托福同义词词汇表(共19页).docx

《托福同义词词汇表(共19页).docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《托福同义词词汇表(共19页).docx（20页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上附件二：同义词宝典写在前面的话 各位亲，你们都是优秀的，因为你们正在奋力实现自己的梦想。 当然，一路上你们需要劈荆斩棘，听说读写，各有难处。 对于托福阅读来，难就难在词汇要求高。单词不是万能，但不背单词万万不能。阅读题目中约有 1/4 是单词题，因此想要驾驭托福阅读，一定要搞定单词题。而且面对这些题目时，最好做到秒杀它，这样才能有余裕处理其它较复杂阅读题目。那么如何秒杀？我们先来了解一个事实：新托福考试自2005年问世以来，考重题的概率已经达到了惊人的程度，一些词汇题也多有重复。 因此要想秒杀，我们可以事先牢记历史上考过的词汇。但不用紧张， 这些词汇的总数并不多，而且

2、大部分收录于本手册中，共计20页左右，供亲们短期强化记忆。 路遥费马力，一鼓作气，再而竭，三而衰，建仪大家短期内过完一遍，然后重复重复再重复，在读文章中重复，在做题目中重复。如此操作，定能在词汇题上所向披靡！ 另外， 除准备词汇题外，该手册还有一重要作用准备同义替换。我们再了解一个事实：阅读题目的选项通常都是对原文某句话的同义改写，即同样的意思，不同的表达。因此，对于这种换了马甲的答案，我们一定要能洞穿其本质没变。如何洞穿？熟悉常见的同义替换词组就是一个好方法。但是对于一些词汇间的本质联系，亲们可能理解上有些困惑，若有此种情况，强烈建议使用美国的麦克米兰词典，该词典用2000左右的基础词汇解释

3、了所有的高级词汇，何其牛尔！ 最后建议在平日做题时，若有词汇题错误，或者理解错误，不妨纳入那手册，集中记忆，为熟手尔！手册中难免有纰漏，请大家当当啄木鸟，指正错误， 共同完善它。 期望大家托福阅读取得好成绩，托福取得好成绩！ A 1. absorb=take in=assimilate=incorporate（incorporate sth into sth）吸收 incorporate=embrace=include 包括（反义：exclude, rule out, remove, preclude）2. appealing=attractive=compelling=inviting=te

4、mpting=popular 吸引的(appeal为名词时=popularity； beckon= attract 吸引)3. absorbed=engrossed=fully engaged in 全神贯注=be not absent4. abundant =abound with=a number of=do not lack=myriad of 大量的5. accommodate=provide with=endow with 给予6. accommodate to = adapt to=be accustomed to= 适应( gear 表示使适合)7. accumulate=col

5、lect= build up= amass= gather 累积（增加）=increase(augment= increase 扩大)8. adherent=advocate=supporter 支持者，拥护者9. adjacent (to)=nearby=neighboring=adjoining 相邻的10. advent=arrival=coming=introduction of sth 到来，引入11. affair = event= occasion =matter=episode事情，事件12. akin to=similar to=alike= analogous 相类似的（等

6、于动词resemble）13. allocate=distribute =designate 分配，指定钱或人如何使用14. almost=nearly=virtually 几乎（程度之深）15. aloft=overhead=above (在上面)16. alter=change=transform=fluctuate= be unstable 变化，不稳定（convert 使转变）be stable=do not change 17. anticipate= expect 期望，预料18. antiseptic= sterilized=clean 无菌的，干净的19. antithesis

7、=oppose=disagree with= disapprove of 反对，不同意20. apparent=obvious=evident明显A is made evident by B= B show A(in evidence=evident: It was early, and few pedestrians were in evidence on the city streets)21. appreciable= noticeable=striking =conspicuous 显而易见的 22. approach= come closer to 靠近23. approach= m

