佳句赏析哈克贝利费恩历险记素材--高考英语复习.docx

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1、哈克贝利费恩历险记佳句赏析佳句赏析1. You dont know me unless youve read a book called The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. That book was written by Mr. Mark Twain. In it, Mr. Twain told the honest truth. Well, maybe he added a few extra things here and there. (Page 1, Lines 15)你若没有看过一本叫做汤姆索亚历险记的书，你就不会知道我这个人。那本书是马克 吐温先生写的，大

2、体上他讲的是实情。对了，可能有些事是他添油加醋生造出来的。这是马克吐温精心设计的使用第一人称叙述小说的创作手法，以一个天真、诚实的白人小男孩哈克的视角来讲述他的亲身经历，给读者提供了一个感受小说叙述事件的最佳视角，使得读者既能够真实地感受到主人公的经历和心路历程，又能够正确地认识当时美国社会的现实状况，增加了故事的真实性。2. She cleaned off the dirt, and she looked so sad about it that I decided I would behave for a while. (Page 12, Lines 68)她把我衣服上的尘土弄干净,一脸很

3、难过的样子,这倒让我下定决心这阵子我该学得规矩些才是。句中 so that 结构引导的是结果状语从句，表示“如此以至”，常用结构有：so + adj. /adv. + that 从句；so + adj. +a(n) + 单数可数名词+ that 从句；so + many/few + 复数可数名词+that 从句；so + much/little + 不可数名词+that 从句。He ran so fast that I couldnt catch up with him. 他跑得太快，以至于我赶不上他。She is so nice a girl that we all love her. 她是

4、那么好的一个女孩，我们都喜欢她。3. His hair was long and tangled and greasy. It was deep black, and so was his scruffy whiskers. What I could make out of his face was ghostly white. (Page 19, Lines 47)他的头发很长，油腻腻地绞成一团，乌黑乌黑的，和他那脏兮兮乱糟糟的络腮胡子一样。他的脸则是煞白的。(1) 句中 so 引导的部分倒装结构，表示“（另一主语）也是”，常用结构：so+ be 动词/情态动词/助动词+主语。Mary is

5、 from the USA, and so is Tom. 玛丽是美国人，汤姆也是。You love English songs, and so do I. 你喜欢英文歌曲，我也喜欢。neither/nor 也可引导部分倒装结构，表示“（另一主语）也不”，常用结构：neither/nor+ be 动词/情态动词/助动词+主语。Jack didnt play football yesterday. Nor did Mike. 杰克昨天没踢足球，迈克也没有。(2) 句中 what I could make out of his face 是主语从句，充当句子的主语，表示“所的”。What I co

6、uld see in his eyes was confidence. 从他的眼睛里，我看到的是自信。4. I was about to throw my fishing line in when I saw something else floating toward me. It was a canoe. (Page 26, Lines 1314)我刚要把鱼线扔进河里，这时，我突然发现河上有个东西朝我漂来。它是一只独木舟。句中 was about to dowhen为固定句型，表示“刚要干某事，另一件事意外发生。” He was about to run away when the pol

7、iceman came. 他刚要逃跑，警察来了。5. She was a stranger, which was lucky for me. (Page 40, Line 7)4学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司幸运的是，她不认识我。句中 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，指代前面句子的一种情况, 相当于 That she was a stranger was lucky for me. 或者The fact that she was a stranger was lucky for me.He came out firs

8、t in the competition, which made his parents proud.他在竞赛中获得第一，这使得他的父母引以为豪。6. But then she started talking about something else that really stirred my blood. (Page 41, Lines 1112)不过,她又接着聊起了另一件事,这事儿倒让我心惊肉跳。句中 stir 本意为“搅拌，搅动”，引申为“激起（强烈的反应/感情）”。 She stirred her coffee with a white spoon. 她用一个白色调羹搅拌咖啡。The

9、 old story succeeded in stirring the girls imagination.这个久远的故事激发了那个女孩的想象力。7. It wont be long before this steamboat washes back into the river and sinks. (Page 47, Lines 8 9)要不了多久,这条汽船便会被冲走,沉入河底。句中 It wont be long before为固定句型，表示“不久将会”。类似表达有：It will be +段时间 before，表示“将会过多久才”；It wasnt long before, 表示“不

10、久就”。 It will be three years before the museum is finished. 那个博物馆要过三年才能完工。It wasnt long before they became close friends. 不久，他们就成了亲密的朋友。8. But when I picked it up, a slip of paper fell out with Half-past two written on it in pencil. (Page 57, Lines 1920)但是当我拿起那本圣经,里面掉出一张小纸条,上面用铅笔写着“两点半”。句中 with Half-

