高三英语二轮复习专题形容词副词学案.docx

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1、教师有目标有方向，学生才能有收获有所得。普通高中英语（2019版）二轮复习学案 形容词、副词出题人：高三英语组 审核人：高三英语组 使用时间： 前言： 形容词和副词是历年来高考的高频考点之一，考察的内容主要涉及形容词语副词之间的转换名词转换成形容词倍数的表达法、形容词或副词的比较级和最高级在常用句式中的应用，有时也会利用具体语境来考察比较级和最高级。考点一： 形容词和副词的基本用法一、 形容词的基本用法（形容词用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。）1. 形容词作定语（1）一般情况下，作定语的形容词要放在被修饰词之前。

2、（直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。）（2）形容词修饰有some-, any-, no-, every- 等构成的复合不定代词时通常后置。 The doctor did everything possible to save the man.（3） 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。这类词有afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。（4） 当两个形容词用bothand，and，or或so连接在

3、一起作定语时，须置于被修饰的名词后。2. （1）形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表示动作的方式，而是用来修饰句子的主语。Having been praised by the teacher, the little girl ran back home, happy_and_satisfied（2）副词作状语，放在句首，通常用逗号隔开，用来修饰整个句子。Frankly,_I dont like the way you speak to your mother.3以-ly结尾的形容词 （1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely

4、，lively，ugly，silly，timely，brotherly仍为形容词。 （2）有些以-ly 结尾的词既为形容词，也为副词。如daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early。The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily4用形容词表示类别和整体 （1）某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead，the rich，the poor（2）有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。名师小课堂 易用错的副词beside在旁边besides此外；而

5、且high在高处；高highly高度地；很；非常wide广阔的；充分的widely广泛地；普遍地deep“深”，表示空间深度deeply表示感情上的深度，“深深地”free免费地freely自由地；畅通地close (距离)近”closely仔细地hard努力地hardly几乎不near在附近nearly几乎；差不多考点二：形容词和副词的比较等级（1）规则变化词形分类及变化构成原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般加-er或-esttalltallertallest以e结尾的，只加-r或-stnicenicernicest以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母，再加-e

6、r或-estbigfathotsadthinwetbiggerfatterhottersadderthinnerwetterbiggestfattesthottestsaddestthinnestwettest以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加-er或-esthappyeasybusyhappiereasierbusierhappiesteasiestbusiest其他双音节词和多音节词在前面加more或mostdifficultbeautifulmore difficultmore beautifulmost difficultmost beautiful（2） 不规则变化原级比较级最高级

7、good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostoldolder/elderoldest/eldestlittlelessleastfarfarther(具体)farthest(具体)furthest(抽象)further(抽象)2. 比较等级的用法（1） 同级比较1as 形容词或副词原级 as (1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so.as He cannot run so/as fast as you.(2)当as.as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。as 形容词a/an单数名词 as many/much 名词This is as good a

8、n example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.(3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词作修饰语时，放在as的前面。This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the_same size as mine. (4) 倍数 as adj. as倍数 then. ofThis bridge is three times as_long_as that one. This bridge is three times the_length_of that one.（2）

9、比较级形容词或副词比较级 than You are taller_than I.(1)要避免重复使用比较级He is more clever than his brother.() He is more cleverer than his brother.()(2)要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger_than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.可修饰比较级的词 (1)a bit, a little, rather, much

10、, far, by far, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even等。(2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。(3)以上词(除by far)外，必须置于形容词或副词比较级的前面。、几种比较等级的特殊用法1下列词和短语不用比较级形式却表示比较概念： prefer to, superior, major, junior, preferable, compared with, different from, rather than2“比较级and 比较级”或“more and more/less and less 原级”以及“ever, steadily,

11、 daily等副词比较级”结构表示“越来越”的意思，与这类结构搭配的常用动词有grow, get ，become等。前面两种情况更多地出现在进行时态中，注意的是这三种情况引导的比较级后面都不需要用than。Things are getting worse_and_worse As I spoke to him he became less_and_less_angry3有关比较级的特殊句型no more than 仅仅 not more than 至多，不超过 no比较级than. 两者一样都不not比较级than. 不如The heart is no_more_intelligent_tha

12、n the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.（3） 最高级1三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常含有比较范围用介词in, over, of, among。He is the_tallest_of the three boys. Basketball is the_most_popular_of sports in this country.2最高级的其它表达法否定词比较级 比较级thanany other 单数名词比较级thanall the other 复数名词 比较级thana

