Unit6英语被动语态专题课件-人教版英语九年级全册.pptx

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1、The Passive VoiceWhat does she do every day？She waters the flowers everyday.The flowers are watered(by her)everyday.Sydney is visited by many tourists every year.飘飘The book was written by Margaret Mitchell.Gone with the windThe umbrella is used for keeping off the rain.The light was invented by Thom

2、as Edison.Ann can take good care of the cats The cats can be taken good care of by Ann.They can sing some beautiful songs.Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.(一一)语语 态态 分分 类类 英英语语动动词词有有两两种种语语态态，主主动动语语态态和和被被动动语语态态。主主动动语语态态表表示示主主语语是是动动作作的的执执行行者者，被被动动语语态态表表示示主主语语是是动动作作的的承受者。如：承受者。如：They will build

3、a new bridge over the river.(主动主动)A new bridge will be built over the river.(被动被动)汉汉语语中中常常用用“被被”、“给给”、“由由”、“受受”等等词词用用来表示被动，而英语用：来表示被动，而英语用：be+done过去分词变化规则：规则过去分词变化规则：规则/不规则不规则(1)一般情况下一般情况下,在动词后加在动词后加ed构成：构成：work/worked,work/worked,stay/stayed,shout/shoutedstay/stayed,shout/shouted等等等等.(2)在以在以-e结尾动词后

4、只加结尾动词后只加d：close/closed,like/liked,close/closed,like/liked,live/lived,smile/smiledlive/lived,smile/smiled等等等等.(3)以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的动词结尾的动词,应将应将y改为改为i 再加再加-ed：study/studied,carry/carriedstudy/studied,carry/carried等等等等.(4)以重读闭音节或以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed：stop

5、/stopped,stop/stopped,admit/admitted,refer/referred,prefer/preferredadmit/admitted,refer/referred,prefer/preferred等等等等.被动语态的用法：被动语态的用法：when?1、当不知道谁是动作的执行者时；、当不知道谁是动作的执行者时；2、没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的、没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时；执行者时；3、只需强调动作的承受者时。、只需强调动作的承受者时。e.g.(1)Trains are made in Zhuzhou.(2)English is spoken in Can

6、ada.(3)The book was written by Lu Xun.助动词助动词be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词e.g.1.They make trains in Zhuzhou.(主动语态)Trains _ in Zhuzhou.(被动语态)2.The farmers grow cotton every year.Cotton _ by the farmers every year.3.Many people speak English.English _ by many people.are madeis grownis spoken被动语态的构成被动语态的构成：be d

7、one(be 有人称、时态和数的变化有人称、时态和数的变化)(二二二二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主主要要体体现现在在be的的变变化化上上，其其形形式式与与系系动动词词be的的变变化化形形式式完完全全一一样样。以以 give give 为为例例，列列表表如下：如下：一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：含有情态动词含有情态动词 现在进行时：现在进行时：过去进行时：过去进行时：现在完成时：现在完成时：过去完成时：过去完成时：注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注

8、被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。am/is/are+done was/were+done shall/will+be done can/must+be done am/is/are+being+done was/were+being+done have/has+been+done had+been+done 1.一般现在时一般现在时被动语态的构成：被动语态的构成：1.She often cleans the house.The house _ by her.is often cleanedare pla

9、ntedam/is/are+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 2.We plant trees in spring every year.Trees _ by us in spring every year.2.一般过去时一般过去时被动语态的构成：被动语态的构成：e.g 1.They built the house last year.The house _last year.was builtwere takenwas/were+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词2.Mike took these photos in the park.These photos _ by Mike in the par

10、 have/has +been+V(p.p.)1.He has invited all his friends to his party.All his friends have been invited to his party.2.The thief has stolen all the money.The money has been stolen by the thief.3.现在完成时现在完成时被动语态的构成：被动语态的构成：a bird,catch,by the boyA bird has been caught by the boy.A dog,examine,three tim

11、es,by the doctorA dog has been examined three times by the doctor.my leg,biteMy leg has been bitten.my foot,cutMy foot has been cut.two singer stars,invite,partyTwo singer stars have been invited to this city.4.含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：e.g 1.They must build a hotel in the town.A hotel _ by them in th

12、e town.must be built 情态动词情态动词+be+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空：用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空：1.Sandy _(think)to be the best student in his class.2.The children _(take)good care of in the kindergarden 3.This book _(cost)you ten yuan.4.This book _(must return)to the library on time.5.The Chinese Communist Party _(

13、found)in July,1921.is thoughtare taken costmust be returned was founded5.一般将来时：一般将来时：will be done (1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars Cars will be sentwill be sent abroad by sea.abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs Plenty of jobs will be givenwill be

14、given to school-leavers.to school-leavers.5.现在进行时：现在进行时：The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6.过去进行时：过去进行时：Why didnt they drive there on time?Because the workers were mending the road.Becaus

