名词性从句专讲专练.pdf

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1、名词性从句专讲专练引导词A.连词：that（没有实在意义，不充当句子成份）whether（是否，不充当句子成份，可以引导各类名词性从句，一般可以和or,or n o t连用）if（是否，不充当句子成份，引导宾语从句。注意：它还可以引导条件状语从句，表“如果”）as if（好像，可引导表语从句。注意：它还可以引导方式状语从句。）because（因为，可引导表语从句。它还可以引导原因状语从句。）B.连接代词：who（谁，在从句中作主语、表语）whom（谁，在从句中作宾语、表语）whose（谁的，在从句中作定语）what（在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语时泛指事物，没有具体的含义，但作定语时可以翻译为“

2、什么”；另外，它还可以用来询问“价格，人口等”，表 示“多少”）which（哪一个/些，在从句中充当宾语和定语，一般强调在某一范围内的（哪个些.）whoever（无论谁，在从句中作主语、表语）whomever（无论谁，在从句中作宾语）whosever（无论谁的，在从句中作定语）whatever（在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语时可以翻译为“无论什么”）whichever（无论哪一个/些，一般在从句中充当宾语、和定语，而且强调在某一范围中的“无论哪一个/些”）C.连接副词：（注意：所有的连接副词在从句中都是充当状语）when（什么时候）where（哪里/在某处）why（为什么）how（1、多么

3、，后接形容词或副词；2、怎么样，如何，修饰动词，说明动作实行的方式）how many（多少,后接可数名词）how much（多少,接不可数名词）how long（多长,指时间，回答可用“for+一段时间”）how far（多远，指路程或距离）how soon（多快，指时间，回答可用“in+一段时间”）how fast（多快，指速度）however（1、无论多么，后接形容词或副词；2、怎么样，如何，修饰动词，说明动作实行的方式）wherever（无论哪里）whenever（无论何时什么时候）Cf.no matter howno matter whereno matter when只能引导让步状语

4、从句I I.各类名词性复合句的句型结构特点：A.主语从句：主语 从 句+主句的谓语动词+（宾语）+状语或其他That he failed the math exam suiprised all of us._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （你能力口入我们）made all of us happy._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

5、 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （他不在乎金钱）was a lie.Whether well go out for an outing depends on the weather.What he did added to our difficulty.（让每个人惊讶的事情）was that he didnt come to the meeting.B.宾语从句：a.主句的主语+主 句 的 谓 语 动 词（vt.vi.+prep./adv.）+宾语从句The manager came out to see what was the matter.Have you decided whic

6、h subject you are going to choose?He asked me how soon we would finish the work.We have to find out （这个错误是谁的）.b.主句的 主 语+主句的 谓 语+其 他+介 词+宾语从句The importance of bringing in new machines lies in that they can help to produce more clothes.The soldiers stood there still except_that his lips were moving.Wh

7、at we eat now is very different from（我们过去吃的东西）.Finally they decided to settle in what is called New England now.Give the book to （你在教室遇到的任何人），I know nothing about（斯密斯先生的手术是否成功）.C.表语从句：主句的主语+主句的谓语动词be/link v.+表语从句The question is whether our meeting should be put off.He is a lazy boy and that is （他总是上

8、课迟至lj）.D.同位语从句：抽象名词+同位语从句（一般用that引 导 陈 述 语 气）常见的抽象名词有：truth fact news information ideaviewpointhave an idea陈述语气have no idea疑问语气problemquestionbelief faithordercommand requestrequirementdemand suggestion advice proposalinsistencefear hope wishThe question whether he will come or not is not settled.Do

9、 you have any idea when he will set off?I didnt know the fact that he was angry until you told me.Nothing can change his faith （不久的将来他会是个成功的人）.The idea （我们再试一次）is a good one.III.各类从句的特定句型：1）主语从句：用让作形式主语的句型a.It+be+adj./n.+主语从句*It is natural/important/necessary/surprising/strange/funny+that 引导的主语从句，从句