8、eans= method=manner=avenue 方法, 方式24. article=item=object 物品25. assertion=strong statement 断言26. as a rule=usually=generally 通常，一般来说27. assorted=various 各种各样的28. assist=benefit=help= aid=favor 对什么有好处或帮助( benefit 有时=boon=favor, boon=something useful that brings great benefits and make your life easier

9、)29. attribute=characteristic=feature=trait=property=hallmark 特点，特征( 请注意：character表个性，人物； be characterized by具有的特点)30. attribute to= ascribe to =accredit to=due to= owe to 归因于 -B:1 barrier=obstacle=impediment=blockage=obstruction 障碍，堵塞2 be compatible with= can exist together 兼容，共存3 blend=mix togethe

10、r= combine=merge 混合在一起4 blossom=thrive=boom=flourish=bloom 繁盛（有时等于develop）5 breakthrough=sudden advance=discovery or achievement 突破，成就6. broadly=extensively=widely 广泛的（extensive=vast=immense,程度，范围大）7bulk=main part 主体 in bulk= in large quantity 大量地C:1. capitalize on=take advantage of= exploit 利用( get

11、 benefits from sth)2. challenge=dispute 争议（disagreement）(有时= refuse to accept someones authority)dispute为名词时=contention=argument 争议3. chronic=constant=of long duration=perennial 长期的（持续时间长）有时，chronic=confirmed 习惯的（confirm 作动词时表证实，确定=corroborate）4. chronically=constantly=inveterately 长期地，根深蒂固地5. claim

12、=maintain=hold=argue that 认为，声称6. classify=catalog=categorize 分类7. coalesce=fuse=unite=come together 合并8. collide with=run into=hit 碰撞9. concise= shortened=simplified 精简化10. compelling= persuasive=convincing 有说服力的11. compelling= urgently requiring attention= pressing 急迫的（emergent）12. compensate for

13、=offset（counteract）=countervail补偿，抵消13. compliment= praise=extol 赞美14. component=constituent=element=ingredient 成分，要素15. comprehensive=covering broadly= inclusive 包罗广泛的17. control= refrain=regulate=govern 控制, 抑制，调节18consequence=result=outcome 结果19. considerable= large in extent or degree= substantia

14、l 可观的，重要的20. consist of=be made up of=comprised of= be composed of 由.组成21. contrive=create=plan=invent 谋划，设计( invention=contrivance)22. controversy=disagreement=argument 争议23corroborative=confirmative 确实的，确证的（make more certain）24. critically=crucially=significantly 重要地（强调程度大）(critical还表示危急的=difficul

15、t to deal with, 如 the situation is most critical= the situation is worst) 25crude =original= raw=natural=unprocessed 天然的 （crude oil）26. conceal = hide = disguise = camouflage 隐藏，掩盖27. conventional= customary=traditional 习俗上或传统上的28concentration=level 浓度，含量29conviction=belief (conviction还有定罪的意思=senten

16、ce)30. counterpart（相对应的人或物）=equivalent(同等物)= similitude （类似物）D1. decimate=destroy 毁掉大部分(有时destroy=consume=ruin= devastate)2. delegate= assign=appoint=commission 委派3. delicate=dainty=elaborate(精美的)4. delicate= fragile 脆弱的,如：delicate ecosystem balance 5. demanding=laborious=exacting=burdensome 费力的（需要更

17、多力气，精力，责任等）6. demonstrate=illustrate=show 表明，证实7. dependable=reliable 可靠的8. depict=describe=draw 描绘9. desert=abandon=give up=discard=forsake=stop doing sth 放弃，抛弃10. determining= deciding=conclusive 决定性的11. devoted=dedicated 全身心的（具有奉献精神，或有强烈兴趣做某事）12. devoid of ( devoid为形容词)= lack of= without= scant o