15、e the road was being mended.This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.被被被被 动动动动 语语语语 态态态态 的的的的 使使使使 用用用用1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。短语。“Mr.White,the cup Mr.White,the cup was brokenwas broken after cla

16、ss.”after class.”2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。短语。These records These records were madewere made by John Denver.by John Denver.The cup The cup was brokenwas broken by Paul.by Paul.3.当当汉汉语语句句子子的的主主语语既既不不是是动动作作的的执执行行者者，也也不不是是动动作作的的承承受受者者时时，这这时时常常用用in+名名词词作作状语，而代替状语，而代替 by

17、 短语。短语。These cars These cars were madewere made in China.in China.15,000 cars 15,000 cars will be producedwill be produced each year in the new factory.each year in the new factory.主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）My aunt invited me to her dinner party.主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语 I was invited (by my aunt)to her dinne

18、r party.主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语（2）The school set up a special class to help poor readers.A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.语态转换时所注意的问题语态转换时所注意的问题语态转换时所注意的问题语态转换时所注意的问题1.把把主主动动语语态态变变为为被被动动语语态态时时，其其谓谓语语动动词词的的时时态态要要与与原原句句时时态态保保持持一一致致，其其谓谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。We have bought a

19、 new computer.A new computer has been bought.(正确正确)A new computer have been bought.(错误错误)2.含含有有双双宾宾语语的的主主动动句句变变被被动动句句时时，可可分分别别将将其其中中的的一一个个宾宾语语变变为为主主语语，另另一一个个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present on my birthday.A present was given to me ye

20、sterday.注意：注意：注意：注意：1.1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：如：bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell 等。等。(1)The book was showed to the class.(2)My bike was lent to her.2.一般一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for,如：如：build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,fetch,find,fix,get,

21、keep,make,order,paint,play,sing 等。等。(1)A new skirt was made for me.(2)The meat was cooked for us.(3)Some country music was played for us.3.She told us to follow her instructions.We were told to follow her instructions.注注注注意意意意：在在see,watch,hear,notice,listen to,look at,make,feel等等动动词词后后作作宾宾语语补补足足语语的的

22、动动词词不不定定式式都都不不带带 to，但但改改成成被被动动语语态态后后都都带带to，这这时时不不定定式式为为主主语语补补足足语语，也也就就是是说说不不定定式式作作主主语语补补足足语不存在省略语不存在省略to 的问题。的问题。We often hear him play the guitar.He is often heard to play the guitar.4.有有些些动动词词既既是是及及物物又又是是不不及及物物，当当它它们们和和well,badly,easily等等副副词词连连用用时时，表表示示主主语语内内在在品品质质或或性性能能，是是不不及及物物动动词词，用用主主动动表表示示被被动

23、动，这这时时不不用用被被动动语语态态，常见的有：常见的有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook 等。等。如：如：(1)The cloth washes easily.这布很好洗。这布很好洗。(2)The new product sells well.这新产品很畅销。这新产品很畅销。对比：对比：The books sell well.(主动句主动句)The books were sold out.(被动句被动句)The meat didnt cook well.(主动句主动句)The meat was cooked for a long time.(被动句被动句)5.5

24、.下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：感感官官系系动动词词一一般般用用主主动动形形式式表表示示被被动动意意义义，如如：feel，look,seem,taste,sound,remain等。等。(1)Do you like the material?Yes,it feels very soft.误：误：It is felt very soft.(2)The food tastes delicious.误：误：The food is tasted delicious.6.在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般

25、可用被动结构在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：来表示，例如：1)It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow.2)It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.据说据说It is said that 据报导据报导 It is reported that 据推测据推测It is supposed that 希望希望 It is hoped that 众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 普遍认为普遍认为 I

26、t is generally considered that 有人建议有人建议 It is suggested that Change the following sentences into the Passive Voice 1.They make TV sets in that factory.2.Northwest China grows the best cotton.3.They use this room for playing Ping pong.4.Bell invented the telephone in 1876.TV sets are made in that fac

27、tory The best cotton is grown in Northwest China.This room is used for playing Ping pongThe telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.5.The manager made them work 10 hours a day.6.China has sent up man made satellites into space7.You should water trees often.8.You must not plant trees in very dry earth

28、.They were made to work 10 hours a day.Man made satellites have been sent up into space.Trees should be watered often.Trees must not be planted in very dry earth.Fill in the blanks:Paper(invent)_in A.D.105 by Cai Lun in China.It is an important part of our everyday lives,but few people ever think ab

29、out how it(make)_.Today most paper comes from trees.However,with the concern for the environment(考虑到环境),more and more paper(produce)_from recycled paper products.Since paper products are of different qualities,they first(sort分类)_before they(recycle)_.The sorted material(put)_into a huge machine.was invented is made is produced are sorted are recycled is putThanks!