2021年中考英语真题专项训练——时态.docx

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1、2022年英语中考真题专项训练时态（含答案解析）时态重点知识梳理般现在时一、含义及用法： 1.表示经常性、习惯性的动作或经常存在的状态；eg: I do my homework in the evening.2.表示主语的特征、性格或能力等eg: We love sports. 3.表述客观真理、客观存在及自然现象；eg: The earth goes around the sun.4.有些表示短暂动作的动词如begin, come, leave, start等常用一般 现在时表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。eg: The train leaves at 12: 30.二、构成：1.含be动词:

2、肯定句：主语+be动词+其他否定句：be动词后加is/arent一般疑问句：be动词提前，其他照抄（主语为I 一般疑问句主语变you）,最后加？2.含行为动词：指除动词be夕卜，一切可以单独作谓语的动词。动词be 一般表示状态, 而行为动词大都用来表示动作，如work, study, swim等。行为动词的一般现在时的结构为：肯定句主语为第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数主语+动词原形+其他。主语为第三人称单数主语+动词单三式+其他否定句在动词原形前加助动词 do not （ dont）主语+don t+动词原形+其他。（主语为单三时）在动 词原形前加助动词 does not （doesnt）主

3、语+doesnt+动词原形+其他。行为动词的一 般现在时的一 般疑问句。在句首加助动词doDo+主语+动词原形？（主语为单三时）在句首加助动词doesDoes+主语+动词原形？ 3.主语+be动词/do（主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词也要变为相应 的第三人称单数形式）一般的动词在动词原形后加-Sworkworks livelives以s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词加esfinishfinishes teachteachesguessguessesfixfixes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i再加escarry-carriesflyflies以元音字母加y结尾的动词直接加Splay-pla

4、ys以辅音字母+。结尾的动词一般在词尾加esgo-goes dodoes三、含频度副词一般疑问句词义辨析：always （总是=100%）, usually （通常之90%）, often （经常 =60%）, sometimes （有时之30%）, seldom （很少20%）, hardly （几乎不 10%）, never（从不=0%）。频度副词位置：一般位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动 词之前；sometimes可放在句首、句中或句尾。eg: I usually go to school by bike.我通常骑自行车去上学。对频度副词提问，用how often多久一次”真题

5、演练（2021 四川凉山）1. 一I often see Peters father play basketball on my way to school.-Thats not strange. Not only Peter but also his father sports.A. enjoyB. enjoys C. enjoyed D. was enjoyed（2021 年牡丹江）2. Fresh water more important than anything else.A. isB. areC. was（2021 湖北武汉）3. We very simply and do not

6、 spend muchmoney on food.Thats why youre called the Greens.A.eatB. ateC. will eatD. had eaten时态重点知识梳理般过去时（一）一般过去时的用法1）表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。如：I got up at six this morning.今天早上我六点起的床。2）表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。如：When I was in the countryside,! often swam in the river.当我在乡下 时，我常常在河里游泳。（二）一般过去时的构成be动词肯定句主语+was/we

7、re+其他.I was at home yesterday.否定句主语+wasn t/weren t+ 其他.I wasnt at home yesterday.一般疑问句Was/Were+主语 + 表语？Was he a pupil five years ago ?特殊疑问句特殊疑问词 + were/was +表语？Who was at the zoo yesterday?行为动词肯定句主语+动词过去式+其他.I visited my uncle yesterday.否定句主语+ didnt+动词原形+其他.He didnt do morning exercises yesterday.一般

8、疑问句Did +主语+动词原形+其他？Did you study English in 1990?特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？What did you do last Sunday?（三）和一般过去时连用的时间状语last night, yesterday, last week,some years ago, in 1995,in the past,the other day,just now 等。(四)动词的一般过去时变化规律:一般情况直接在词尾加+ ed,如:cook cooked watch watched(2)以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾+ d如:like likedlive

9、lived(3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词，双 写最后一个字母再在词尾+ed如:stop stopped shop shopped(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词， 要改y为i再加ed如:study studied carry carried另外须记不规则动词的一般过去时变形。(附：不规则动词变化表)1.改变动词中的元音：beginbegan drink一drank comecame eatate growgrew run+ ran knowknew winwon speak*spoke taketook write+wrote getgot2.变词尾的-d为tbuildbuiltlendlent

10、sendsentspendspent bendbent3.与动词原形一,样cut-cut putput cost-cost hurthurt shuWshut4.变-ay 为-aid (少数动词)saysaid paypaid laylaid5.采用不同词根sellsold teachtaught buybought6.其他am/iswas arewere have/hashad do-did一般过去时真题演练（2021 云南昆明）4. What did you do this Dragon Boat Festival?I the boat races on TV and read books

