读后续写：留白四法学案-高三英语二轮复习 课.docx

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1、所谓留白法，指的是作者在文章中为了更充分地表现主题，而有意识地留出的“空白”。这些空白，可以给人留下丰富的想象空间，体现出文章的“含蓄美”，就如中国水墨画的“留白”艺术，虽然不见笔墨，不诉诸文字，但其中潜在的内容却能令人回味无穷。法国著名文学家莫泊桑就是一位运用空白艺术的高手，他在小说项链中向我们讲述了这样一个故事这时的玛蒂尔德已显得苍老了，她完全变成了一个穷苦人家的家庭妇女了。一天，她在公园里遇到了依旧年轻美丽的佛思节夫人。可佛思节夫人已经不认识面前这位妇女了。当玛蒂尔德谈到关于赔偿钻石项链的事时，佛思节夫人感动极了，抓住了她两只手，说“唉。可怜的玛蒂尔德！可我那一串是假的，顶多值得五百法郎

2、！”小说写到这里，戛然而止。这样的结尾简直太出人意外了，这就是莫泊桑留给我们一个明显的情节“空白”。这样的“空白”别具匠心地给我们提供了想象和思考的空间，实在耐人寻味。从而收到了“此处无声胜有声”的艺术效果。在我的写作王中王一书里，留白的艺术手段俯拾皆是，但又各自不同，例如：第三篇： With a smile, Mrs. Willow comforted her saying it had been broken before. C Rachel sighed, staring at her. “ No worry at all .Itll be perfect after being men

3、ded,” Mrs. Willow said, her sharp blue eyes shining.“Nobody grows up without being clumsy.”5)Rachel let out a long sigh and for the first time she felt good about her clumsy self. She believed what Mrs. Willow said must have the same magic as her special cold medicine. (6To her amazement, she return

4、ed home with the bottle of medicine safe and sound.这篇是Rachel的妈妈去让她去邻居家取药，但结尾并没有写她回到家的情节，只写到她安然无恙拿到了药回到家。至于妈妈怎么反映，留给读者想象。如果写出来，实际上也可以，但就是画蛇添足了。因为这本来就是一个完整的故事，写作的目的就是Rachel完成了目标，这个目标的完成暗示她也战胜了自己的毛病。而回到家后妈妈如何反应，读者都可以脑补出来的。第八篇：Seeing the lights coming up, I took a deep breath and walked on. It seemed li

5、ke just a minute later that the play was aver. I d made it through. I hadnt missed a line or knocked anything over. 5) Mrs. Stevens and Lindsey led the curtain call. Someone grabbed my arm and dragged me onstage. The clapping grew louder, O As we all walked of stage, Lindsey nudged me and said, You

6、turned out to be some actor. I grinned. Maybe next year l Il try out for the lead.为了让读者更加清晰留白的艺术手法，我下面结合书中具体例子来具体说明。留白我把它分为4种：一、话语留白二、动作留白三、情景留白四、心理或表情留白（自白式）一、话语留白话语留白，指的是，某个人物说了一句话，但不再写对方的回应。对方的回应如何，读者会自然去联想到。不过要说明的是，这句话应该体现了写作目的的达到。百度百科：作者在创作的过程中，通过含蓄的言辞或言语的省略，利用语言留下相应的空白，在有限的语言中寄寓无限的意味。我的叔叔于勒中，父

7、亲总要说他那句永不变更的话：唉，如果于勒竟在这只船上，那会叫人多么惊喜呀！这句话在文中出现了两次。留白处有什么：父亲的这句话，意味深长。首先，父母所期待的于勒，是在美洲发了财后“荣归故里”的于勒。其次，我们期待于勒归来，期待他为家里添置别墅，帮助姐姐嫁入豪门，带着全家人迈入社会上层1.原文开始：One winter morning in March, Sarah put on her old spring coat to go out and play. “These buttons dont work,” Sarah said to Mama. “Why, Sarah, youve spro

8、uted up like a primrose(报春花) in spring!” Mama said.续写结尾：Hearing that, Papa looked thoughtful for a moment. . But how can we let Sarah wear a brown coat when she looks like a flower in this one? “Papa!” Sarah cried, slipping her arm back into the empty sleeve. She threw her arms around Papas neck. I

9、do look like a flower, dont I? she whispered. “Like a primrose in spring,” Papa said.分析：文章开头父亲对孩子说：youve sprouted up like a primrose(报春花) in spring!最后结尾爸爸对她说：“Like a primrose in spring,” Papa said.而说完后孩子如何反应，留白了，读者自然会去脑补这个场景：女儿笑得像一朵花一样等。 2. Alex didnt answer. He had never heard such an odd, exciting

