Unit 2 SectionA (2d&Grammar Focus-4c )同步导学案 人教版八年级英语下册 .doc

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1、 Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city park.(SectionA2d&Grammar Focus-4c)导学案学生姓名班级序号课题内容Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city park.Section A2d&Grammar Focus-4c学习目标与核心素养1. Curriculum words: lonely,raise, midnight, alone 2. Useful expressions: used to,care for,put up, be busy with, be worried about, rai

2、se money for3. Grammar：短语动词 动词不定式4. Sentences：Id like to help homeless people. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids.学习重点1.动副短语的用法2.非谓语动词 （动词不定式）的用法。学习难点【预习】 句子。 1. 我想去帮助无家可归的人。 Id _ _ _ homeless people. 2. 你可以请求医院允许你探访儿童并让他们变得更高兴。You could _ hospitals _ _ you visit the kids and cheer th

3、em up.3. 她自愿一周去那里一次帮助孩子们学习读书。 She _ there once a week _ _ kids learn to read.4. 她决定参加一个志愿者课后阅读节目的选拔。 She _ _ try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 5. 马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想工作。 Mario believes it can help him _ _ his future dream job. 6. 我正在制作一些告示，并将它们张贴于学校里。 Im making some signs _ _ _ aroun

4、d the school.【探究】 Task1:2d1.Read 2d and answer the following questions.1). Who plans to work in the old peoples home?_2). When did Tom work in the old peoples home?_3).How does Tom think about the old people? _4). What did Tom do to help the old people?_5). Why did Tom and Helen think that they shou

5、ld listen to and care for the old people? _2. Language points1).They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。【解析】(1) use v.使用useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完Studying English is_(use).(2) use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事We use Internet _(find) information.(3) used to do

6、 sth. 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。My mother used_（tell）us story when we were young.( ) He used to _short and _ short hair when he was young. A. have; be B. be; have C. be; be D. have; have(4) be /get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事My grandpa is used _(live) in country. (5) be used to do sth. 被用来做某事=be

7、used for doing sth. Stamps is used _(post) letters.【记】He used to wear glasses. But now he is used to wearing contact lenses. 他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。2).Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。He often walks alone to hom

8、e .(2)lonely 指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；也可指某个地方是荒凉的( ) 1.The old man lives _，but he never feels _. A. alone;lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely( ) 2.He did the work all by himself. A. already B. together C. alone D. lonely Task2:Grammar focus探究一、短语动词短语动词是由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的固定词组或习语（idioms），其

9、作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。常见短语动词的类型和用法:1.动词+介词-相当于及物动词，后面必须有宾语，且宾语只能位于介词之后。look after 照顾look at看 care for 非常喜欢；照顾think about 考虑 agree with 同意 wait for 等待I agree with what you said.He cared for her more than she realized.2.动词+副词-可看作及物动词，名词作宾语时，可位于动词与副词之间或副词之后；代词作宾语时；只能位于动词与副词之间。有的也可看作不及物动词。c

10、heer up 振奋起来 clean up 打扫干净 give up 放弃put off 推迟 take away 拿走 fix up 修理 turn down 调低；拒绝This is a new word. Youd better look it up in the dictionary.Its too noisy. Please turn down the TV. =Its too noisy. Please turn the TV down.3.动词+副词+介词-相当于及物动词， 宾语位于介词之后。catch up with 赶上 come up with 想出 look forwar

11、d to 期望 run out of 用完，耗尽He worked hard to catch up with his classmates.Im looking forward to the weekend.4.动词+名词+介词-相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语位于介词之后。make fun of 取笑 make use of 利用 pay attention to 注意take care of 照顾 make friends with 与交往Its impolite to make fun of your classmate.We could make better use

12、of our resources.探究二、动词不定式 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时to可省略。它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。其否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。例：He wants to see a movie tonight. 他今晚想看电影。My teacher advised me not to stay up late.我的老师建议我不要熬夜动词不定式是一种非谓语动词。非谓语动词：在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词(它不受人称和数的限制),包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）动词不定式的用法:1.动词不定式作宾语-常接动词

13、不定式作宾语的动词有：想要 拒绝 忘记 (want, refuse, forget) 需要 努力 学习 (need, try, learn） 选择 同意 帮助 (choose, agree, help）希望 决定 开始 (hope/wish/expect, decide, begin/start）Lily wants to find a job as an English teacher in Beijing.He decided to help the homeless.2.动词不定式作宾语补足语:常接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish, he

14、lp, warn, invite, encourage 等。Sam asked me to help him.The teacher always tells us not to swim in the river.3.动词不定式作目的状语:动词不定式作目的状语，可以放在句首，一般用逗号与后面的内容隔开，也可以放在句尾。To get there on time, they started early.4.动词不定式作主语:动词不定式作主语时，通常表示一个具体的、特定的行为，其谓语动词用单数形式。To know oneself is difficult. 人能自知，实属不易。5.动词不定式作表语

15、My duty is to look after the animals.6.动词不定式作定语:动词不定式作定语时通常要放在所修饰词之后。Who was the first one to arrive?使用动词不定式需要注意的几个问题：1.不定式（短语）作主语时，常由it代替它作形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。主要有三种情况。1） It is +名词 + to do sth.Its our duty to take good care of the old.2）It takes sb. +some time + to do sth.It takes us two hours to fini

16、sh the work.3）It is+形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish, right, wrong.) (+for/of sb.)+to do sth.It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.It is very important for young people to master two foreign languages.It is clever of you to do that.2.feel, find, make, think等动词后如果是不定式作宾语，宾语补足语是形容词或

17、名词，常用it作形式宾语，把不定式放到宾语补足语之后。如：我发现记住所有的很难。I find _everything. 我觉得冬天堆雪人是很有趣的。I think_in winter. 3.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语不定式通常不带to，这样的动词主要有三看 ( see, watch, notice )、三让( let, make, have )、二听( hear, listen to )、一感觉( feel )。【特别提醒】：动词不定式在help后作宾补时，可带to也可不带to。Did you notice her leave the house?I saw her get into the car.His parents make him sweep the floor.The teachers often help us (to) solve problems.探究三、 Finish4a-4c学科网（北京）股份有限公司