18、f 缺乏的13. dictate= rule=reign=govern=decide 命令，规定（能控制或统治）14. diminish = reduce=decrease=dwindle=taper (become smaller and smaller)15. discern=tell the difference=discriminate=distinguish 区分16. discharge= unload= emit=release=issue释放（有时=vent发泄）17. disintegrate= rot=decay=spoil=decompose=degrade 降解（使整体

19、变成部分）注意：disintegrate有时也=break/fall/tear apart=crumble碎掉18. disperse=scatter=spread=disseminate=distribute=diffuse 分散( 使一个东西不同地方都有, 也就是：to separate and go in different directions)19. dissuade= discourage 劝阻，鼓励不做什么事20. diversity=variety=many and different 种类多21. documented=recorded 被记录的22. domestic=ho

20、me 家里的（domestic还表示国内的= not be foreign）23. draft=sketch=drawing=outline 起草，画（draft还有招募的意思）24. draw=attract=appeal to=engage 吸引 25. duplicate=copy 复制品 xerox 表示静电复印件(a copy of a written document or image that is made with a Xerox machine)26. dweller=resident=inhabitant=settler 居住者，定居者E:1. earned=acquir

21、ed=obtained=won=gained 获得的2. elaborate= very detailed and complicated 复杂详尽的3. eliminate=remove=eradicate=leave out=rule out= omit 消除, 删除（有时removed=extracted, extracted 表示被提取出来的; completely remove也可以=annihilate消灭）4. embed=implant=insert 植入，插入5. emerge=arise=appear 出现（emergence=appearance=emerging out

22、 ）这些动词含义接近advent=introduction这两个名词6. encompass=include=incorporate=involve 包含7. encourage=motivate= give incentive to sb 鼓励，激励8. endangered=be in danger=threatened 受到威胁，处在危险中的9. endeavor=attempt=strive 努力尝试着去做10. engage in=participate in=be involved in/with 参加(be involved in/with ,本意表示“涉及到，和什么有关联”)1

23、1. enlarge=broaden 或 =inflate 变宽变大 (有时enlarge=magnify放大)12. erroneous=wrong=incorrect 错误的13. escalate=grow=expand 逐步增长或严重14. estimate=rate=evaluate 评估 ratings 表示评定等级和收视率15. evident=apparent=obvious=clear=explicit=pronounced明显的，明白的16. examine= check=inspect closely=scrutinize=probe 探查17. exceedingly=

24、extremely =deeply 非常地 （To an advanced or unusual degree）18. exclusive= sole=unique 独一无二的19. exert=give 施加; exert=employ=wield=utilize=exploit=exercise 运用20. exhausted=tired; exhausted=use up entirely 疲倦的21. expedience=advantage 便利 （expedient= advisable 有用的，权宜之计的）22. extant =remaining=remnant=relic e

25、xtant 表示现存的 ，（后面3个单词可表示遗迹，遗留）23. extent=degree=magnitude=scale 范围，程度24. extraordinary=exceptional 非凡的（exceptional 还表异常的，比如exceptional child/education: 残疾儿童/特殊教育）25. ephemeral= short-lived= transient 生命短暂的26. evoke= arouse= create 唤起，引起F:1. fade away= vanish=disappear 逐渐消失（memory is fading away）2. fu

26、nction as= act as=serve as 起作用3. fixed= do not change=be not erratic/instable 固定的，不变的（有时fixed=immobile=motionless=static=stationary 不移动的, 静止的）4. flexible=adaptable=elastic 可变通的5. forage for=hunt for=search for 搜寻（食物等）6. forge=create=invent=devise 建立，创造出7. foster=cultivate 培养；foster= encourage 促进8. f

27、riction=conflict 摩擦冲突（有时friction=disagreement）9. facilitate=make easier 使什么容易（发生）=help to bring about 10. fragile=delicate=breakable=brittle 脆弱的，易碎的11. freedom= independence; autonomous=unlimited=be not confined自由，未被限制的12. formidable=difficult=tough 难以克服的，可怕的G1. gauge=measure=meter 测量2. green hand=u

