考研基础班必背的.pdf
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1、考研基础班必背的62个前缀和52个后缀一、常用前缀1、aero:concerning the air or aircraftplane(6机)一aeroplane(机)space(空间,间隔)一aerospace(航空宇宙)aerogram aerom eter aeromedicine2、anti:against;opposite ofnuclear(核核子的)一antinuclear(反对使用核武器的)m atter(物质)一antim atter(反物质)war(战争、作战、打仗)一antiw ar(反战的,反对战争的)antiageing antifat antigas antinoi
2、se3、auto:of or by oneselfbiography(传记)一autobiography(自传)criticism (批评,批判)一autocriticism (自我反省,自我检讨)autoalarm autosuggestion4、be:to treat as the stated thingfriend(朋友,助手)一befriend(待人如友,帮助)little (很少的,矮小的,很少)belittle(轻视,使渺小,使显得渺小)becalm bepowder beside bemoan5、bi:tw o;tw ice;doublecycle(自行车)一bicycle(脚
3、踏车,自行车)biweekly bipolar bilateral bisexual6、bio:concerning living thingschem istry(化学)一biochem istry(生物化学)sphere(圈子)一biosphere(生物圈)7、by:less im portantproduct(产品,产物,)一by-product(副产品,附加产物)way(路,道路)一byway(小道)by-effect by-business bytim e8、centi:hundredth partgrade(等级)-ce n tig ra d e (分为百度的,百分度的,摄氏温度的
4、)meter(米)一centim eter(厘米)9、co:together,withauthor(作家,创造者)一coauthor(合著者,共同执笔者,合著)exist(存在,生存)一coexist(共存)coagent co-worker cooperation10、col:(used before L)together,withlocation(位置,场所)一collocation(排列,配置)collaborate 合作collingual11、com:(used before b,m,p)together,withlingual(语言的)bilingual(能说两种语言的)passi
5、on(激情,热情)一com passion(同情,怜悯)b a ttle战役 com b a t战斗country(乡下的,乡村的)一crosscountry(越野地,横过田野的)com bine com press com patriot12、con togethe r,w ithcentric(中心的,中央的)concentric(同中心的)federation(同 盟,联 邦,联 合,联 盟)confederation(联邦)conclude confirm conjoin contribute1 3、contra oppositediction(措辞,用语,言语)一contradict
6、ion(反驳,矛盾)natural(自然的,自然界的)一contranatural(违背自然的)contra-m issile contraclockw ise1 4 cor:(used before r)together,withrelate(叙述,讲,使联系,发生关系)一correlate(使相互关联,和相关)respond(回 答,响 应,作 出 反 应,有 反 应)correspond(符合,协调,通信,相当,相应)correct corrupt corrival1 5、counter oppositeact(担当,表现,见 效)一counteract(抵消,中和,阻碍)attack(
7、攻击)一counterattack(反引力)counterterrorist countereffect16、cross:across;going between the statedthings and joining thembreed(使)繁 殖,教 养,抚 养,品 种,种 类)crossbreed(生物 杂种,异种交配,培育杂种,(使)杂交)17、de:showing an opposite;to remove;toreducecode(代码,密码)一decode(解码,译解)value(评价,重视)一devalue(=devaluate)减值,贬值)decline increase
8、decrease18、dis m ot;the opposite ofadvantage(优势,有利条件)一disadvantage(不利,不利条件,缺点,劣势)agree(同意)一disagree(不一致,不适宜)honest(诚实的,正宜的)一dishonest(不诚实的)disorder discourage dispart distract19、em:(used before b,m,p)to cause tobecomebody(赋以形体)一em body(具体表达,使具体化)power(权力,激励)一empower(授权与,使能够)embed embar embow em bitt
9、er20、en:to cause to become;to makedanger(威胁)endanger(危及)large(大的,巨大的)enlarge(扩大,放大)enrich enclose enable enact21、ex:form er(and still living)26、in:notm inister(部长,大臣)一ex-m inister(前部长)direct(径直的,直接的)一indirect(间接的,迂回的)w ife(妻子)一ex-w ife(前妻)sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的)一insensitive(对没有感觉的,感觉迟钝的)export expose exp
10、el exaggerateinform al intake inspirit invigorate22 extra:outside;beyond27、infra:below in a range;beyondcurricular(课程的)extracurricular(课外的,业余的)red(红(色)的)infrared(红外线的,红外线)ordinary(平 常 的,普 通 的,平 凡 的)extraordinary(非常的,特别的,非凡的)structure(结构,构造)一infrastructure(下部构造,基础下部组织)extrabold extragovernm entalinfr
11、ahum an infrasonic2 3、fore:in advance,before;in or at thefront28、inter:between;amongchange(改变,变化)interchange(指两人等)arm(臂,武器,装备)一forearm(前臂,准备战斗,预先武装,准备)交换,相互交换)national(国家的,民族的)international(国际wam (警告)一forewarn(预先警告)的,世界的,国际性组织,国际比赛)forehead forew ordinteract inpersonal interview24 il:(used before I)
12、not29、intra:inside,w ithin;intolegal(法律的,合法)一illegal(违法的,不合规定的)city(城市,都市)一intracity(市内的)literate(学者,有文化的,有阅读和写作能力的)illiterate(违法的,不合规定的)departm ent(部,局,处,科,部门,系,学部)一intra-departm ent(内部)illogical illustrate ilium inateintraday intrapersonal intra-trading25、im:(used before b,m,p)not30、ir:(used befor
