商务信函的写作特征-商务英语-毕业论文.doc

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1、中国某某某某学校学生毕业设计(论文)题 目： 商务信函的写作特征 姓 名 ： 000000000 班级、学号 ： 000000000000 系 (部) ： 经济管理系 专 业 ： 商务英语 指导教师 ： 000000000 开题时间： 2009-04-10 完成时间： 2009-11-08 2009 年 11 月 08日19目 录毕业设计任务书1毕业设计成绩评定表2答辩申请书3-5正文6-21答辩委员会表决意见22答辩过程记录表23课 题 商务英语的写作特征 一、 课题(论文)提纲0.引言1.语言特征1.1词汇特征1.1.1用词规范正式1.1.2表意准确、专业性强1.1.3用词朴素、淡于修饰1

2、.2缩略语使用较多1.3语气特点2. 衔接手段特征3. 语篇结构特征3.1句式特征3.1.1句式结构特点3.2用陈述句表示委婉的祈使语气3.2用陈述句表示委婉的祈使语气3.3大量使用套语4.内容特征4.1礼貌和体谅4.2完整，具体和正确4.3清楚和简洁 4.4真诚 ，语言朴实4.5针对性，标题结束语二、内容摘要商务英语信函是国际贸易双方进行书面商务信息沟通的重要手段，其撰写的成功与否对企业的业务有着极其重要的影响。商务英语信函的写作是有规律可循的，首先，要注意写作技巧，遵循四部式的信函结构，并善于使用商务英语信函中的套语和特殊表达法. 其次要坚持礼貌、体谅、完整、清楚、简洁、具体与正确性等写作

3、特征，从整体结构和内容方面使信函表达更完善。三、 参考文献1Tan Fang Zhu Huiping，English Correspondence for Foreign TradeSMind Shaping English 20062陈冬纯:商务英语信函的体裁分析与撰写策略J.国外外语教学, 2003 (2)3戚云方:新编外经贸英语写作与套语M.杭州：浙江大学出版社, 20024张亦辉:点石成金英语商函写作实务M.北京：外语教学与研究出版社, 20035 杨廷治. 对外经贸英语函电M . 北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社, 2000.On the Features of Business Eng

4、lish Correspondence Writing000000Abstract:Business English Letter Writing between the two sides in international trade is an important means of business communication, its written on the companys business success has an extremely important implications.And also English Business Letter writing is the

5、re a pattern, first of all,we must pay attention to writing skills .secondly, we should insist on courtesy，consideration，completeness，clarity，conciseness，concreteness and correctness of writing features to express it more perect from the aspect of the overall structure and the content .Keywords: lin

6、guistic features; cohesion features; discourse structure features ; content features0.IntroductionBusiness English letters is an indispensable tool in the modern business activities,and also it is a very important means of expression and methods of communication. English business letter has its own

7、unique characteristics and requirements of the language, so English business letter writing are very particular about the form and method, a decent standard of business English letters can meet the specific business environment and can successfully achieve the business purposes. Business letter writ

8、ing does not require you to use beautiful words beautiful. All you need to do is, using simple language and simple, accurate and to express their meaning, so that the other party can be very clear understanding of what you are trying to say. Only the other side in order to understand what you mean t

9、o respond to your request, so that business letters to play its due role in it.1.Linguistic features1.1 Vocabulary featuresVocabulary features have three parts,they are formal specification terms，expression accurate and profession strong,and simple words, short on the modification.1.1.1 Expression a

10、ccurate and profession strongThe first ,business letter colloquial English, though the trend, but it is after all a formal correspondence style, so a formal business letter in English words, based on vocabulary and informal vocabulary co-exist, but the official vocabulary, neutral words are used tha

11、n the informal Spoken vocabulary, fully embody the norms of formal, business-like features. Letters are often meaning the same or similar to replace the written words of basic vocabulary and spoken words, such as: inform or advise instead of tell ;dispatch instead of send; otherwise replace or , the

12、refore replace so; to prepositional phrase instead of a simple preposition and conjunction, as in the so far, in respect to, in connection with, and with regarding to replace about and so on.1.1.2 Simple wordsThe second ,this feature mainly for the use of a large number of specialized terminology, j

