私生活的侵犯。A hidden microphone in a persons home is an invasion of privacy.第41页/共119页chase 释义v.to follow

48、 someone or something quickly in order to catch them 追逐；追赶；追踪 例句翻译Words警察沿街追赶小偷。The police chased the thief down the street.They decided to chase the cow away before it did more damage.(Jan.1990,CET-4,Vocabulary and structure)真题例句翻译外面院子里，孩子们叫喊着在互相追逐。Outside in the yard,kids were yelling and chasing

49、each other.第42页/共119页at all costs/at any cost 释义used for saying that something must be done however difficult it is or however much damage it causes 不惜一切代价This relentless pursuit of economic growth at any cost is questionable.不惜一切代价追求经济增长的做法是有问题的。Phrases例句翻译TextWe will save his life at all costs.我们将

50、不惜一切代价挽救他的生命。例句翻译第43页/共119页释义例句翻译如果你不还清欠款，我就到法院告你。take sb to court to begin a case against someone 把某人送上法庭PhrasesIf you do not pay up,I will take you to court.例句翻译我们决定不起诉他们，免得惹事生非。We decided to let sleeping dogs lie and not take them to court.第44页/共119页释义例句翻译be entitled to do sth to give someone the