13、ny of the other 复数名词2最高级的其它表达法否定词比较级 比较级thanany other 单数名词 比较级thanall the other 复数名词比较级thanany of the other 复数名词比较级thananyone/anything else直击高考小试身手1. （2021新高考I，58）It wil (undoubted) help you get refreshed !2. Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life, everlasting love and happiness, early bir

14、th of a (health) baby and so on.3. （2021 浙江,59） When the house was built, it was much (small) than it is today.4. （2021 郑州段考, 68) As he walked around the block, A. J.s neighbors, friends, and family came up and asked what he was doing , and he was (pleasant ) surprised when they started to join in a

15、nd donate to the cause.5. Jin Yong achieved a (great) success than any other contemporary writer.6. （2021 全国甲,70) Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their (day) routines.7. (obvio

16、us）, a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.8. These days, as compared to ten to fifteen years ago, the job of assembly is made (simple) by producers of parts that are largely standardized.9. （2021 云南师大附中月考,50） They have (large) lungs , exchange air more fully at each breath,

17、 and carry more oxygen in their blood than we do, so they can hold their breath long enough to sleep with the fishes.10. （2021甘肃天水段考,50）In my opinion, happiness is not about pursuing wealth merely tbut about admiring the (beauty) things in life.11. （2021 安徽肥东月考,61) The Great Wall is one of the (grea

18、t ) structures in the world. 12. Sometimes when a long time goes by without being recognized for the good we do, we start to get upset, but a simple statement of appreciation could make us become (energy) again for a good long time.13. （2020新高考I, 56）In the 18th and 19th centuries, (wealth) people tr

19、avelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.14. The more support you win from others, the (fast) you will move toward your goal.15. His works have been (wide) translated into many languages including English, French, Korean and Japanese.16. （2021 新高考 I, 59) The amazing thing ab

20、out the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the (hot) the spring !17. （2021 全国甲,65) Afier spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what (good) than to ride on a piece of history !18. (2021 全国己，68）Provide (finance) a

21、id and other benefits for local peoples.19. （2021 安徽砀山月考，62) While it is no secret that operating a cell phone behind the wheel can be dangerous, it is often thought that there is near (little ) risk if drivers use a hands-free cell phone.20. (2021广西桂林月考，65） It brings manyelements（元素） together, and

22、everything in the show is (perfect) matched and turns out amazing.参考答案1. undoubtedly设空处作状语，需用副词形式。2. healthy 解析：考查形容词。句意：人们向这对新人祝酒，祝愿他们长命百岁,天长地久,永远幸福，早生贵子，等等。设空处作定语,修饰名词baby,故填形容词 healthy。3. smaller 由空前的 much 和空后的 than 可知应用比较级。4. pleasantly 设空处作状语，需用副词。5. greater 解析：句意：金庸是最成功的当代作家。根据句中的介词than 可知，设空处

23、需填形容词great 的 比较级greater.6. daily 设空处作routines 的定语，需填形容词 daily。7. Obviously 解析：句意：很明显，一个好习惯能够帮助我们加速抵达目的地。设空处修饰逗号后面的句子，作状语，应用副词。故填 Obviously。8. simpler 解析：句意：与10至15年前相比，现在的部件生产商把部件在很大程度上都标准化了,这使得组装工作更容易了。设空处作主语补足语，根据本向中“as compared to tento fifteen years ago”推知，设空处含有比较的意味，故答茶为形容词的比较级simpler。9. larger

24、设空处作lungs 的定语，需用形容词;根据 more可知需填形容词比较级形式。10. beautiful设空处作定语，说明things的特征，需用形容词形式。11. greatest由常识可知此处需用形容词最高级。12. energetic 解析：向意：有时，我们做了好事很长时间却没得到认可，我们就会感到不高兴,但是简单的表示认可的话叉会使我们很长时问内感到精力充沛。设空处作表语，意为精力充沛的”,故填形容词 energetic。13. wealthy设空处作people 的定语。14. faster 解析：句意：你赢得别人的支持越多,就会越快地接近你的目标。此处为“the十比较级，the十

25、比较级”结构，意为“越，就越”。因此，设空处应用比较级。故填faster.15. widely 解析：句意：他的作品被广泛翻译成多种语言,包括英语、法语、韩语和日语。设空处作状语，修饰谓语 have beentranslated，故填wide 的副词形式widely。16. hotter 根据 the colder tine tempperature sels 可知此处应高是“thet比较级,the+比较级”结构，故填 hotter。17. better 此处表示“有什么比在历史遗迹上骑行更好呢”。根据设空处后 than可知应用形容词 good 的比较级。18. financial 设空处修饰名词 aid,应填形容词形式。19. less 根据逻辑可知设空处需用比较级形式。20. perfectly 此处应用副词修饰matched。学科网（北京）股份有限公司