初三英语考前辅导 (2)(教育精品).ppt

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1、初三英语考前辅导初三英语考前辅导开启中考成功之门，开启中考成功之门，钥匙有三。钥匙有三。其一：勤奋的精神；其一：勤奋的精神；其二：科学的方法；其二：科学的方法；其三：良好的心态。其三：良好的心态。信心来自于实力，实力来自于勤奋。信心来自于实力，实力来自于勤奋。一、选择填空一、选择填空 单项选择内容涉及语法、词法、惯用法、句型、口语交际等诸多方面，题目比较灵活，覆盖面广。单项选择题解题技巧。单项选择题解题技巧。（1）题目要看准看全；题目要看准看全；（2）全面分析题干，冷静思考选项；）全面分析题干，冷静思考选项；（3）找准题目的考点，反复比较。）找准题目的考点，反复比较。可用直接法、排除法、推理法

2、、常识可用直接法、排除法、推理法、常识法、反证法解题。法、反证法解题。单项选择特点：单项选择特点：1.题目重视语境的创设，解答必须首先吃透语境，把握题干题目重视语境的创设，解答必须首先吃透语境，把握题干的全部信息，进行合理的推断，作深层的理解，并从词法、的全部信息，进行合理的推断，作深层的理解，并从词法、语法和惯用法、搭配等角度全方位考虑。语法和惯用法、搭配等角度全方位考虑。如：如：例例1：-Would you like some tea?-Yes,I prefer tea _ sugar.Ato Bwith Cthan Dfrom2.强调在情景对话场合中考查语言知识，许多题目是由对话强调在情

3、景对话场合中考查语言知识，许多题目是由对话构成题材，使语言知识的考查更灵活、更生活化。如：构成题材，使语言知识的考查更灵活、更生活化。如：例例2：-When shall we meet again?-Make it _ day you like；its all the same to me.Aone Banother C.some Dany解析解析 选选D。这里。这里make it是用来约定时间，从下文智是用来约定时间，从下文智its all the same to me(这对我来说都一样来看，只能选择这对我来说都一样来看，只能选择D any(任何；任意任何；任意)。3题目命题时注重干扰和迷惑

4、，通过各种手段题目命题时注重干扰和迷惑，通过各种手段考查综合运用语言的能力。如：考查综合运用语言的能力。如：例例3 The schools in China are different from _.AAmerica schools Bthat of America C.America Dthose in America 解析解析 选选D。考查。考查比较级要在同类事物之间比较级要在同类事物之间进行比较进行比较”和和“替代替代”(the schools用用those来来代替代替)。做题时容易受汉语的习惯思维定势的影响。做题时容易受汉语的习惯思维定势的影响误选误选C，题目的迷惑性很大。，题目的迷惑

5、性很大。4题目的综合性增强，同时考查两个或两个以上的知识题目的综合性增强，同时考查两个或两个以上的知识点；有些题目设计了两个或两个以上的空格；有些题目虽点；有些题目设计了两个或两个以上的空格；有些题目虽然只有一个空格，但涉及多个考点。如：然只有一个空格，但涉及多个考点。如：例例4.I dont know if it_ tomorrow.If it _,I wont go.Awill rain；rains Bwill rain；will rain Crams；rains Drains；will rain 解析解析 选选A。这里考查了。这里考查了if引导宾语从句和条件状语从句引导宾语从句和条件状语

6、从句两种不同的用法。前面一句中的两种不同的用法。前面一句中的if引导的是宾语从句，由引导的是宾语从句，由于主句的时态是现在时态，因此宾语从句根据需要用一般于主句的时态是现在时态，因此宾语从句根据需要用一般将来时将来时,而后一句而后一句if引导的条件是状语从句，因主句是一般引导的条件是状语从句，因主句是一般将来时，从句只能用一般现在时。将来时，从句只能用一般现在时。所以做题时要看清题干，注意常用的语法现象，语言环境所以做题时要看清题干，注意常用的语法现象，语言环境和习惯用语，常采用择优法，排除法、比较法、运用逻辑和习惯用语，常采用择优法，排除法、比较法、运用逻辑推理法、固定结构判断法。在做题的过