11、.A. watchB. watched C. am watching D. will watch（2021 年牡丹江）5.Have you ever visited Shenyang EXPOGarden?Yes. I it last year.A. have visitedB. will visitC. visited（2021 年江苏盐城）6. During Dr Mars last visit, he on 150patients on the ORBIS plane.A. operates B. is operating C. will operate D. operated （202

12、1 四川达州）7. Alice has gone out.Oh, has she? What time she ?A. has; gone B. will; goC. did; goD. is; going一、用法表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态二、构成肯句定主语+will+动词原形+其他.I will go to school tomorrow.否定主语+wont+动词原形+其I wont leave for Shanghai句他.next week.般WiH+主语+动词原形+其Will you be back in two疑问他？days?句当主语是we时，疑问句Where shall we

13、 meetWill中一般使用shalltomorrow特殊特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问What will you do?疑问句？句表示肯定主语+be going to+动词原I am going to Beijing next计划句形+其他.week.打算否定主语 +am not/isnt/arentShe isnt going to watch TV做某句going to+动词原形+其他.tomorrow.事般Be going to+动词原形+其Are you going to run?be疑问他？going句to特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句？What are you going to do

14、?三、常与示将来的时间状语连用如：tomorrow ,next week.in a few days.next Sunday, inH-段时间,in 2020 等They will leave for Shanghai next week.四、特殊用法 1.表示已决定的、很可能发生的事,或有某种迹象表明要发生的事常用 be going to如: What are you going to do next Sunday?Look at the dark clouds.There is going to be a storm看那些乌云,暴风雨就要来临了。(客观迹象).在下面几种情况下只可用shal

15、l/w川表示将来，而不可用be going to 结构。(1)表示意愿时。如：We will help him if he asks us.(2)表示单纯的将来，与人的上观愿望和判斯无关时。出口: The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow moming-明天早上太阳将在6:30升起。Tj3.be doing表示将来常用这种结构的动词有e,leave,stay .start, begin等，表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。如：We are leaving for London.我们就要动身去伦敦了。She is going there tomorrow她明天要去那里。

16、.用一般现在时表示将来的情况1）表示按规定或时间表预计将发生的动作。如：Were going to Changchun.Our plane takes off at 8:10.我们打算去长春。我们的飞机八点十分起飞。2）当主句为一般将来时态时，在if,as soon as,until等引导的状语从句 中用一般现在时表将来。如：when If it doesnt rain this afternoon,well have a football match.如果今天下午不下雨，我们将进行一场足球比赛。一般将来时真题演练（2021 年吉林省）8. Mr. Green a new bike for h

17、is daughtertomorrow.A. buysB. boughtC. will buy（2021 四川东山）9. There a basketball game against Class Twothis Sunday.I see. I will come and cheer you on.C. is going to haveA. will haveB. is going to be一、用法1)表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。如：I am reading English.我正在读英语。2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。如：They are studying hard this t

18、erm.3)go,leave,arrive.start等动词用现在进行时表示将来。如:I am going to Beijing this Sunday.二、构成肯定句：主语+am /is/are+动词的现在分词否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+动词的现在分词.一般疑问句：Am/ls/Are+主语+动词的现在分词？肯定回答：Yes主语+am/is/are.否定回答:No.主语+am/is/are+not.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？三、现在完成时的标志词look,listen,now, at this moment,these days, this month 等 四、现在分词词

19、形变化(1)直接在谓语动词后加ing.going, starting, working,looking.(2)去掉词尾不发音的e,再加ing.leaving,making,coming,writing.(3)重读闭音节词，双写末尾字母 再加ing.sitting, beginning, getting,putting.(4)以ie结尾的把ie变y加ing.lie-lyingdiedying tie- tying(5)特殊情况picnic - picnicking.现在进行时真题演练（2021 重庆）10. Listen! Our science teacher the use of the r

20、obot.A. explains B. explained C. is explaining D. has explained （2021 四川凉山）11.Dont make noise! The children online.Sorry, I wont.A. studies B. are studying C. Studied D. were studying （2021 天津）12.Where is mum?In the living room. She a book at the moment.A. was readingB. will read C. is reading D. ha

21、s read（2021 湖北襄阳）12.The policewoman the driver forbreaking the traffic rules.一Thats right. Hes explaining to her loudly over there.A. is punishing B. was punishing C. would punish D. is punished （2021 年湖南株洲）14. Look! All the students English poems.Please take a photo for the parents.A. are readingB.

