高考英语高频词汇表达 阅读训练（DAY 16）含答案解析.doc

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1、2022高考英语3500词汇表达+阅读训练（DAY 16）目录内容Section A高频词汇讲解以及短语表达Section B阅读理解强化训练Section C七选五综合练习Section A高频词汇讲解以及短语表达1. solve vt. 解决；解答；溶解 vi. 作解答常用短语：solve sth. 解决(问题）词语辨析：这组词都有“解决”的意思，其区别是：solve 普通用词，含义广，指为有一定难度的问题找到满意的解法或答复。resolve 主要指对问题或情况进行细微的分析或思索，以得出结论或解决途径。2. type n. 类型，品种；模范；样式 vt. 打字；测定（血等）类型 vi.

2、打字常用短语：type of 类型in type 排好版type in 打入，输入by type 按类型；依类型3. logical adj. 合逻辑的，合理的；逻辑学的4. operator n. 经营者；操作员；话务员；行家5. coach n. 教练；旅客车厢；长途公车；四轮大马车 vt. 训练；指导 vi. 作指导；接受辅导；坐马车旅行词语辨析：这组词都有“教育，培养”的意思，区别是instruct 与teach含义很接近，但语体较正式。指系统、详细、精心地传播知识，侧重教授与指示。coach 指对个人或小组等进行辅导、训练或补课。tutor 指进行个别教学或课外辅导。train 指训

3、练与培养。teach 最普通用词，含义广泛。指直接教某人知识或技能等，侧重传播知识和帮助应用知识。educate 较正式用词，指教育，内容比teach广泛，侧重动机或结果，或对潜在能力的开发。6. rocket n. 火箭 vi. 飞快地移动；迅速增加 vt. 用火箭运载7. explore vt./ vi. 探索；探测；探险8. android n. 机器人 、安卓版本9. human race 人类10. character n. 性格，品质；特性；角色；计 字符 vt. 印，刻；使具有特征常用短语：Chinese character 汉字in character 相称；适合 ；符合/不符

4、合的性格(或特点)11. mop vt. 擦干；用拖把拖洗 vi. 用拖把擦洗地板；扮鬼脸 n. 拖把；蓬松的头发；鬼脸常用短语：mop up 擦；用拖把拖洗；结束词语辨析：这组词都有“使干净”的意思，其区别是clear 指清除不要的东西。clean 是这些动词中最常用的词，指将某物或某处的污物等清除掉，弄干净。dust 指将积落在物体表面的尘土抹去、掸掉或擦去以保干净。wipe 多指用布、纸等物把东西擦净，也指擦掉某物。mop 侧重指用拖把擦洗地板，有时也指擦干净或擦去。sweep 指用扫帚等进行清扫，也用作比喻。12. watch over 看守；监视；照管13. naughty adj.

5、 顽皮的，不听话的；不适当的；下流的14. niece n. 外甥女，侄女nephew n. 侄子；外甥15. anyhow adv. 总之；无论如何；不管怎样16. so that 以便；所以17. happiness n. 幸福18. reality n. 现实；实际；真实常用短语：in reality 实际上；事实上harsh reality 严酷的现实；残酷的现实virtual reality 虚拟现实19. deal with 处理；与交易；应付；对待词语辩词：这组词都有“处理”的意思，其区别是handle 从原义“手柄”，转引申为作“处理”解时，其内涵是管理和操纵。dispose

6、of 与deal with同义，普通用法。manage 指处理日常事务与工作，也可指经营管理。deal with 既可指处理具体事情，也可指处理或解决具有抽象意义的问题。cope with 指成功地处理或对付更为重大，更为严重的问题或事物。20. as a result 结果21. in a way 在某种程度上；有点儿to some degree 在某种程度上；有点，稍微22. personally adv. 亲自地；当面；个别地；就自己而言23. universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的 n. 一般概念；普通性词语辨析：usual 平常的，惯常的ordinary 平凡

7、的，词义与common接近，指符合一般或常规事物标准或相同的规格，因而只具有普通的特性common 普通的，共有的，指从质量或品德上无特殊或显眼之处，属于大多数人或事物所具有的，常见的popular 大众的，受欢迎的，指属于或代表大众的某事物，强调常见的，大众化的特征normal 正常的，正规的，指符合某种标准的universal 普遍的，有完全没有例外之意；general 一般的，普通的，含有例外情况较少之意或暗示包括全部同一范畴的事物；24. application n. 应用；申请；敷用；（对事物、学习等）投入常用短语：application for 申请相关词汇：applicant n