7、程中，务必看清句推理法、固定结构判断法。在做题的过程中，务必看清句子的干扰项。子的干扰项。1冠词：冠词：字母（单词）里以元音开头的，如表示字母（单词）里以元音开头的，如表示一个（件、只一个（件、只）则用）则用“an”，an“f(l,m,n,s,x,a,e,i,o,r,h)”an hour，an orange，an honest boy an eight-year-old boy ，an eleven-metre-wide river，an unusual day 字母（单词）中以辅音开头的，如表示一个字母（单词）中以辅音开头的，如表示一个（件（件）则用）则用a a second time(再再

8、/又一次又一次)a third chance（又一次机会）（又一次机会）a useful book a university a one-eyed cat a European2名词名词:the Green family=the Greens（注意谓语动词）classthe elderly/young/old/rich/poor/police/audience e.g.His family are having supper in the dining room now.The Green family has moved to Paris.two months/years 20 dollar

9、s 10 meters（表示数学运算、重量、金钱、距离、时间、数目等复数名词或短语做主语看作一整体，注意谓语动词用单数）如：Two Months has passed since he came here.the number of 与与a number of（含义使用谓语动（含义使用谓语动词的区别）词的区别）most of（谓语动词取决于它们后面所跟的主体（谓语动词取决于它们后面所跟的主体名词或代词）名词或代词）e.g.1)Three fifths of the money is mine.2)89%of the students are from cities.3)About two th

10、irds of the earth is covered with water.4)A lot of work has been done by her since yesterday.5)More than one person has been to Beijing.主语为单数，且后面跟有主语为单数，且后面跟有with,together with,along with,besides,except,like,as well as,especially等，谓语动词用等，谓语动词用单数单数e.g.The manager,along with his secretary,is going to

11、the meeting room.名词所有格：名词所有格：Jims two months (two-month)holiday someone elses who elses each others othersTom and Jacks room Toms and Jacks rooms.spend/have a two-week holiday spend/have two weeks holiday Its 15 minutes on foot.Its a 15-minute walk.Its 15 minutes walkhave two weeks off 休息两周in a few

12、years(days months weeks)timein a few years/days/months/weeks3代词：代词：注意人称代词的主、宾格、形、名词性物主代注意人称代词的主、宾格、形、名词性物主代词以及不定代词词以及不定代词。a)one the other(two three)some others anotherb)some little few a bit any a little a few a little bita bit of+n.something,nothing anything (可用于肯定句，作可用于肯定句，作“任任何东西何东西/人人”讲讲)somebod

13、y,nobody,anybody e.g.1)Theres nothing serious with you.2)I have nothing else new to tell you.both all eitherneither none each(注：形容词修饰不定代词位置后置，注：形容词修饰不定代词位置后置，else修饰疑问代、副修饰疑问代、副词、不定代词位置时词、不定代词位置时,else后置后置)on both sides of the street/river on either side of on each side ofon every side/all sides of th

14、e lakeon the other side of not only but alsoneithernor eitheror（谓语动词用就近的原则）（谓语动词用就近的原则）there be bothand（连接主语时谓语动词用复数（连接主语时谓语动词用复数）4数词：数词：a)数词的读法 1,000,000,000 billion million thousand一万 ten thousand 一亿 one hundred million 10亿 1 billion b)数词的表达法 概数hundreds of thousands of millions of many thousands o

15、f several hundreds of 确数 three million two thousand of the workers c)分数的表达法：分子用基数，分母用序数，分子大于1，分母的序数词加s，分数后跟名词，谓语动词依据名词形式而定。d)two and a half days=two days and a half one or two hours 固定词组固定词组in his forties on his fortieth birthday in the eighth century at age age of forty in the 1970s in a 1970s styl

16、e5动词动词 a)同义词辨析同义词辨析 take 与与 bring look for与与findlisten 与与hear hope与与wishmust与与have to see与与look search sb.与与search for sb.search+place+for sb./sth.search the Internet与与search the information on the Internetrise vi.与与raise vt.talk say speak tellarrive in/at与与reach get to used to do 与与be used to doing

17、 be used to do be used for doing be used by be used inbe made of/from be made in be made by be made up of return lendborrow keep sometimes some times sometime some time()1.What did the teacher _you to_ at the meeting?A.tell,say B.ask,speak C.tell,speak D.ask,talk()2.Do you know who theyre _ about th

