三大从句和非谓语动词学习.pptx

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1、三大从句和非谓语动词学习三大从句和非谓语动词学习名词性从句形容词性从句（定语从句）状语从句非谓语动词分句第1页/共36页名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句 通常由that,who,whom,whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever 等连接第2页/共36页主语从句分句在句中做主语1.1.What caused the fire is still a mystery.2.Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.第3页/共36页How the book will sell de

2、pends on its author.Why he left abruptly is not known to any of us.第4页/共36页宾语从句分句在句中做宾语1.1.We never doubt that he is honest.2.2.Can you tell me who is responsible for the fire?第5页/共36页She suggested that he do it at once.Nobody can tell when he will arrive.第6页/共36页表语从句分句在句中做表语（主语补语），一般位于be（系）动词或具有系动词

3、功能的词后面具有系功能的词：feel，look，sound，taste，smell，appear，seem等第7页/共36页My opinion is that we should stick to our original plan.The problem is not who will go but who will stay.第8页/共36页同位语从句 大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact,idea,opinion,news,hope,belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。第9页/共36页We have to fac

4、e the fact that the nearest filling station is 30 minutes away.My original question,why he did it at all,has not been answered.第10页/共36页形容词性分句即关系分句 主要做名词修饰语，通常由关系代词主要做名词修饰语，通常由关系代词whowho，whichwhich，thatthat和关系副词和关系副词whenwhen，whywhy，wherewhere等引导。等引导。1.1.The man who did the robbery has been caught.Th

5、e man who did the robbery has been caught.2.2.His speech,which bored everyone,went on and on.His speech,which bored everyone,went on and on.3.3.Can you show me the house where Shakespeare once lived?Can you show me the house where Shakespeare once lived?4.4.The reason(why)I was alone in the mountain

6、 is that I had a difficulty with The reason(why)I was alone in the mountain is that I had a difficulty with my guide.my guide.5.5.He is not the boy(that)I gave the ticket to.He is not the boy(that)I gave the ticket to.6.6.He has change.He is not the man(that)he was.He has change.He is not the man(th

7、at)he was.第11页/共36页which,as在定语从句中先行项都可是前面整个句子或一部分,逗号隔开Which引导的分句不倒装，as引导的分句需倒装第12页/共36页which指代前面整个句子 He tried to stand on his hands for six minutes,which is rather a difficult thing to do.指代前面部分句子 I have known Judy far more able than Lucy,but not half so popular,which is quite a different thing.第13页

8、/共36页as在定语从句中可代指人和物，用倒装结构可代指人和物，用倒装结构用在用在suchsuch，the samethe same，asas，soso后，可不用逗号隔开后，可不用逗号隔开He will repeat such points as are discussed in the book.He will repeat such points as are discussed in the book.可指代前面整个句子，也可指前面句子部分内容可指代前面整个句子，也可指前面句子部分内容1.He travelled a great deal,as did most of his frien

9、d 1.He travelled a great deal,as did most of his friend(most of his(most of his friend travelled).friend travelled).2.He is usually tall,as are his brother 2.He is usually tall,as are his brother(usually tall).(usually tall).第14页/共36页介词+关系代词引导的分句关系代词多用关系代词多用whichwhich，也可用，也可用whosewhose，whomwhom等。等。根

10、据语法和意义选择介词根据语法和意义选择介词1.The material of which the machine is made is a good 1.The material of which the machine is made is a good nonconductor of heat(is made of).nonconductor of heat(is made of).2.They tried to think of the plan by which the could fulfill their task 2.They tried to think of the plan

11、 by which the could fulfill their task ahead of time(fulfill their task by the plan).ahead of time(fulfill their task by the plan).3.He is telling a story of Lei Feng,of whom all of us is proud(all of 3.He is telling a story of Lei Feng,of whom all of us is proud(all of us is proud of sb).us is prou

12、d of sb).第15页/共36页状语从句 按语义可分为时间、地点、原因、方式、结果、目的、条件和让步状语从句。1.Where there is a will,there is a way.2.Until we know the fact,we cant do anything about it.3.You must do the exercise as I show you.4.In case it rains,we wont be able to go there on foot.第16页/共36页非谓语动词分句不定式分句-ing 分词分句-ed 分词分句第17页/共36页不定式分句 可

13、在句中做主语和主补，宾语和宾补，状语，修饰语等。主语：To accept the job would mean moving to Florida.主补:His intention was to win the game.第18页/共36页宾语:He promised to stop taking drugs.宾补:His great wish is to see his team win the World Cup.第19页/共36页表目的She stood up to be seen better.表原因I am glade to know you have a good job.表结果H