8、.申请人，申请者；请求者applicable adj.可适用的；可应用的；合适的apply v. 申请；涂，敷；应用25. finance n. 财政，财政学；金融 vt. 负担经费，供给经费 vi. 筹措资金Section B阅读理解强化训练Passage 1Everyone knows chameleons (变色龙) can change color,but why do they do it? Suppose you were given these three options:(a) to match with their surroundings,(b) to get a mate

9、,or (c) to impress humans.Most people would choose (a).But the real answer is (b).Its not a hard-and-fast rule:there is evidence that the colorful changes of some chameleons can be a disguise.For instance,the small-sized chameleon Bradypodion taeniabronchum seems to match its surroundings more close

10、ly when facing an enemy with better color vision.For most chameleons,however,changing color is all about getting a mate.In their natural environment,most chameleons match with their surroundings pretty well,says ecologist Kristopher Karsten of California Lutheran University in Thousand Oaks.So when

11、they change color,they tend to make themselves easier to notice.Competing males will often battle it out with a color-change fight.The color-change process doesnt work the way you might expect it to either.Most of us would think it is achieved by some kind of pigments (色素).But a study published in M

12、arch 2015 suggests that the color changes have nothing to do with chemistry at all.Instead,it turns out there are some nanocrystals (纳米晶体) within the chameleons cells.By changing the positions of these crystals,the chameleon can show different shades of color.Its not just about how chameleons look.T

13、hey are also unusually good at using their eyes.In a neat study published in July 2015,zoologists showed chameleons two objects that moved around a computer screen.The chameleons were able to split their vision,each eye independently focusing on a different object.Eventually,the chameleons seemed to

14、 make a choice,both eyes locking onto the same target.This way they could do a better job of judging how far away the objects were and thus how far to shoot out their tongues.All that said,there is a lot that we still dont know about chameleons.1.Why does Bradypodion taeniabronchum change color?A.To

15、 hunt food.B.To cheat its enemies.C.To make itself disappear.D.To attract humans attention.2.How do male chameleons compete with each other for a mate?A.By changing color.B.By staring at each other.C.By fighting with each other.D.By matching with their surroundings.3.How do chameleons change color?A

16、.By producing more nanocrystals.B.By using different kinds of pigments.C.By changing the positions of their cells.D.By changing the positions of their nanocrystals.4.What is special about chameleons eyes?A.They can tell different colors.B.They can see objects from a long distance.C.They can notice o

17、bjects on a computer screen.D.They can focus on two objects at one time.Passage 2If you dont know who J.K.Rowling is,you must be from another planet.Her Harry Potter books have been translated into 79 languages and are sold in more than 200 countries.They have been turned into popular movies.Althoug

18、h Rowling has earned over one billion dollars for her work and has been called a genius by many,life wasnt always easy for her.Born in Gloucestershire,England,in 1965,Rowling was a good student whose favorite subjects were English and foreign languages,and after graduating from high school she studi

19、ed French at University of Exeter.Following her graduation from Exeter,Rowling worked as a bilingual (双语的) secretary.On a train trip during this time,Rowling got the idea for a book about a boy named Harry Potter,an orphan who learns he is a wizard and enters a school of wizardry.Rowling began writi

20、ng the book during lunch breaks and meetings,before finally quitting her job at age 26 and moving to Portugal to work as an English teacher.In Portugal,Rowlings schedule allowed her to write during the mornings,and she continued working on the book.While there she married a Portuguese journalist,but

21、 after the birth of their daughter,Rowling returned to England with a suitcase full of Harry Potter notes.She continued to write,and went to a cafe with her daughter every day to work on her Harry Potter book.Rowling received a grant (奖助金) allowing her to finish the book in 1995,but it was rejected

22、by 15 publishers before a small company called Bloomsbury published it in 1997.In 1998,the book was published in the United States as Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone.It wasnt long before the book was winning awards and rising to the top of the bestsellers lists.Rowling went on to write and publ

23、ish the second book in the series in 1999,and then several more in the seven-book series between then and 2007.Today shes the bestselling author of all time.1.What does the author say about Rowlings Harry Potter books?A.They have received fair criticism.B.They have been enjoying great popularity.C.T