18、e accident at the school gate?A.talking B.saying C.telling D.speakingACb)动词短语动词短语 动副结构：动副结构：put on put up try on turn up/down turn on/off keep off put out the fire put away put off put downthrow about litter aboutkeep away fromgive up give outlook up look down on/upon look overring up pick upgo over

19、 think over wake up work out take up take off take away take out of动介结构：动介结构：get on(off)itlook for,work on it,fall off,complain about,talk about,think aboutc)感官、使役动词感官、使役动词 see/hear/wacth/notice sb do sth Let/make/have sb do改为被动语态要加“to”注意被动语态注意被动语态1.sb.be let/made/had to do2.sb.be watched/noticed /h

20、eard/seen to do 3.sb.be seen/heard /watched/noticed doing当心：当心：The workers make machines to help farmers.d)情态动词：情态动词：注意注意may,must,should,ought to,must的否定的否定答语，注意语境，答语，注意语境，表猜测用情态动词表猜测用情态动词may,must,may be,must becant beneed作行为动词用作行为动词用 need to do(否定句、疑问句否定句、疑问句中要用助动词中要用助动词)need doing=need to be doneM

21、ust I/we?否定回答否定回答 No,you neednt/dont have to.Sb.neednt do区别区别:can be able toe)非延续性动词延续性动词borrow-keep buy-haveopen-be opendie-be deadcome(go)-be inleave-be away(from)begin-be on join-be in(a member)begin(start)to do-doget up-be upmake friends-be friendscome back-be backfall asleep-be asleep catch a c

22、old-have a coldget to know-know get(receive)a letter from-have a letter frombecome interested in-be interested inwake-be awake get married to-be married to6介词介词 a)注意注意in on at with的用法（注意时间、地点）的用法（注意时间、地点）b)比较比较 between与与 among in与与after above/below与与 over/underwalk past/by/across(bridge,street,road,

23、river)/through(desert,forest,door,tunnel,window)with 与与without beyond与与pastThe plane flew across the rainforest.c)含有一些介词的短语含有一些介词的短语connectto/with jointocontactona visit to the way to a trip to a key to an entrance to come up withcatch up with play against(with)by bike=on a bike in red in the tree 与

24、与on the treein the end at the end of与与by the end ofthe reason for 与与the cause of 同义词辨析同义词辨析 so 与such lonely与与alone before long不久以后与与long before 很早以前when while as pleased pleasure pleasant too either also as well 注意区别注意区别 close与与 closelywide与与widely hard与与hardlyhigh与与highly特殊疑问词特殊疑问词a)对人口、电话号码，用特殊疑问词

25、what(what placevisit)对人的职业用 What be sb.(What is he?)对人的相貌用 what look like (What does he look like?)对人的品质用 what look like (What does he look like?)或what be like (What is he like?)情景对话情景对话看清上下文，注意说话的环境、对象。非谓语动词非谓语动词 a)动名词动名词finish doing enjoy doing mind doing practice doing miss doing suggesting doing

26、 imagine sb doing sthdevoteto doing sth look forward to doing pay attention to doingbe used to doing cant stop/stop doingbe well worth doing be busy doingstop sb from doing keep sb from doing prevent sb from doingkeep on doingcarry on doing go on doingbe used for doing thank sb for doinghave difficu

27、lty/trouble/a good time/problems/fun doing have no time to do sth 没时间做某事need doing=need to be done require doinggive up doingspend(in)doing succeed in doing prefer doing to doing 注意区别：stop,go on,see(hear,watch),doing sth和to do sth 还有分词作定语，伴随状语b)动词的不定式动词的不定式decide to do,fail to do,would like to do,wa

28、nt to do try to do,afford to do,offer to do,used to do,begin(start)to do,need to do sth,plan to do,prefer to do,remind sb to do sth (remind sb of sth)ask(tell)sb to do,a pen to write with,the ice to skate on,the space to stand in,a place to go to,which cities to travel to if Im able to/if Im told to

