英语人教八年级下册unit语法聚焦.pptx

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1、present(now)futurepast Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时第1页/共26页主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）助动词表示“有”现在完成时的结构Winter has already come，will it still be far in spring?第2页/共26页Mother:Dear son,clean your teeth please.Son:Mum,I have have alreadyalready(已经已经)cleaned cleaned them.Mother:Dear,tell your father to have break

2、fast please.Son:Mum,dad has hadhas had breakfast.第3页/共26页Father:Tell your mother to buy some milk,son.Son:Oh,she has has justjust(刚刚刚刚)bought)bought some.第4页/共26页Mother:Dear,you must clean our house today?Father:Honey,we have have justjust(刚刚刚刚)cleaned cleaned our house.第5页/共26页主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）否

3、定形式 havent(have not）+过去分词 hasnt(has not)+过去分词疑问句 把助动词 have/has 放在句首 现在完成时的结构注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has第6页/共26页You have planted all the trees.I have planted all the trees.He/she has planted all the trees.They have planted all the trees.区别have 和 has的用法主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has第7页/共26页1、规则变化（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）(1)、一般动词，在

4、词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived 过去分词第8页/共26页(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“ed”。，study-studied-studied cry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stopped drop-dropped-dropped 第9页/共26页2、不规则变化（过去分词与不规则动词的过去式形式一样）havehadhad spe

5、nd spentspent makemademaden saysaidsaid findfoundfound hearheardheard 第10页/共26页3、不规则变化（过去分词与过去式形式不一样）taketooktaken speak spokespoken singsangsung drivedrovedriven bewas/werebeen gowentgone 第11页/共26页4、不规则变化（过去分词，过去式与动词原形一样）cutcutcutput putput letletletreadreadread 第12页/共26页1)表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。Now w

6、e have planted all the trees.He has just come back.They have built many buildings in this city.现在完成时的用法第13页/共26页2)表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。Someone has broken the window.(窗户现在是坏的)I have already lost the key.(我现在没有钥匙)I havent read that book yet.(不了解书的内容)I have just cleaned my hands.(手是干净的)常与already(已经),y

7、et(已经),just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用.already:常用于肯定句中.yet:常用于否定句,疑问句尾.第14页/共26页3)表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。She has learned English for 5 years.He has lived in Beijing since he was born.Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years?常与for,since引导的时间短语或从句连用.for+时间段 since+时间点,since+句子第15页/共26页注：并非所有for作为时间状语

8、的句子都用现在完成时Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.(我现在已经不在这里工作了)Ihaveworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.（现在我仍在这里工作）第16页/共26页since:(自以来)1)since+时间点Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.sin

9、ce,for的用法:Takenotes 第17页/共26页用for 或since填空1.Mr.Brown has had his TV _ 15 years.2.Ive taken driving lessons _last month.3.My sister has had her cell phone _a month.4.My friends havent visited me _my birthday.5.We havent used our car _ a long time.6.She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _years.7.Tom has

10、worn glasses _he was 7 years old.for since forsinceforforsince第18页/共26页注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy第19页/共26页method 1:动作 状态die be over leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演）be married be in be dead第20页/共26页1.他的

11、爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick 参军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4个月了.His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.Nick has been in the army for 3 years.He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time.I have kept the book for 4 months.第21页/共26页method 2:It is+时间段 since+一般过去时的句子.1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick 参军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4

12、个月了.It is 2 years since his grandpa died.It is 3 years since Nick joined the army.It is a long time since he left Shenzhen.It is 4 months since I borrowed the book.第22页/共26页辨析 have been to和 have gone toMy father has gone to Shanghai for a meeting.他（已经）去了上海。My father has been to Shanghai for a meetin

13、g.他（曾经）去了上海。She has been to China.她（曾经）去过中国。（人已经回来了）have been to someplace.曾经去过某地，已经回来has gone to someplace.某人去了某地，还没有回来 She has gone to China last week.上周她去了上海。（人可能回来了也可能没回来）第23页/共26页用用have/has been to,have/has gone to填空填空：1.Where is your brother?He _ the shop.Hell be back soon.2._ you ever _ to Am

14、erica?Yes,I _ New York twice.3.Here you are at last!Where _ you _?I _ London.4.David _Australia.Im sure hes already arrived.5.Is Benny here?No,he _ the school library.He left five minutes ago.has gone toHave been tohave been tohave beenhave been tohas gone tohas gone to第24页/共26页第25页/共26页感谢您的观看！第26页/共26页