24、hey bring her little money but great fame.D.They are good material for language learning.2.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.Rowlings achievements.B.Rowlings writing style.C.Rowlings influences.D.Rowlings later life.3.Which of the following can best describe Rowling?A.Tough and devoted.B.Sch

25、olarly and unusual.C.Talented and determined.D.Generous and considerate.Section C七选五综合练习Passage 3I finished training as a nurse in Auckland and I was expecting to get a job in a small hospital somewhere.But then a friend told me about Volunteer Now.Id always wanted to go to an African country and us

26、e my nursing skills to help people.And here was a chance to do that,so I decided to apply.1 I got one hospital to sponsor me and then I borrowed some money from the bank.So I went to Madagascar and joined a team of people working with a local supervisor.2By going round villages,we taught basic ways

27、to improve hygiene (卫生) and to avoid catching diseases.For example,we gave instruction about how to avoid catching malaria (疟疾) and distributed mosquito nets to some of the homes.I think we did some good.I hope so anyway.3 I was suddenly in a completely different culture,teaching people who had such

28、 a different lifestyle from my own.It made a big difference to the way I see the world.And I also made some very good friends out there,both local people and the other volunteers.4 After I came back,I got accepted straight away for a job at the university hospital.5 Im sure I wouldnt have managed to

29、 do that if I hadnt worked in Madagascar and got this practical experience.A.We set up a program there.B.I also got a lot from this program.C.It is one of the best hospitals in Auckland.D.So Id recommend Volunteer Now to anyone.E.I failed to take the opportunity though I could.F.I had to raise $500

30、before I went,but that was quite easy.G.We had such good times together and weve kept in touch since then.参考答案Passage 11.B由第二段中的“.there is evidence that the colorful changes of some chameleons.facing an enemy with better color vision”可知,有些变色龙改变身体颜色是为了伪装自己,而Bradypodion taeniabronchum这种变色龙便是其中的一个例子,它碰

31、到色彩视感强的敌人时,会变成与周围环境更接近的颜色,以迷惑敌人。2.A由第三段中的“Competing males will often battle it out with a color-change fight”可知,雄性变色龙决斗的方式是“变色大战”。3.D由第五段中的“By changing the positions of these crystals.different shades of color”可知,变色龙通过改变细胞内纳米晶体的位置来显示不同的颜色,从而达到改变身体颜色的效果。4.D由倒数第二段中的“The chameleons were able to split.i

32、ndependently focusing on a different object”可知,变色龙的两只眼睛可以同时分别聚焦在不同的物体上面。Passage 21.B细节理解题。由第一段中的“Her Harry Potter books have been translated into 79 languages and are sold in more than 200 countries”可知,J.K.罗琳所著的哈利波特系列丛书已经被翻译成79种语言,在200多个国家销售,由此可见,哈利波特系列丛书广受欢迎。2.A段落大意题。由最后一段的描述可知,本段主要讲述了J.K.罗琳所取得的成就。

33、3.C推理判断题。第一段中提到J.K.罗琳的哈利波特系列丛书被翻译成79种语言,在200多个国家销售,她本人也被大多数人称为“天才”;第二至四段中提到J.K.罗琳在午餐时间和会议期间都会坚持写作,最后辞职去葡萄牙当英语教师,她继续坚持写作,在带女儿回到英国后,依然笔耕不辍,终于在1995年完成第一本书,但是该书在出版前遭到15家出版公司的拒绝,最后终于由一家小出版公司出版,并获得很多荣誉,跃居畅销书榜首,直到今天,J.K.罗琳依然是史上最畅销的作家。由此可见,J.K.罗琳是一位在写作方面极富天赋并且非常执着的作家。Passage 31.F后一句讲的是作者如何筹到经费,而与经费相关的是F项。2.A该空前谈到作者去了马达加斯加并加入了一个医疗队,该空后讲到作者所在的医疗队教人们改善卫生和预防疾病的基本方法,A项在此承上启下。3.B本段讲述了这段经历给“我”带来的益处,故选B项。4.G该空前讲到“我”跟一些当地人和其他志愿者成了好朋友,G项承接上文,说明“我们”的相处情况和后续发展。5.CC项中的one of the best hospitals与上文the university hospital相照应,说明这家医院的情况。