人教版中考英语二轮复习-动词.docx

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1、9.动 词课标要求掌握动词的功能和意义动词是表示动作或状态的词。动词具有人称、数量、时态、语态和语态变化。动词分类：动词有助动词、情态动词、联系动词和行为动词(实义动词 )四类。一）助动词助动词没有任何含义，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语，帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。常见的助动词有do, does, did, have,等。二）情态动词情态动词本身有一定含义，但不能单独作谓语，要和行为动词一起构成谓语。它们也能表明句子的否定、疑问或时态上的区别。常见的情态动词有：can, may, must, need, should等。一情态动词的用法1. can 用

2、法1）表示能力，与be able to同义，但can只用于现在时和过去时，be able to可用于各种时态。2).表示允许、请求用could比can 语气更加委婉客气，常用于could I /you .?句型中，若表示同意时，用can回答而不用could .3）。表示推测 “可能”常用于否定句或疑问句中。（cant表示一定不是）2. may 用法1）表允许，请求= can 表示许可或征求对方的许可，常于第一人称连用。2）表推测，可能、也许。常用于肯定句中。3. must1）表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。2）mustnt 表禁止、不允许。 3）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于

3、肯定句。4.need的用法 need既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要否定句或疑问句中。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。5.must 与have to 1).一般情况下，两者可互换。 must = have to 2).must “必须，应该”表示说话人的主观看法，即说话人认为必须干某事。（内在原因） have to “必须，不得不”强调客观需要，即外界因素迫使某人不得不干某事。（外界原因）三）系动词连词动词的种类联系动词含有一定意义，它们要与其后做表语的形容词、名词或介词（短语）一起构成合成谓语。系动词按意义可分为三类，而且有自己的特定用法。常见的连系动词有:一 “是”

4、( be - is / am / are ),一 “感”( feel -felt ),二 “保持”(keep-kept, stay ),四个 “起来”( look, sound, smell-smelt, taste ) ,“好像”( seem ) 一下 “变”( get, turn, become)了三.四）行为动词 (实义动词) 行为动词又称实义动词，它们都含有实在的意义，表示动作或状态，可在句中独立作谓语。行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。、及物动词及物动词后一定要跟宾语，意思才能完整。2、不及物动词 不及物动词意义完整，不需带宾语，但如果有些不及物动词非要带宾语时，必须先加介词后加宾

5、语。二、动词的时态1.一般现在时主语+V/主语+Vs2.一般过去时主语+Ved3.一般将来时主语+will+V/主语+be going to +V4.现在进行时主语+am/is/are +Ving5.过去进行时主语+was/were +Ving6.现在完成时主语+have/has+Vedhave(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用.have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。have(has) been in 表

6、示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。与时间段连用时，短暂性动词应改为相应的延续性动词。1) come/go to - be at /in 2)leave -be away from 3)buy -have 4) borrow /lend -keep 4)open -be open 5)close-be closed 6) die-be dead 7) start/begin -be on 8) join-be in /be a member of /be a soldier 9) become be 10) fall aslee

7、p -be asleep 11)catch a cold have a cold 12) have/has gone to have been in 13) put on wear 14) finish/end be over 15) marry be married7.过去完成时主语+had+Ved一、单项选择1. Julie, how do you like sad movies?I cant stand them. They always make me_.A. cryB. excite C. relaxD. smile 2. Shall we go camping on Saturda

8、y or Sunday?_ is OK. Ill be free this weekend.A. AllB. BothC. EveryD. Either 3. Dad, could I hang out with my friend now? No, you _. You havent finish your homework yet. A. couldnt B. cant C.neednt D.may not 4. Do you often help with the housework? Yes, I always help to _ the dishes after dinner. A.