14、e got to the station only to find that his father was dead.第20页/共36页-ing 分句(一）带从属连词：其主语=主句的主语，主动关系1,When sleeping,I never hear a thing.2,Though understanding no Chinese,he was able to communicate with them.第21页/共36页 （二）带主语：其主语（二）带主语：其主语 主句主语，也就是通常所主句主语，也就是通常所说的说的“独立主格独立主格”结构。独立主格中结构。独立主格中having havi

15、ng been,beingbeen,being的可省略。的可省略。1.The question(having been)settled,the meeting 1.The question(having been)settled,the meeting adjourned.adjourned.2.The children were watching the acrobatic show,2.The children were watching the acrobatic show,their eyes(being)wide open.their eyes(being)wide open.-in

16、g-ing独立主格也可由独立主格也可由withwith引出：引出：With the tree growing tall,we get more shade.With the tree growing tall,we get more shade.第22页/共36页（三）不带从属连词也不带主语,依据上下文或情景判定1.I have a friend living in London.2.Beating a child will do more harm than good.第23页/共36页第24页/共36页-ed 分句（一）带从属连词：其主语=主句的主语，被动关系1.1.Once publis

17、hed,the book caused a remarkable stir.2.2.Even if invited,I wont go.第25页/共36页 （二）带主语：其主语（二）带主语：其主语 主句主语，也就是通常所说的主句主语，也就是通常所说的“独立主格独立主格”结构。独立主格中结构。独立主格中having been,beinghaving been,being的可省略。的可省略。1.1.My work(being)done,I went to bed.My work(being)done,I went to bed.2.2.The purse not yet(having been)f

18、ound,we went to the police.The purse not yet(having been)found,we went to the police.-ed-ed独立主格也可由独立主格也可由withwith引出：引出：They sat in the room with his curtains drawn.They sat in the room with his curtains drawn.第26页/共36页（三）不带从属连词也不带主语，依据上下文或情景判定1.The castle,burnt down in 1485,was never rebuilt.2.Cover

19、ed with confusion,she hurriedly left the room.第27页/共36页-ed 分词-ing分词一般来说，-ed 分词做前置修饰语有被动和完成的意义。-ing分词前置有主动和未完成的意义。A uninvited guest badly-built houseBoiled water boiling wateran excited audience exciting news 第28页/共36页-ed分词做补语主补：主补：The door remains locked.The door remains locked.宾补：宾补：I found the doo

20、r locked.I found the door locked.主补主补:The man looked disappointed.:The man looked disappointed.宾补：宾补：I found him disappointed.I found him disappointed.可以带可以带-ed-ed 分词做补语的动词：分词做补语的动词：1 1，感官词，感官词 see,hear,feel,tastesee,hear,feel,taste，findfind等等 2 2，使役词，使役词make,get,have,keepmake,get,have,keep等等（1 1）He

21、 was trying to make himself understood.He was trying to make himself understood.（2 2）I have my hair cut every three months.I have my hair cut every three months.第29页/共36页倒装句全部倒装部分倒装第30页/共36页全部倒装整个谓语置于主语之前当句首是方位词，谓语是come，go等表位置移动的词时1.1.There was a sudden gust of wind.2.2.In the chapter will be found

22、a partial answer.第31页/共36页部分倒装仅是操作词置于主语前操作词：do/did/does,will/can/would/could,have/has/had,is/was/are/were第32页/共36页当句首是否定词或否定意义的词当句首是否定词或否定意义的词1.Never have I found 1.Never have I found(I have found)(I have found)him in such a him in such a good mood.good mood.2.Hardly had he finished 2.Hardly had he

23、finished(he had finished)(he had finished)his work his work when the telephone rang.when the telephone rang.3.Rarely do I get 3.Rarely do I get(I get)(I get)invited into his office invited into his office alone.alone.当句首由当句首由“only+only+副词副词/介词词组介词词组/状语分句状语分句”构构成成1.Only yesterday did he find out that

24、 his watch 1.Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.was missing.2.Only because there were some cancelled 2.Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get bookings did he get(he got)(he got)a ticket in the a ticket in the end.end.3.Only through sheer luck did he manage

25、to get a 3.Only through sheer luck did he manage to get a ticket.ticket.第33页/共36页当句首是方式状语、频率状语Many a time has Mike given me good advice.句首结构是sothat,“so+adj”引起全部倒装，“so+adv”引起局部倒装1.So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.2.So much does he worry about his financial position that he cant sleep at night.第34页/共36页That 第35页/共36页感谢您的观看。感谢您的观看。第36页/共36页