10、 birdcall-sad but zippy. .They only got three fish, so small that they put them back into the lake. When back to the cabin, Alex saw his Mom and whispered to her, “Mom, listen！A whippoorwill！”分析：对话一句“妈妈，你听！夜鹰！”这句就已经暗示了孩子已经喜欢上大自然，写作目的已经达到，而妈妈如何反应，由作者自行想象。3.来自我和众多老师一起编写的心灵鸡汤精选精讲900篇原文梗概：圣诞节前两天，酣睡的我突然醒

11、来，发现由地下室改造的卧室着火了。最终我们一家成功逃离火海，一位和我们有个小摩擦的邻居不计前嫌，收留我们在他们家过夜。圣诞节最后一次弥撒，牧师为我们祈祷并提供了临时住所，邻居们也纷纷捐钱捐物帮助我们度过难关。结尾：I dont remember our Christmas celebration that year. I dont remember what we ate for Christmas dinner or what presents replaced the ones consumed by the fire. I dont remember shopping for new t

12、hings or all the trouble we endured. What I do remember, what I will never forget, are my fathers words at the back of the church on that Christmas Day. With tears in his voice, he kept repeating: “The joy of people, the joy of people.”分析：结尾凸显了主题，留白其他人的反应。4.原文梗概：今天是我要见到我的新学生的第一天，我做了精心的准备工作。到了学校之后，我依

13、旧十分紧张。我带领着我的学生来到了自己的教室。从紧张的自我介绍开始，我开始了和学生的180天的相处。在第一天结束的时候，我能感受到学生对我的喜爱。结尾：“Good morning,” a cheery voice says. With surprise, I recognize the voice as my own! “My name is Mrs. Benoit, and I will be your teacher this year. I look forward to our getting to know one another better.”Minutes turn into

14、hours and soon, in an empty classroom, erasing the days dusty memories from the newly painted chalkboard, I smile to myself. “They like me, they really like me!”二、动作留白“Do you think shell ever know she dialed the wrong number? I looked at our sleeping daughter, then back at him. “Maybe it wasnt such

15、a wrong number.” “Mom, Dad, what are you doing?” The muffled young voice came from under the covers. I walked over to my daughter, who now sat up staring into the darkness. “Were practicing,” I answered. “Practicing what?” she mumbled and laid back on the mattress, her eyes already closed in sleep.

16、“Listening,” I whispered and brushed a hand over her cheek.分析：我的动作体现了我对孩子的疼爱和理解，留白孩子和其他人的response。I forced my thoughts to the present and read again the advertisement. Laying the paper aside, I went to find my violin. And I dialed the number. 5)Later that afternoon. a man in his thirties with a youn

17、g girl knocked on the door, My daughter wants a violin so badly, He said, “How much are you asking? Seven dollars, I said. O I handed the case lo the girl.She opened it and touched the violin lightly as it caught the glow of the late-afternoon sun. She thanked me sincerely. Then she threw her arms r

18、ound her smiling father.三、情景留白这种留白就是平时我们所说的画面定格，给人留下丰富的画面联想。情景留白和任何留白一样，情景应该为主题服务，留白也是让读者围绕主题去联想。我也看到很多这种留白，但都和主题无关，很难让读者去先想象，也就是失去了留白的意义了。When Bill saw me, he allowed himself to come into my arms for a long time. His face was wet with tears and he was trembling. Finally, he leaned back against the

19、wall and took a deep breath. “I thought a lot about what you said,” he said. He stopped to blow his nose. “This morning I told her how much I loved her. You should have seen her smile!” I went into the room to say my own goodbye to Connie. There, on the bedside table, was a large Valentine card from

20、 Bill, which says, “To my wonderful wife. I love you.”分析：桌子上一张情人卡片，上面写着:。而原文主题就是妻子去世前渴望听到丈夫跟他说那三个字。结尾静态描写情景让读者回味无穷，而这个情景也给主题画上了句号。四、心理或表情留白（自白式）心里独白是最后把内心活动用最简洁的语言陈述，也就是我第三讲的tell。请读者留意，心里独白的方式也是丰富多彩的，效果各自不同，譬如表情留白：Bridget held out an invitation. Will yon come to my party?” O Clearly, was longing for