22、 have readC. read（2021 年辽宁本溪、抚顺）15. The classroom is so quiet.-Yes, all the students for the final exam.A. prepare B. prepared C. will prepare D. are preparing（2021 年辽宁大连）16. Lingling met her favourite presenter whileshe the radio station.A. visits B. will visit C. is visiting D. was visiting （2021

23、年辽宁盘锦）17. Students in Class One for the singingcompetition at the moment.A. prepare B. are preparing C. prepared D. are going to prepare （2021 福建）18. Hurry up! Mr. Brown for us in themeeting room at the moment.A. is waitingB. will waitC. waited时态重点知识梳理过去进行时一、定义过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。“二、构成was/we

24、re +doing (现在分词)三、常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 等四、用法1 .某个时间内持续发生的事情常和以all开头的状语(all night, all day) 一起使用。Sarah was studying all day.2 .某个时间点正在发生的事情At 11 pm last night, I was sleeping.3 .某个事情在持续发生，中途发生了另一件事情持续发生的事情用过 去进行时，中途发生的事情

25、用一般过去时。I am studying when you called.4 .过去两个同时持续发生的事情。He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.5 .表示过去的计划，安排I was planning to call John, but I didnt have time.6 .礼貌，委婉的请求I was wondering if you could help me.五、when和while的用法区别两者的区别如下：1 .when既指时间点，也可指一段时间；while只指一段时间，因此when 引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以

26、是延续性动 词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。2 .when说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发 生；while则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两 个动作同时发生。3 .由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般 过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时 候，多用while引导，如：When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：While we were talking, the teacher came in.过去进行时真题训练（2021

27、四川达州）19. Jane, I rang you up last night but nobody answered.Oh, I together with my parents walks in the park then.A. have taken B. was taking C. were taking D. had taken （2021 山东滨州）20.Do you know where your brother is, Mark?Sorry. I about a question and didnt hear what you had said.A.was thinking B.

28、 will think C. am thinking D.was thought （2021 年齐齐哈尔）21.m sorry I didnt answer your call because I online.A. was studyingB. studiedC. am studying（2021 绥化）22. Mrs. Jones in the garden at this timeyesterday.A. worked B. was working C. has worked （2021 年湖南郴州）23. I called you last night but nobody answe

29、red. Oh, I a bath at that time.B. am takingC. have takenA. was taking（2021 年内蒙古包头）24.Did you see Dorothy? She just came back from abroad.一Yes. But she someone, so I nodded to her and went away.A. phones B. is phoning C. was phoning D. has phoned时态重点知识梳理现在完成时（）定义现在完成时主要用来表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如：I have

30、 already seen the film.说明看电影是过去发生的，用了现在完成时是要表示说话者可能不想 再看了，或者对该电影的内容已经很熟悉了，等等。（二）基本结构现在完成时的句子结构一般为:肯定句主语+have/has+过去分词+其他成分否定句主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他一般疑问句Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（三）主要用法1、表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。此 时，常和谓语动词一起使用的副词有already、just never、ever yet等。如:They have already com

31、e back from the museum.She has already finished her homework. 2、表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并且有可能会继续持续下去。 此时，常和谓语动词一起使用的标志性词语主要有for和since,而且 此时的谓语动词往往是持续性动词（如stay、keep wait等）。如： I have lived here for ten years.He has kept the clavichord since thirty years ago. 3、表示从过去某一时间到说话时这段时间中反复发生的动作。此时， 常和谓语动词一起使用的主要是表频度的副词

32、often、al ways seldom、 never等，以及表次数的单词或短语（如once、twice three times）。 如：You have never listened to me like this before.She has ever been to France.They have visited the Summer Palace many times.（四）动词的过去分词1、规则变化其变化规则与动词的一般过去时基本相同，主要是在词尾加-ed或-d。 具体的有：1）直接加-ed。如：worked、playedo2）以不发音的e结尾的动词后加-d。如：lived、dan

33、cedo3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词后改y为i,再加-ed。如：studiedcriedo4)以重读闭音节结尾的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed。如： stopped、pattedo2、不规则变化如果结合动词的过去式，动词的过去分词的不规则变化中，又有一些 相对的规则现象。如：1) AAA 型。如：put put put; read read reado 其中，read 的过去式和 过去分词虽然拼写时一样的，但其发音与原形不同，ea不再读作i:, 而是e。2) ABB 型。如：keep kept kept; sit sat sat3) ABA 型。如：run ran run; come

34、came come4) ABC 型。如:lie lay lain; drink drank drunk5) AAB 型。如：beat beat beaten（五）标志性词语1、 副 i司 already、just、never、ever、yet 等。出口:She hasnt arrived in Scotland yet.They have just left for Shanghai.2、for和since。fori段时间，since+具体时间。如:He has learned Italian for five months.He has learned Italian since five