29、Im glad to.Id love to (to不能省)注意下列句子：1.We should do what we can to protect the environment.2.He spent as much time as he can practising speaking English.3.Which activity do you enjoy to spend your holiday?4.What do you want me to pay attention to to learn English well?5.Which activity has he devoted

30、most of his time to to enjoy himself?6.What way do you think of to prevent pollution?c)过去分词过去分词a book written by Lu Xun a little time left a borrowed booksee a dinosaur discovered by you the book borrowed from the libraryfind road covered with snow a film directed by sb have sth done12形容词、副词形容词、副词a)

31、asas not so(as)as=lessthanb)形容词、副词比较级可以用even,much,a little,far等来修饰.c)两者之间比较用比较级，三者或三者以上用最高级。Tom is the taller of the two boys.d)比较级的叠用 fatter and fatter more and more beautiful宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句主要考查三点：1）宾语从句用陈述语序 2）宾语从句的时态与主句保持一致。宾语从句为客观事实时，用一般现在时 3）引导词 陈述句用 that；一般疑问句用 if/whether；特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词。(B)1.We dont

32、 know _ Nanjing.A.when will we go to B.when we will go to C.when do we go to D.when did we go to(D)2.Could you tell me _ the Science Museum?A.when do you visit B.when did you visitC.when will you visit D.when you will visit(A)3.Did he tell you _ at the school gate?A.who he waited for B.who he is wai

33、ting C.who did he wait for D.who he was waiting(A)4.He asked his teacher _.A.if there was a monster in Loch Ness B.when was Albert Einstein born C.how would the scientists find out the result D.where could he find the library 新趋势新趋势:近几年来，英语试卷中出现了数学、地理、物理、近几年来，英语试卷中出现了数学、地理、物理、化学等学科的综合试题化学等学科的综合试题(C)

34、1.Which of the following does paper burn in?A.CO2 B.N2 C.O2 D.H2(D)2.If Mg _ in O2,we _ MgO,and it _ combination reaction(化学变化).A.will burn;get;calls B.burns;will get;called C.will burn;can get;is calling D.burns;will get;is called(D)3.Where do you often see the sign?BUSINESS HOUES 9:0018:00 A.In a

35、hospital.B.At a school.C.In the factory.D.At the post office.(A)4.You can find the following INSTRUCTIONS KEEP IN A COLD PLACE on _.A.food B.money C.clothes D.books 注意名词单、复数形式和所有格形式。注意名词单、复数形式和所有格形式。mouse-mice true-truth confident-confidence enter-entrance tomatoes potatoes heroes mangoes importanti

36、mportance different-difference disabled ability decide-decision discuss-discussion describe-description Chinese Japanese sheep deer Englishmen Frenchmen firemen Germans humans walkmansfoot-feet tooth-teeth boot-bootsloaf-loaves leaf-leaves knife-knives half-halveswise-wisdom free-freedom greatgreatn

37、ess fitfitness kindnessgrow-growth warm-warmth strong-strength long-length weigh-weightinvite-invitation present-presentation performperformance-performerintroduce-introduction instruction stomachs arrive arrivalinventor operator visitor conductor survive-survivorfeeling(s)building(s)greeting(s)mean

38、ing(s)warning(s)twin sisters apple trees sister citiesable-ability（能力）movemovement treattreatment achieveachievement agree-agreement activeactivity diedying death dead medicinemedical natural disaster nature sun-sunny fogfoggy rainrainy stormstormy sportsportypride-proud mix-mixture-mixed 数词则应考虑基数词、

39、序数词、数词则应考虑基数词、序数词、分数各种形式分数各种形式 one-first two-second three-third four-fourth fourteenth forty-fortiethnine-ninth nineteenth ninety-ninetieth twelve-twelfth twenty-twentieth形容词、副词的转换1.politely widely safelytrue-truly（去e加ly）2.simple possible terrible comfortable gentle（去e加y）特殊形容词、副词的比较级和最高级ill many mos

40、tbad worse worst much more badlylittle-less-leastfar farther farthestfurther furthesta most beautiful city反义词：反义词：with-without,luckily(unluckily),usual-unusual,ever-never,likeunlike(dislike),careful-careless,coverdiscover,appear-disappear,able-unable 完型填空解题技巧完型填空解题技巧1纵览全文，通读1-2遍，注意主要的句子和关键性的词。2从语义、语