28、nskilled laborer没有经验的人, 而layman 表外行3. groundless=unfounded=baseless 无根据的4. guide=direct=channel 引导5. grand= Large and impressive in size, scope, or extent; magnificent 大，牛b6. groundwork= basis=base=foundation 根据，基础，理由7. go beyond 超过，超出=surpass=exceed( 有时=be better/higher than) H1. halt=discontinue=c

29、ease=terminate 停止（不停的incessant= without any stop）2. hamper=restrict 限制，阻碍3. harness=utilize=get control of sth 控制，利用，驾驭4. hazardous=dangerous=risky 危险的5. height=apex=summit=peak=crest=zenith 顶峰（at the height， 表示什么事情的鼎盛时期, 注意：crest 可以表示羽冠）6. hint=indication=clue=implication 暗示，提示7. hue=color=tint 色彩8

30、. humble=modest 谦虚的（建议用麦克米兰词典查下humble这个多义词）I1. illuminate=brighten=light 照亮（另外illuminate还有解释的意思=explain, 其形容词illuminous= bright）2. immediate =instant 立刻（immediate area=nearest area=neighboring area）3. impact=influence=effect 影响( A affect B = A has an effect on B)4. impetus= momentum =stimulus= incen

31、tive 推动力，刺激物5. imposing=impressive 印象深刻的6. improvise=do without preparation= be not fixed 即兴的7. in contrast=in comparison to 比较而言8. inaccessible=unreachable=remote or unapproachable 难以接近的9. inconceivable=unimaginable=unbelievable 不可思议的，难以置信的10. inevitable=unavoidable 不可避免的11. indirect=circuitous=rou

32、ndabout 间接的，迂回的12. infinite=unlimited= be not confined 没有受到限制的 13. ingenious=clever聪明的; ingenious=creative独特设计的14. inherent= born=intrinsic=instinctive=natural 内在的，固有或天生的15. instead of= rather than 而不是(而other than, 除了=except)16. intentionally= deliberately= not accidentally 故意的17. intensity=strength

33、 强度 （intense= very great or extreme）18. intrigue=fascinate=interest=attract 使感兴趣19. irreparable (damage)=irrecoverable 无法修复的20. isolated=separated=divorced 孤立的，分离的（有时isolated=unique, unique本来表示独一无二的，极不寻常的，但在这里unique=only existing or happening in one place or situation，比如这个例句： are relatively rare eve

34、nts; however, isolated/unique extinctions are quite common）J1. jeopardize=imperil=endanger=threaten 危及 (imperil中的peril 表危险，perilous 表示危险的= dangerous= risky= hazardous)2. joined=met ; connected 连接上了的3. junction=connection=juncture 联结点（junction还是道路会合点的意思）4. juvenile=teenager=youth 少年K1. key= important

35、=vital=crucial 重要的2. keen=very strong 强烈的，敏锐的L1. lading=cargo=load 装载2. landscape=scenery 风景（landscape还有地形的意思）3. lag behind= fall behind 落后（如在经济方面）4. legacy=bequest=heritage 遗产5. legitimate=valid= authorized 合理合法的(legitimately=properly)6. lethargy=sluggish倦怠, 无精打采7. lethal=fatal=deadly=fateful 致命的（b

36、ringing death or disaster）8. liberal=extensive 开明的，心胸开阔的( accepting different opinions and ways of behaving and tending to be sympathetic to other people)9. loot=steal 掠夺，偷取10. lucrative=profitable 有利可图的M1. maintain=sustain=keep保持，维持2. make their way=travel 前进，行进3. manageable= operable 容易控制的4. manda