9、 buy B. wash C. find D. draw5. What time did you get to Beijing? I _ to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening. A. get B. gets C. got D. will get6. Kate, your dress _ nice. Thank you. I bought it yesterday. .A. soundsB. looksC. smellsD. tastes7. Whose book is this? It _ be Jacks. His name is on it. .A. must

10、B. mightC. couldD. cant8. Hi, Lucy. Where did you go last night?Tinas house. I _ to her birthday party.A. inviteB. invitedC. is invitedD. was invited9. Dont _ others homework. You should do it by yourself.A. copyB. offerC. cheat D. help 10. I called you last night, but you didnt answer. Oh, I _ a sh

11、ower at that time.A. took B. was taking C. will take D. am taking11. Those are Sallys parents.Really? They_young.AlookBtaste Csmell Dsound12. Mom is coming back. Lets clean the living room.OK. She will be angry if she _ this mess!A. saw B. sees C. will see D. has seen13. We should making a noise in

12、the libraryA. avoidB. prefer C. practice D. enjoy14. Can Peter play games with us, Mrs. Hawking?Wait a minute. He_ a shower . A. is taking B. taken C. took D. was taking15. Why do you like watching the news? Because I _ to find out whats going on around the world. A. hope B. remember C. forget D. wo

13、nder16. The dish you cooked _ so good! I want to have more. Glad to hear that! Ill get you some more right now. A. looks B. sounds C. sees D. tastes17. How long does it _ you to get to school? About ten minutes.A. pay B. take C. cost D. spend18. Carlas mother is strict with her. Carla _ to stay out

14、too late at night.A. isnt allowedB. is allowed C. allows D. doesnt allow19. How long has Tom _? Since I saw him last year.A. got marriedB. come to China C. left his schoolD. worked here20. Nobody _ to go to the park with a pet dog. I agree. A. allows B. is allowedC. will allowD. was allowed21. China

15、s third-generation nuclear technology Hualong One (华龙一号) _ into use, which could allow China to use more clean energy. A. has putB. will putC. is puttingD. was put22. Boys and girls, who can answer the question? I _, Miss Black. Its easy. A. can B. cant C. must D. mustnt23. Please _ your room, Rick.

16、 Its in a mess. OK. Just a minute, mom.A. cleanB. buildC. takeD. open24. Im afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work. Dont worry. I will _ you then. A. notice B. allow C. remind D. promise25. You look upset. Whats wrong? My parents dont allow me _ out with my friends.A. hang B. hangs C. han

17、ged D. to hang26. Where are you going this month? We _ go to Xiamen, but were not sure.A. neednt B. might C. must D. mustnt27. Jeff, how long have you _? For two years. I have owned it since my twelfth birthday.A . had the watch B. got the ring C. borrowed the book D. bought the bag28. Bob, can you

18、take the dog for a walk?Sorry, Dad. Ianonline class.A. takeB.tookC.amtakingD.havetaken29.Will you go to Jasons concert tonight?Ofcourse. I love to hear him.A.singB. singsC. sangD. to sing30. Doctors tell us our hands before and after every mealA. wash B. washed C. washing D. to wash31. How long have

19、 you ? For about two years.A. bought the bike B. got to China C. lived here D. borrowed the book32.What _it be?It _ be a mail box, for it is moving .It _be a car. A. can; cant; must B. can; can; must C. can; mustnt; must D.must; mustnt;can 33.Why did Ruths mother _ her going out to play?Because she

20、hasnt finished her homework.A.advise B.promise C.keep D.prevent34.The coat looks very nice. Why not buy one ? It doesnt _me. Im a little black so I dont want a white one. A. suit B. give C. cover D. fail35. What flowers should I buy to _ my love? How about rose?A. educate B. express C. receive D. ci

21、rcle二、用所给单词的适当形式填空1If everyone _(follow) the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.2France has many fantastic sights(名胜), the Eiffel Tower _(include)3So far, Moms work of art has _(win) high praise from the art community.4What you said in class _(sound) very reasonable.5My brother _(promise)

22、to buy me a new bike yesterday.6Its a good chance to improve your English. Youd better not _(miss) it.7The reason why I did not go to the theater last night was that I could not _(afford) the time.8For most of us, learning not to do the things were used to doing _(require) great effort.9I wonder if

23、it _ tomorrow. If it _， we will stay at home instead.(rain)10The little girl usually _(hide) herself behind her parents in the past, but now she is quite outgoing.11Were always _(argue) with each other about money.12He had his wallet _(steal) on the metro(地铁) again. How unlucky he was!13He suggested

24、 that I should practice _(speak) English every day.14Almost every university now has a website which _(allow) us to look through the information about it.15China is getting better and better at _(make) hightechnology products. People around the world can hardly avoid _(buy) the products made in China.