13、argon, foreign borrowed words, acronyms, and general terms in the business context of the special use words, such as insurance policy, coverage, premium , underwriter, establishment counter - off, bid, proforma invoice irrevocable letter of credit, CIF, POB, TPND, etc., these professional terms at a

14、ll stages of business activity in the frequent emergence of a specific connotation of these terms, which means clear, in the process of translation can not be too literally, coined Business English letters that do not comply with the meaning come.1.1.3 Short on the modification.The third,English Bus

15、iness Letter Writing is characterized by: simple, and clear, direct, so when the transmission of information, in addition to the use technical terms accurately express their intentions, in general, the rhetoric does not seek to avoid the use of too many qualifiers are rarely used in popular literatu

16、re and stylistic rhetorical devices.For example: Dear sir, One of our customers is interested in your bicycles, Particularly Model no.PA-18. Please send us a copy of your illustrated catalogue, quote your price FOB Shanghai if possible, Meanwhile, p lease indicate the time of delivery you usually of

17、fer. Yours faithfully,1.2.1 Abbreviations used moreBusiness English letters make more use of some common acronyms, these acronyms definitions accurate, in the business letter is used fairly extensive, involving the price terms of trade, transport, payment and settlement and so on. For example, commo

18、nly used abbreviations are: FOB(Free on Board) “FOB port of shipment, CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) CIF, L / C (Letter of Credit) L, D / P (Documents against Payment) against payment and so on.1.2.2 Characteristic toneBusiness letters are generally polite and pay attention to the letter of the e

19、xact expression of a variety of tone. Courtesy can lead to friendship, so that sentiment in favor of the other reading. Euphemistic term in business letters courtesy either politely refuse the others requirements or conditions, while preserve a friendly trade relations. Therefore, in business letter

20、s, the tone used euphemism to indicate where the other side of the unsatisfactory.2.Cohesion FeaturesBusiness English letters used in a number of grammatical cohesion means to connect the phrase to make a coherent context. For example, the connection sequence of phrases that are first, second, then,

21、 next, after, finally; said the reasons are: since, because, as, for; that the results or consequences are: therefore, as a result, hence, accordingly, consequently; said the turning point are: but, yet, however, on the contrary and so on.For example: In our message of October 31, we said that we wo

22、uld send a purchase order by the end of November. However, as negotiations with the customers are still continuing, we are unable to place a complete order at this time. Enclosed, instead, is a particular order (No. 00501-55) for half of the merchandise listed in the provisional order. The second ha

23、lf of the order will be covered by P. O. No. 00501-61, which we will issue by December 6.In this Direct Mail discourse that turns the relationship between conjunctions such as however and instead makes use of the logical relationship clear text. While the a purchase order, a complete order, a partia

24、l order these few phrases in the order of the repeated word restatement of the relationship between the formation is to adopt a means of lexical cohesion makes the discourse to achieve coherence. However, from another perspective, order the paper repeated the word has not consistently use the pronou

25、n it to replace the order, which is mainly in order to avoid misunderstanding, makes sense to express more accurate. Business letters are usually worded in order to make accurate, on the alleged omission and alternative means of bridging the use of relatively small, the choice is as far as possible

26、to avoid misunderstanding the meaning of the word or sentence.3. Discourse structure featuresBusiness English context determines the configuration of business letters in English text has a fixed pattern. Business English letters tend to emphasize a letter regarding the content around a multi-start t

27、hread, so the letter can use the subject to highlight the content of the subject, so that we can read the other at a glance. Business English letters in the body generally consists of three parts (the content can be a shorter three natural) that the start, the main body and at the end. In which each

28、 part has its own default functions and roles: the first part (that is, the first paragraph) to seize the readers attention, demand, or interest; second part deals with business; third echo the earlier part of his sides hopes or wishes.3.1 Sentence featuresBusiness English Discourse letter is to pro

29、vide information, declarative sentence used most often, it is widely used in narrative, interpretation or explanation of various aspects of trade exchanges between the business, to state the facts. As the foreign exchanges to follow the principles of politeness, so the writing business letters shoul