37、tory=required= obligatory 必须的，反义词：optional= selective5. manifest=reveal=display=exhibit显示，表明6. manipulate= operate 操控7. markedly=significantly 显著地8. match=equal 匹敌9. material=physical 物质上的(physical还有表身体上的)10. meager=scarce=rare=sparse=thin 少的11. mighty=powerful 强大的12. minute=very small= fine=tiny 极小

38、的13. mirror=reflect 反映，反射14. mobility=movement 移动15. modest适度的=limited 有限的16. modification=alteration 修正( modify=change或modify=weaken，需结合上下文和选项判断)17. monotonous=boring=tedious=tiresome 单调，无聊的18. mounting= increasing 逐渐增加的19. myriad=numerous 多的N1. notable= famous= well-known= popular= noted= renowned

39、 著名的2. novel=new=fresh 新的3. not only= besides=apart fromO1. obscure=unclear=blur=ambiguous: tears obscured my eyes. 使模糊2. occasionally= sometimes= once in a while= accidentally 偶尔3. organism=creature=living thing=biological living being 生物4. originate= start from= initiate from 开始于( start=set in mot

40、ion 开始)5. ornament=decoration=adornment 装饰6. oscillate= change frequently 频繁的变化7. overall=total 总的8. overlap= cover 覆盖，重叠9. oversee=supervise 监管10. overwhelming= dominating 无法抗拒的, 自己被控制或受支配P:1. paradoxical=seemingly contradictory 看似矛盾的（有时=plausible 表示貌似可信的）2. patch= small area=lot 小块土地 （patchy表示斑块的，

41、也就这个地方有一点，那个地方也有一点，分布，组成，质量不太规则）3. patron=sponsor=donator 赞助人4. peculiar=strange=eccentric 奇怪的,古怪的(有时eccentric=erratic, 这里erratic为deviating from the customary course in conduct or opinion; 比如：erratic behavior)5. penetrate=pierce= enter= to gain entrance to渗入6. periodically=regularly 周期性地7. perishabl

42、e=be easy to spoil 易坏的8. permit=allow=consent 允许9. persist=endure 持续10. pervasive=widespread=spreading 普遍的11. pioneer=initiate 开拓（最早干一件事情）12. posit =propose=suggest=assume 假定，建议, 认为13. practiced=skilled 熟练的14. pragmatic=practical=utilitarian实用的15. proportion= percentage 比例，百分比16. premise=assumption

43、前提；（premise =prerequisite=something required）17. prestige= importance= superiority 威望，优越性18. prevail= spread= pervade: Let peace prevail. 盛行19. predominant=principal=major主要的; predominant=very noticeable 显著的 （注意：predominate 为动词，表示占优势，支配）20. primitive=early= undeveloped= uncivilized 原始的，早期的21. princi

44、pal= main=primary 主要的22. principle=concept 概念，原理23. prized=valued 珍视的24. procure=obtain=acquire 获得25. professional=specialized专业的26. profound=significant=deep=far-reaching 深刻的27. profusely=abundantly=prolifically 丰富地28. promoted=furthered 促进29. propel=push=impel 推动30. proper=suitable= correct 合理，正确的

45、 31. prospect= future=outlook 前景( prosperity=wellbeing= thriving=luxuriant 繁荣)32. protrude=stick out=project: protruding eyes 向前突出的33. proximity= nearness= close to 邻近R:1. radical=fundamental 根本的 (fundamental 还表基本的=cardinal=very important)2. radically=extremely 极端地3. ramification=branch 分支；ramificat

46、ion=consequence 结果4. readily=easily: he is always ready to help others.容易地5. reassemble=gather=collect=amass=accumulate 积累，收集6. refine=improve 使变好 如 oil refinery 精炼石油7. reflection=indication: reflect= think 反思8. regime= a system of rules that control something 系统，制度9. release=free= liberate= unleash 使自由 10. relevant=related = be involved with/in= be associated with 有关联的 11. relieve=reduce=lose 减少12. relinquish=abandon= desert 放弃13. render=produce=result in=lead to 导