10、的谓语动词可 以 用（should）+do be done的形式It is natural that we should learn English well.It is important that we（should）keen Ihe balance of nature.It is natural（你竟然先忘了它）It is strange （你竟然说不）b.It+be+V.（p.p.）+主语从句It is requested that Miss Wang（should）give a speech at the meeting.It is suggested that we（should）

11、have a meeting next week.It is ordered（我们应该要去最需要我们的地方）c.It（so）+happened+主语从句It so happened that I was at the spot at that time.It happened that I was out that day.d.It+matters/mattered（much/!ittle）+主语从句It matters much whether you are determined or not if you want to succeed.e.It+doesnt/didnt matter+

12、主语从句It doesnt matter whether we have money or not.f.It+seems/Zseemed（to sb）+adj./n.+主语从句It seems to me quite strange that he should be so rude to his classmates.g.I t +depends+主语从句It depends whether we can do it with fewer workers and less money.h.It is no wonder+that 主语从句It is no wonder thal he got

13、 high marks in the exam.It is no wonder that you misunderstood him.i.It makes no/little/great.difference+主语从句It wonl make any difference whether she will accept the invitation or not.It made great difference （他是否会去我的生日 宴会）.主语从句翻译题目翻译练习1.（谁将去接他）is not decided.2.（哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛）is not clear so far.3.（他能

14、否买至 飞机票）doesn*t matter much.4.（我们如何去那里）is a question.5.（你刚才告诉我的）was really a surprise.6.（他什么时候出国）is being discussed7.（他为什么哭）is not clear.8.It is clear（他是一个乞丐）.9.（你要请谁）is not important.10.（我们将在哪里举行篮球赛）is not clear.选择题:1.as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.A.The estimate B.The est

15、imateC.They are estimated D.It is estimated that2.some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.A.Which B.Since C.Although D.How3.we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.A.Whoever B.Whatever C.However D.That4.wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.A.For the

16、reason that he is B.Just because he isC.The reason of being D.That he is5.Although happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction,it could occur elsewhere in the world.A.which B.what C.how D.it6.she had forgotten to take her notebook.A.That occurred to her B.She occurred thatC.To her

17、 that occurred D.It occurred to her that7.1 am sure that she said is wrong.A.which B.all C.this D.what8.We lost our way in the forest,and made matters worse was that it was getting dark.A.that B.which C.it D.what9.some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.A.Which B.Since C.Although D.How10.o

18、r not is still uncertain.A.Hes coming B.If he is comingC.That coming D.Whether hes coming2）宾语从句：用 i t 作形式宾语的句型a.make/find/feel/think/consider/believe/suppose+adj./n.+宾语从句I never believe it true that he is dishonest.I think it wrong that the young dont respect the eld.Youd better make it clear that y

19、ou are only a boy.Do you think it a pity（她不能去我的宴会）b.主句的主语+主句的谓语+it+宾语从句I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.I dislike it when he spoke to me like that.Never depend on il Ihal God will help you.Why dont you bring it to his attention?你太忙了而做不了）1.It depends on+宾语从句2.主句的主语+主句的谓语+it+宾语从句I hea

20、rd it said that he was killed in the battle.1.Can you seeA.what hes reading B.what is he readingC.what does he read D.he reads what2.Does Jack come from Japan?Do you know?（合并成一个句子）Do you know Jack from Japan3._What did your son say in the letter_He told me that he_the Disney would the next dayA.will

21、 visit B.has visitedC.is going to visit D.would visit4.He didnt knowA.whats the matter B.what the matter isC.what was the matter D.what the matter was5.Somebody called you just now,but I didnt knowA.who were they B.who they wereC.who was it D.who it was6.I want to knowA.what is his nameB.whats his n

22、ameC.that his name isD.what his name is7.Could you tell m e_ she is looking for-H e r cousin,Susan.A.that B.whose C.who D.which8.What are you searching the Internet for-r m trying to find out.A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLUB.How many persons have died in IraqC.How to protect our en