30、d follow the principles of politeness. The Business English letters, the Politeness Principle in syntax is mainly reflected in the widespread use of the virtual sentence. Virtual sentence makes the tone of polite euphemism, in business English letters are used frequently.3.1.1 Sentence Structure Fea

31、turesWritten English as an official body, its clause-level complex, long sentences are usually higher than the use of informal English, including complex sentences, word phrases, infinitive phrases, parentheses, with bit architecture, independent of frequent use is one of the characteristics of the

32、sentence letters in Business English. For example: In our trade with merchants of various countries, we always adhere to the principle of equality and mutual benefit. It is our hope to promote, by joint efforts, both trade and friend ship to our mutual advantage.3.2 Euphemism Imperative Mood used Bu

33、siness letters between the parties for the trading partner status is equal. Therefore, if one side want you to take some kind of behavior, generally do not use the imperative sentence, the use of declarative sentences express their wishes, as to whether to take other such actions can be kept for eac

34、h other to decide, in the translation, we should pay attention.3.3 Extensive use of sets of Formulaic language In the using of long-term practice, some of the more constant of the motion gradually commonly used in business English letters which is a major feature.Its use not only reduced time work,

35、but also better for others to accept.For formal business letter this side is necessary.For example:Id ask you to raise your glass and join me in a toast ot the health of all our friends present here.Wish you the very best of luck in your job, every successin your future endeavours, good health and a

36、 happy family.4. Content features of Business English letter writing 4.1 Courtesy and considerationCourtesy is not just that polite. It does not simply use some polite expressions such as your kind inquiry, your esteemed order that you can, it is from a you are (Your attitude) point of view the prob

37、lem. Business English instrument in order to make more manners, writers should avoid extreme, offensive, and contempt of the word. At the appropriate time the correct name of exhaled readers, who have called each other Dear Greg, would not go back to the other side Mr.Jones. But also to avoid condes

38、cending to speak with others, whenever they do not forget the common sense etiquette, polite question clear , so that the recipient easily reply.Consideration emphasizes the importance of understanding each other rather than our situation, we should reflect a sense of consideration for others, be co

39、nsiderate of each others feelings and situation of attitude. When to write instrument business English, keep each others requirements, needs, aspirations and feelings in mind to find the best way to pass information to each other. Sometimes, in the multi-purpose I not we. Because it means that the o

40、rganization, but I represent you personally, so that seems more humane, but also that you are willing to assume responsibility. But sometimes I use you or me than using good, so that better communication with readers, but does not appear a person of your rhetoric.4.2 Completeness , concreteness and

41、correctFirst,in the letter writing, information integrity is very important, so business letters should include all the necessary information. For example an order letter should be detailed who, what, when, where, how, if we abolish the order, we also should give reasons why. Only one will complete

42、the letter so that readers understand the causes and effects, only based on the information you give to do the necessary analysis and response. Not only the main part of writing the letter should follow the principles of integrity, as the rest of the letters also need intact, so that the party would

43、 be prepared to receive the judgments quickly write the time, place, what people generally want to do anything . The combination of both can understand more clearly the purpose of writing.Second, make sure the content expressed by accurate and vivid. When it comes to data or specific information, su

44、ch as time, place, price, item, etc., specific as possible. This would be more clearly the content of the exchanges, but also help speed up the transaction process. For example: We have drawn on you our sight draft No.386 for the invoice amount ,3,100US dollars under your L/C No.198 of Bank of China

45、,Beijng.Third,the correct principle is not only the grammar, pause and spelled correctly, also refers to language standards, describes appropriate, digital precision, as well as the correct understanding of business idioms. Here is an example: This product is the best one we can supply. If you can n

46、ot write letter correct, the resulting series of problems will reduce . Ranging from re-modify, re-will be missed business opportunities, and even cause the Company or business losses. Such examples exist in the actual transactions, and also must be carefully treated.4.3 Clarity and ConcisenessClear

47、ly is a business English letter writing of the most important principle. A vague word of the letter does not convey its ideas will be misunderstanding and ambiguity, or even result in the loss of trade. It should be noted clearly select the correct, concise words and correct sentence structure. In general, the business of writing instruments, their meaning must be expressed clearly so that the other side can understand us. For example:Dear Ms.Rutt,Mr.liver yesterday took his blame for your acci