生理学的概念及生命活动的特征 (45).ppt

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1、4Regulation of Cardiovascular Activity4.1 Nervous Regulation4.2 Humoral Regulation4.Regulation of Cardiovascular ActivityCardiovascular RegulationInnervation CardiovascularcenterCardiovascularreflexExtensiveregulationLocalregulationNeuroregulationHumoral regulationHeart pumpingLocal blood flowAutore

2、gulationThe purpose of cardiovascular activity regulation is to adapt cardiovascular activity to changes in the internal and external environment4.1.Neuroregulation4.1.1.Innervation of the heartNorepinephrine+1 receptorG-protein-AC-cAMP-PKAActivate cardiac muscle cells Ca2+channelsActivate Ca2+chann

3、els in slow response cellsActivate SA P-cell Ca2+channelsActivate phospholambanPositive chronotropic actionIncrease Ca2+influxIncrease cardiac muscle contractilityPositive inotropic actionIncrease Ca2+influxAccelerate myocardial diastoleAccelerate Ca2+uptake by LSR Increase autorhythmicitySpeed depo

4、larization in phase 4Positive dromotropic actionAccelerate atrioventricular conductionThe effect of cardiac sympathetic nerve4.1.Neuroregulation4.1.1.Innervation of the heartAcetylcholine+M receptorG protein-AC-cAMP-PKADecrease Ca2+influxNegative chronotropic actionDecrease autorhythmicityDecrease C

5、a2+and Na+influx in phase 4Shorten plateau Decrease Ca2+influxAccelerate K+efflux in repolarizationWeaken contractilityDecrease Ca2+influxSlower atrioventricular conductionNegative dromotropic actionInhibit cardiac muscle cells Ca2+channelsActivate cardiac muscle cells IK-AchInhibit Ca2+channels in

6、slow response cellsNegative inotropic actionInhibit SA P-cell Ca2+channelsThe effect of cardiac vagus nerve4.1.Neuroregulation4.1.3.Cardiovascular ReflexWhen the bodys physiological state,internal or external environment changes,the nervous system regulates cardiovascular activity through various ca

7、rdiovascular reflexes,which cause cardiovascular activity to change accordingly in response to the bodys state or environment at the time.4.1.Neuroregulation4.1.3.Cardiovascular ReflexCarotid Sinus-Aortic Arch BaroreceptorCarotid Sinus Aortic Arch Baroreceptor 4.1.Neuroregulation4.1.3.Cardiovascular ReflexCarotid Sinus-Aortic Arch Baroreceptor Reflexes Reflex effects