23、vironmentD.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea9.Do you know?（谁正在唱歌）10.Do you know?（她正在和谁谈话）11.Do you know?（昨天发生了 什么事）3）表语从句：a.It looks/looked as if-clauseIt looks as if/as though someone were running after her now.It looks（她好象今天才两岁）It looks as if/as though she hadnt done thal at all.It loo

24、ks（她好象还能再活 100 年）b.It seems/seemed that-clauseIt seems that he is very disappointed.c.It appears/appeared that-clauseIt appeared that he could do everything possible to help the poor.d.Thafs/This is+表语从句That is _ L我想要告诉你的）e.It is because.If you asked me why I fired you,I would say that it was_ _ _ _

25、 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _（因为你跟猪一样懒）1.Where is Jack?He is you told him to go.A.where B.which C.what D.不填2.The difficulty we now meet with is we can persuade him to tell the truth.A.whether B.that C.what D.how3.America was was first called“India“by Columbus.A.what B.where

26、C.the place D.there4.After ten years,he changed a lot and looked different from he used to be.A.that B.whom C.what D.who5.The main facts in human life are five:birth,food,sleep,love and death.One could increase the number-add breathing for instance-but these five are the most obvious.Let us ask ours

27、elves our lives.A.they play in what part B.they play what part inC.what part they play in D.in what part they play6.My hometown is quite different from before.A.that it was B.it was C.what it was D.which it was7.is_the students to find out the meaning and the usage of new words.A.What a dictionary d

28、oes;help B.What dictionary does;to helpC.How a dictionary does;help D.All that a dictionary does;helps8.is worth doing at all is worth doing well.A.Whatever B.Whoever C.However it D.Whatever it9.You can choose book you like among these.A.no matter what B.whatever C.whose D.whichever10.You can take_

29、much you want and you want to.A.Whatever;when B.Whenever;howeverC.however;whatever D.however;whoever11.Was it at the very beginning_ Mr.White made the decision we should send more fire,fighters there?A.when;which B.that;thatC.when;so D.where;what12.a plan to deal with it is important.A.What we shoul

30、d work out B.We should work outC.That we should work outD.That what we should work out13._ the boss said at the meeting isn t true astonished all of us.A.That B.What C.What that D.That what14._ comes back first is supposed to win the prize.A.Anybody B.Who C.Whoever D.No matter who15.The reason I pla

31、n to go is she will be disappointed if I don t.A.that;because B.why;that C.why;because D.that;for16.一 I fell off my horseback,and broke my leg yesterday.一 Is that you drank too much?A.why B.how C.because D.when4）同位语从句：a.have no idea+同位语从句Sony,I really have no idea where she lives.Have you any idea w

32、hen she is leaving for Beijing?b.have an idea+that引导同位语从句I have an idea that she won9t leave me whatever happens.c.there is no need/no doubt+that 引导同位语从句There is no need that you worry about his safety,you see,he is a big boy now.There is no doubt （他对你全心全意）d.there is（great）doubt+同位语从句There is great

33、doubt who have stolen the car.e.Word came+that引 导 同位语从句（为了使句子结构更加平衡，抽象名词作主语而后面接有一个同位语从句时，往往把同位语从句后置。）Word came tha Ihc playground in our school would be replaced by a gym.Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates will b。admitted into universities.The question came up at the

34、meeting（我们是否有足够的钱进行研究）1.The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.（2009 江西）A.what B.which C.that D.though2.News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.（2009 四|）A.which B.what C.that D.where3.Tomorrow is Toms birthda

35、y.Have you got any idea the party is to be held?（2008 陕西）A.what B.which C.that D.where4.A warm thought suddenly struck me I might buy a tie for my fathers birthday.A.if B.when C.that D.which5.Do you have any idea is actually going on outside the classroom?A.that B.what C.as D.which6.Along with the l

36、etter was her promise she was free she would visit me this weekend.A.that B.if C.what if D.that if7.There remains a doubt among the public the vaccine is safe enough for children.A.whether B.that C.what D.how8.The mother was filled with anxiety her daughter might be disabled by the accident.A.whethe