13、e r)notmoral(道德(上)的,精神的,道德)一im m oral(不道德的,邪恶的,放荡的,淫荡的)regular(规则的,有秩序的)一irregular(不规则的,无规律的)possible(可能的)impossible(不可能的)responsible(有责任的,可靠的)irresponsible(不负责任的,不可靠的)im polite im port im merge impulseirresistible irrelative irruption31、kilo:thousandgram(克,)kilogram(物千克,公斤)meter(米)一kilom eter(公里)ki
14、low att kilocalorie kilovolt32 m aero:large,esp.concerning a wholesystem rather than particular parts ofeconom ics(经济学)m acroeconom ics(宏观经济学)structure(结构)一m acrostructure(宏观结构)macrochange maroscale33、mal:bad or badlyfunction(官能,功能,作用)一m alfunction(故障)treat(宴请,款待)一m altreat(虐待,滥用)m alnutrition m alf
15、orm ationabuse curse3 4、m icro:extrem ely smallcom puter(计算机,电脑)一m icrocom puter(微机)electronics(电子学)一m icroelectronics(电子 微电子学)microscope m ircowave35、m id:m iddleday(天,白天)一midday(正午)night(夜,夜晚)一m idnight(午夜)36、mini:sm all;shortbus(公共汽车)m inibus(小型公共汽车)skirt(裙子)一m iniskirt(迷你短裙,超短裙)m inipark m inist
16、ate37、mis:bad or badly;w rong or w ronglyfortune(运气,好运)一m isfortune(不幸,灾祸)understand(懂,了解)一m isunderstand(误解,误会)m isread m isuse m istreat38、mono:one;singleplane(飞机)一monoplane(单翼机)tone(音调,语调)monotone(单调的,单调)m onolingual m onocycle39、m ulti:more than one;m anypurpose(目的,意图)m ultipurpose(多种用途的,多目标的)na
17、tional(国 家 的,国 立 有 的,民 族 的)m ultinational(多民族的,)m ultim edia media 媒体m ultiparty m ultilateral40、non:notresident 居住一nonresident(不居住的)se n se 理性,认识一nonsense(胡说,废话)nonstop noneffective nonsomker41、out:outside;beyondlive(活的,生动的)一outlive(比.长命,比.耐久)door(门,通道,家,户)一outdoor(室外的,户外的,野外的)outcom e outlet outfi
18、t42 over:too much;above;additionalhead(头,头的,主要的)一overhead(在头上的,在头顶上,在空中,在高处)tim e(时间,时侯,时机,)overtim e(超时,加班,延长时间,超时的,加班的,加班地,使超时)overuse overfly oversea overlook4 3 poly:manycentric(心的,中央的)一polycentric(多中心的)syllabic(语音节主音,音节的)polysyllabic(多音节的)polyfunctional polytechnical4 4、post:later than;aftergra
19、duate(大学)毕业生,研究生,(使)(大学)毕业)postgraduate(研究所学生,研究生,毕业后的)war(战争,作战,打仗)一postwar(战后的)postpone postdate post-liberation45、pre:before;in advancepay(薪水,工资,支付)prepay(预付)war(战争,作战,打仗)一prewar(战前的,在战前)prefix precool precook prepay4 6、pro:before;in favor of,supportingAmerica(v美美国,美洲(包括北美和南美洲)pro-Am erica?Aborti
20、on(流产,堕胎,失败,夭折,中止,早产)pro-abortion?name(姓名)pseudonym(假名,笔名)science(科学,自然科学)一pseudoscience(假科学,伪科学)psudo-dem ocratic psudograph48 re:again;back to the form er stateunite(联合,团结)reunite(使)再结合)use(使用)一reuse(再使用,重新使用)return reback review rebornrevival survival49、self:by means of oneself or itself;of,to,w
21、ith,for,or in oneself or itselfemployed(雇用,用,使用)一self-em ployedtaught(teach的过去式和过去分词)一self-taughtselfesteem selfconfidence50、sem i:half;partlycircle(圆周,圆形物)一sem icircle(半圆形)final(决赛)一sem ifinal(半决赛)sem iconductor?conductor51、step:not by birth but through a parentw ho has rem arriedm other(母亲,妈妈)一ste
22、pm other(继母)children(孩子,孩子们)stepchildren(继子)5 2、sub:under;less im ortant;part of thestated bigger whole47、pseudo:not real;falsedivide(分,划分,分开,隔开)一subdivide(再分,细分)58、ultra:beyond;very,extrem elysection(部分)一subsection(分部,分段)modern(近代的,现代的)一ultram odern(超现代化的)subw ay subm arine subadultsound(声音,语音)ultr
23、asound(超频率音响)53、super:more,larger,greater than usualultracold ultrafast ultrafinemarket(市场)superm arket(超级市场)59、un:notnatural(自然的,自 然 界 的,普 通 的,正 常 的)supernatural(超自然的,神奇的,超自然物,不可思议的事)certain(确定的,必然的,可靠的)一uncertain(无常的,不确定的,不可预测的,靠不住的)supersized supervise superheatfortunate(幸运的,幸福的)一unfortunate(不幸的,
24、使人遗憾的)54、tele:at or over a long distance;by or fortelevisionunconditional unjust uncivilizedcom m unicationtelecom m unication 电信60、under:too little;belowscreen(屏,银幕)一telescreen(电视屏幕,荧光屏)develop(发展,显影)一underdevelop(使)发展不完全,(使)显影不足)telegram telescope televisionsea(海洋,大浪)一undersea(海面下的)55、therm(o):con
25、cerning heatunderline underw orld underestim atechem istry(化学)一therm ochem istry(热化学)61、uni:one;singlemeter(计,表)一therm om eter(温度计,体温计一)form(形态,构成)一uniform (统一的,相同的)56、trans:across,on or to the other side of;betweenuniquedirectional(方向的)一unidirectional(单向的,单Atlantic(大西洋)transatlantic(大西洋彼岸的)向性的)plan
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