41、法、时态、语态、词的的搭配等方面来考虑，主谓一致，前后照应，对一些难定的答案要采取排除法，切忌看一行做一空。3代入答案，反复验证。阅读理解解题技巧阅读理解解题技巧阅读理解主要有：事实题、图表题、主旨大意题、猜测词义题和推理题等。1明确阅读任务，确定阅读策略。阅读任务可分为两类，一种是综合理解型，另一种是查找细节型。阅读方法有略读、精渎、对比式阅读等。阅读前要根据阅读任务确定阅读方式。保证阅读效果快速有效。2带着问题阅读，把握主旨结构。在阅读中要注意把握短文的中心句，注意通过查找关联词、指示代词及过渡句米分析文章的结构，要善于归纳同类事物或类似现象。3注重关键细节，结合常识推理。对于任务型阅读中

42、出现的回答问题、中英句子翻译题等，要先通过阅读比较透彻地理解文章内容，再做题。翻译句子时要忠实于原文，选用正确的句式，注意捕捉原文的人称、时态及语态等方面信息，切忌望文生义。在把英文翻译成中文的过程中，确保译文准确、贴切。有些题日要根据常识加以判断。4仔细核对答案，速度效率并举。做完题目后，应把短文连同答案仔细读一遍，并利用试题与短文或试题间的的相互暗示进行复查，确保答案的止确性。表述必须清楚、明了。书写还要规范、整洁。词汇运用题解题技巧 准确阅读全句，分析句子结构，确定空挡所担当的句子成分，依据构词规律及相关词的语法 特点，写出答案，做到句意通顺，语法正确。要根据句式关系，选用正确的词性词形

43、。动词 要注意其谓语与非谓语形式。谓语动词要根据句中时间状语或关键词注意其时态和语态，非 谓语动词形式要根据句式搭配和惯用法正确填写。名词注意单复数所有格。形容词，要注意，副词等级和反义。首字母填空解题技巧首字母填空解题技巧1通读全文，了解大意。2结合常识，关注细节，寻找提示。根据上下文分析短文中所缺成分，判断所缺单词的词类，运用常用表达句式及首字母提示，寻找答案。并注意词的变化形式，试填答案。3重读短文，验证答案。单词填好后，应将单词带入短文的空格处去验证，确保短文意思通顺，语法正确。根据具体语境和上下文分析对话中所缺成分，判断所缺单词的词类，运用常用表达句式及首 字母提示，寻找答案，试填答

44、案。注意变化形式，如动词形式和时态、语态特征等。短文填 好后，应将短文重读一遍，凭语感和语言习惯进行验证。在做缺词填空题时应在通读全篇短 文的基础上，把握各部分之间的逻辑关系，使补全后的短文思想通顺，前后连贯，且符合英 美人的语言表达方式，这样才能把缺词填空题做得完美无缺。书面表达写作技巧书面表达写作技巧书面表达写作四步骤：1细心审题，明确写作主题，确定文体形式。2归纳要点，构思写作提纲，确定人称时态。3认真起草，灵活变换句式，确保初稿完整。4反复检查，避免低级错误，书写工整无误。尽量避免以下失误：1审题不准，文体不对。2逻辑不清，层次不明。3句式杂乱，时态不当。4低级错误太多，书写马虎。常出

45、现人称和数的搭配、字母大小写、标点符号、单词拼写、习惯用语、常用句式及文体格式等低级错误。通过细心检杳，即可得以矫正。注意点：(1)内容要点全面（看清要求，日期，语言等）。(2)词汇和句型结构要准确。(3)上下文要连贯，语言要得体。(4)时态、语态，人称和数要一致以及人称代词的宾格形式。(5)注意标点符号、大小写，要分段落要分段落。(6)尽量使用学到的结构、短语，注意上下文连贯、标点符号、大小写。(7)书写要工整(8)尽量使用so,but,then,instead,because,and sothat,at first,at last,for example等连接词。我难人难我不畏难，我难人难我不畏难，我易人易我不大意！我易人易我不大意！英语应试秘诀英语应试秘诀心理战术心理战术I hope all of you can get full marksin the English exam!Wish you success!