37、r B.that C.what D.which9.Standing in the hall,Patty had an uneasy feeling somebody was watching her.A.why B.whether C.that D.which10.The doctor tried to remove the mans fear his wife might die during the operation.A.when B.that C.whether D.whatIV.注意问题1.语气问题：所谓肯定语气就是从句本身不缺少任何句子成分，只需要连接词that就可以表达一个完整的

38、意思；而所谓的疑问语气则是指主句本身包含有疑问的、或不清楚、不肯定的、或还没有决定等意向,或者是从句还需要某个带疑问语气的连接词来充当某个句子成分才能表达一个完整的意义或概念，这时不能用that来引导从句。（一般说来,ever类词和that都是表达肯定语气的选择。）Who stole the necklace will be found out soon.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.I dont know whether hell come to our help.What the doctor really doubt is whether

39、 my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.What made the school proud was that more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.That fashion differs from country lo country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.That Japan lies east of China is known to us

40、all.That people speed se much money on their pets surprises us a lot.His ability has never been in doubt-the question is whether he is prepared to work hard.2.语序问题：凡是从句都应该用陈述的语序。The manager asked what was the matter/the trouble.The manager asked what was wrong.The teacher asked who had broken the w

41、in d o w.（上面三句话的引导词都充当主语，语序不变。）The teacher asked why Tom hadnt turned up.3.主谓一致：一般说来，单个的主语从句做主语，主句的谓语动词用单数。l.The doctor did a lot to reduce the patients fear_he would die of the disease.A.that B.which C.of which D.of that2.The idea_ we should have more industry in this area is a good one.A.that B.wh

42、ich C.what D.how3.We expressed the hope_ they would come and visit China again.A.which B.that C.when D.if4.The order came_ the soldiers_ the small village the next morning.A.that;had to leave B.that,should leave C./,must leave D.when;should leave巩固性练习:1 It doesnt matterI rest or not.A.ifB.whetherC.t

43、hatD.when2、.1 cant understand ishe wants to change his mind.A.that,thatB.which,whatC.what,whyD.what,that3、I was free that day.A.It happened to B.It happened that C.That happenedD.It was happened that4、Heyou are not going abroad.A.surprised that B.is surprised whether C.is surprised thatD surprised a

44、t5、I wonder how muchA.cost the coat B.does the coat cost C.the coat costsD.the coat is cost6、I have will be yours sooner or later.A.No matter what B.Whatever C.Whether D.That7 in the newspaper that the Japanese Minister will arrive in Beijing next Friday.A.It says B.He is said C.It has said D.It is

45、said8、we go swimming every day us a lot of good.A.If,do B.That,do C.If,does D.That,does9 Is this we met them last night.?A.where B.place C.place in which D.place which10 We all know the truth there is air,water and sunlight there are living things.A.where B.wherever C.that D.that whereverIK I think

46、it is youre eating too much.A.that B.because C.the reason D.for12、It is said has been translated into French.A.that that B.which C.that D.that which13、It is still a question we shall have our sports meet.A.why B.that C.when D.which14 hs not yet clear of those will be chosen to go abroad.A.that B.whi

47、ch C.whom D.who15、These pictures show youA.What does our village look like B.What our village looks liveC.How does our village look like D.how our village looks like16N Can you make sure the gold necklace?A.where Alice had put B.where did Alice putC.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put17、Go and

48、 get your glasses.Its you left it.A.there B.where C.there where D.where there8、-Do you remember he came?-Yes,I do.He came by train.A.how B.when C.where D.that19、we can get seems better than we have.A.What,what B.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what20、Mother asked meA.what was wrong with me B.whats wrong

49、with meC.what wrong was with me D.what wrong is with me21、_they have won the game made us excited.A./B.That C.WhatD.Where22、_ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.A.If B.Whether C.Even ifD.When23、_ he says in his report is a very interesting question.A.What all B.All what C.WhatD.

50、What that24、When they will start_not been decided.A.have B.is C.doesD.has25、A._ certain that his invention will lead to the development of production.That is B.This is C.It is D.It has26、A._ is unknown to us all.Where did she put it B.Where she put it C.That where she put itD.In which she put it27、A