21、 it but it would make me sick if I was just filling a space. (5)Bridget moved with me as I inched forward, still offering the invitation. l glanced at the envelope only to find my name hadn t even been written on it. So .could be replaced by anyone. I put my foot on the first step off the bus. then

22、looked at her. I hesitated. 0 Someone behind yelled, Get on the bus! I took a deep breath and gave her my answer. And then. I smiled.其它的如：Then, the moment that will stay with me for the rest of my life-my name in lights. That was when it all hit me. Relief, a moment of calm, and a thank you to my in

23、ner self for taking me through these two days. I felt a tingle through the whole of my body. This was how it is meant to be - arms high and fists clenched. I looked out at the fans, who were waving flags, clapping and shouting with delight. I was the Olympic champion. The Olympic champion. (160 word

24、s)分析：最后两句是内心喜悦的呼之欲出。而读者会深度感染到这种喜悦。留白效果达到。2.再看背影结尾：我北来后，他写了一信给我，信中说道：“我身体平安，惟膀子疼痛厉害，举箸提笔，诸多不便，大约大去之期不远矣。”我读到此处，在晶莹的泪光中，又看见那肥胖的、青布棉袍黑布马褂的背影。唉！我不知何时再能与他相见！After I moved to the north, he wrote me a letter saying, I am safe and sound, but my arm hurts terribly. I have trouble lifting chopsticks or holdin

25、g a pen, and it seems that my departure is not far off. As I read these words, tears welled up in my eyes, and I could see his plump figure, dressed in a dark cotton robe and jacket. Alas, I dont know when I will be able to see him again!这个结尾何以打动人，因为它采用了一定的艺术手法来调动读者的感官：留白。3.羚羊木雕“你妈妈会说你的！”我看着他的眼睛。“没事

26、儿， 凡是爸爸妈妈送给我的东西，不管我给谁他们都没说的明天打雪仗，来早点！”万方跑了，还不时地扬起手臂向我打招呼。渐渐的，他消失在雪花飞舞的世界里面了。我哭了，我真的嚎啕大哭起来。雪花和泪水一起落在 玻璃罩上。我从来没有这样伤心过。Your mother will scold you! I looked into his eyes.Its okay. Anything my parents give me, they never ask who I give it to. Come early tomorrow for a snowball fight! Wan Fang ran away,

27、waving his arms and greeting me from time to time. Gradually, he disappeared into the world of swirling snowflakes.I cried. I really cried loudly. The snowflakes and tears fell on the glass jar together. I had never been so sad before.分析：情景定格留白和我的心里感慨留白，二者结合起来，让读者不仅唏嘘。接下来说两种这种留白，是对事实的认可：4.原文梗概：唐氏综合症

28、女孩Lauren参加校篮球队，因她的“不同”，父母很担心。父亲观看训练时得知，教练对她的加入感到开心。篮球赛上，开始她没上场，但依然表现很积极。最后两分钟她上场表现很好并投进了球。全场为她欢呼，父母为她的精神感到自豪。结尾：My daughter wasnt like everyone else. I wrapped my arms around her and hugged her tight. Lauren was different. And I was glad.分析：系表结构的I was glad，会读者一时难以适应，但它恰到好处，无需多言。5. 原文梗概：我申请参加一个女性互助俱乐

29、部。俱乐部突然告知我要去一个为残疾人举办的特殊舞会帮忙。从一开始感到孤单，纠结，到为舞会做准备，再到最后，在舞会中经历了种种思想斗争。最终舞会上那些身有残疾但仍享受生活的残疾人让我明白我要学会勇敢面对生活，自那之后我也顺利加入了俱乐部，因为我做到了帮助他人的同时也帮助了自己。结尾: Later that month, I took the final test to become a member of JH. I giggled as I wrote the answer to the first question that asked the motto of Junior Hospita

30、lity: Help yourself while helping others. Indeed, I already had.6. 原文梗概：Charge是一条其貌不扬的狗。她受抛弃的经历使得她不相信又畏惧人类，但是她却深得我们家人的喜爱。一段时间的相处，她接受了我们，也对孩子呵护备至。这天我到处找不到她，最终发现她“躲在”衣柜里面，照顾几只小猫咪。结尾：The kids giggled with glee upon seeing the dog in with the kittens. My husband shook his head and quipped, “Only you, Charge. Only you!”Charge continued to mother the kittens until they were placed in their new homes. She may not have been an attractive dog, but as Kahlil Gibran said, “Beauty is not in the face; beauty is a light in the heart.” Charge truly had that inner beauty.学科网（北京）股份有限公司