11、past two written on it 是 with +名词/代词/数词+done 的复合结构，充当句子的状语，表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随状况或附加说明等。类似结构有：with +名词/代词/数词+adj./adv./prepositional phrase/to do/doing/done。He was very tired falling asleep with all his clothes on. 他太累了，和衣而睡。We all feel very happy with summer holiday to come. 暑假即将来临，我们都感到非常开心。With my

12、homework finished, I went to the cinema happily.作业完成了，我开开心心地去看电影了。9. “I should have shot old Harney that day in the woods,” Buck went on. “We wouldnt be having this trouble if I had.” (Page 60, Lines 1820)“那天在小树林里，我本该把那个老哈尼毙掉，”巴克接着说。“如果那样，我们就不会有现在的麻烦了。”句中 should have done和wouldnt be doing为虚拟语气，分别表对于

13、过去的事实的虚拟， “本应该干了”及对现在事实的虚拟，“现在就不会”。虚拟条件句有三种基本句型，分别表示对将来事实、现在事实、过去事实相反。与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式 did 或 should do 或 were to do，主句谓语用would/could/should/might +v.；与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式 did，主句谓语用would/could/should/might +v.；与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成式 had done，主句谓语用 would/could/should/might +have done。We wouldnt be ha

14、ving this trouble if I had. 此句为错综时间虚拟，表 “如果当时,现在就”，此句完整表述为 We wouldnt be having this trouble now if I had shot old Harney that day in the woods.If he had followed the old ladys advice, he wouldnt be hurt now.如果他当时听从老太太的建议，他现在就不会受伤了。10. “Here I am, wearing rags and riding on a raft, when I should be

15、dressed in the best tailored suits and sailing on a steamboat.” (Page 64, Lines 1517)“看我沦落到如此地步穿着破衣烂衫，还乘着个木筏，而我本该穿一身剪裁讲究的西装坐在轮船上的。”句中 when 引导的从句和前面的主句为转折关系，意思是“然而，可是”。He usually pays the bill in cash when he can pay by check.他通常用现金付账，而他本可以用支票支付。11. The duke watched for minute, then his eyes brighten

16、ed up like hed finally caught on. (Page 72, Lines 1516)公爵看了会儿，眼睛突然亮了起来，似乎终于领会了他的意思。句中 catch on 为短语，意思是“理解，明白”。catch on 还可以表示“变得流行”。It took me several minutes to catch on to what the teacher said.我花了几分钟才突然弄明白老师的意思。The new album Chromatica by Lady Gaga will catch on very quickly. Lady Gaga 的新专辑Chromat

17、ica将会很快流行开来。12. In walked two gentlemen wearing fine clothes and shiny boots. (Page 78, Lines 8-9)两位穿着漂亮衣服和闪亮靴子的绅士走了进来。句中 In walked为完全倒装结构，相当于 Two gentlemen wearing fine clothes and shiny boots walked in.当表示方位的副词 in、out、up、down、away 等位于句首时，句子的谓语动词常是 come、go、rush 等表示运动的动词，此时若句子的主语是名词，句子通常完全倒装。Out rus

18、hed the naughty boy. 那个调皮的男孩冲了出去。13. I kept my fingers crossed that he could answer. (Page 80, Lines 56)我祈愿那人能告诉我答案。句中 keep ones fingers crossed 为固定短语，意思是“祈愿”。We kept our fingers crossed for his safe return from war. 我们祈愿他从战场上平安归来。14. I looked around and saw a window high up that had a board nailed

19、across it. (Page 87, Lines 56)我环顾四周，看见高处有一扇窗户，上面横钉着一块木板。句中 that had a board nailed across it 为定语从句，修饰 window，其中nailed across it 是过去分词短语作定语，修饰 board。15. Jim wiped some of the sweat from his forehead. “That was a mighty good job you boys did. Nobody couldve done it better.” (Page 91, Lines 68)吉姆擦了擦额头上

20、的汗，说：“这一回兄弟们干得好！无人能及！”句中Nobody couldve done it better. 为比较级 (better) 的否定，相当于最高级的肯定表达。I couldnt have seen a more beautiful garden than yours. 我不可能看到比你家更漂亮的花园了。16. The old doctor was walking right beside him. And so was Jim with his hands tied behind his back. (Page 97, Lines 68)那个老医生走在他（汤姆）旁边，吉姆也在，双手被反绑在身后。句中 so was Jim 为 so 引导的部分倒装结构 so + be 动词/情态动词/助动词+主语，表示“（主语）也”, 相当于Jim was walking beside him, too.，吉姆也走在汤姆的旁边。with his hands tied 为 with 的复合结构，做伴随状语。The girl was dozing in the chair. So was the boy with his arms crossed.女孩在椅子上打盹，男孩也是，双臂交叉着。