35、months ago.3、so fhr和up to/till now。表示迄今为止。如：So far, no one has heard any news about her.She has read fifty books up to now.4、recently、lately等表示“最近；最新”的副词和形容词。如：Ive met her on several occasions recently.He hasnt had enough sleep lately.5、in the past/lastH段时间，表示在过去的时间里如：In the past few years, new buil

36、dings have sprung up all over Beijing.He had aged rapidly in the last few months.6次数。如：Ive tried many times, but theres no way.He has been there at least twice.（六）have been to/have gone to/have been in1、have been to表示“去过已回句子主语就在现场。如：They have been to Rome many times.She has been to Shanghai more tha

37、n once.2、have gone to表示“去了未回句子主语不在现场。如：Jerry has gone to Hangzhou.Mary has gone to Finland.3、have been in表示“一直待在某地如：We have been in Beijing for five weeks.They have been in China since 2012.（七）短暂性动词和延续性动词所谓短暂性动词主要是指一旦发生马上就结束的动作，也叫瞬间动 词，如die、marryleave等。而延续性动词主要是指可以一直持续 进行的动作，也叫持续性动词，如learn、live、talk

38、等。两类动词都可以用于现在完成时，但是短暂性动词不能与表示一段时 间的时间状语连用。此时，需要把短暂性动词改为相应的表状态的动 词或短语。如：错误： He has died for ten years.正确： He has been dead for ten years.错误:She has married him since five years ago.正确:She has been married to him since five years ago.此种用法与for （+时间段），since （+时间点或过去时的句子）连用时， 谓语动词必须是延续性动词。有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词：g

39、o outbe outfinishbe overopenbe opendie-be deadbuy-havefall ill-be ill come backbebackcatch a coldhave a cold现在完成时真题训练（2021 荷泽）25.It is reported that the First Flight Ceremony of HezeMudan Airport was held on April 2nd, 2021.一Yes. Great changes in my hometown since I left home.A. have taken place B.

40、were taken place C. took place （2021 四川东山）26.Alex, go and clean your bedroom.I it. Its tidy and clean now.A. have cleaned B. cleanedC. clean（2021 四川凉山）27. -Your scarf is so beautiful! When did you buy it?一On my 18th birthday. I it for 6 years.A. bought B. will have C. have had D. have bought （2021 四

41、川泸州）28 -Where is Lucy? I havent seen her for days.SheChengdu. Shell be back next week.A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone to D. have been to （2021 年齐齐哈尔）29. - I saw Alice walk into that building just now.-Oh, its our new city museum. It to the public for a month.A. has been openedB. has been

42、openC. has opened（2021 湖北鄂州）30. Would you like something to drink?一No, thanks. I some tea already.A. have drunk B. was drinking C. will drink D. drink （2021 湖北武汉）31. What good books did you read recently?I Tales of China since last year, and now the third time.A. readB. am reading C. have read D. wi

43、ll read（2021 湖北襄阳）32. Why are you in such a hurry?Because the class for 10 minutes.A. has been on B. has begun C. is onD. begins（2021 年湖北咸宁）33.Would you like something to drink?一No, thanks. I some tea already.A. have drunk B. was drinking C. will drink D. drink （2021 年苏州）34. The documentary A Plasti

44、c Ocean is so impressive that I it several times so far.A. watchedB. watch C. have watched D. will watch（2021 年江苏宿迁）35.Mum, where is David?He to see the science fiction film Back to the future.A. is going B. goes C. has gone D. was going（2021 年江苏南通）36. Miss Zhang seems quite familiar with Yunnan Pro

45、vince.Dont you know? She a town school there as a volunteer teacher for over 2 years.A. is in B. has gone to C. has been in D. has been to（2021 绥化）37. He said that he to Beijing the next month.A. travelB. would travelC. travels2021年英语中考真题专项训练时态答案解析1 .考查一般现在时。句意：我经常看到彼得的父亲在我上学的路上 打篮球。这并不奇怪。不仅是彼得，还有他的爸爸也喜欢运动。句子为一般现在时，当not only but also 连接两个主语时， 谓语动词采取就近一致原则，his father第三人称单数，故选B。2 .考查一般现在时。句意：淡水一比其他任何东西都更重要。讲 述客观事实，句子为一般现在时，Fresh water淡水，不可数名词， be动词用is,故选Ao3 .考查一般现在时。句意：我们吃得非常简单，不会在食物上花很 多钱。这就是为什么你