2021届广东省广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(二)英语试题和答案 .pdf

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1、精编精校秘密启用前试卷类型：B20212021 年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(二二)英语（含答案）英语（含答案）本试卷共 10页,满分 120分,考试用时 120 分钟。注意事项：1 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B 铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上,并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力,试卷从第二部分开始,试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用 2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字

2、迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)第一节(共 15小题；每小题 2.5分,满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACHAMBORD CASTLE,LOIR-ET-CHER,FRANCECHAMBORD CASTLE,LOIR-ET-CHER,FRANCEA remarkable example of classical

3、 French architecture,Chambord Castle is the largest castlein the Loire Valley of France.Built in 1519 as a hunting lodge for the royal court,the buildingwas rarely lived in.There are one hundred rooms(of 440)open-to the public and dozens ofstaircases,including one said to have been designed by Leona

4、rdo da Vinci.The surrounding21-square-mile nature park entertains with hiking and-biking routes and boat rentals.LEEDS CASTLE,KENT,UNITED KINGDOMLEEDS CASTLE,KENT,UNITED KINGDOMSituated on two islands in the middle of a lake,Leeds Castle provides a grand and romanticexperience.It has served as a roy

5、al residence for most of its 900-year history.The 500-acreEnglish castle now hosts year-round cultural events,with three restaurants,a bed-and-break-fast and a yew tree maze.精编精校MOSZNA CASTLE,POLANDMOSZNA CASTLE,POLANDMoszna Castle was originally designed in Baroque style in the 17th century,but the

6、 later ad-dition of a neo-Gothic brought Hogwarts appeal to the castle,especially at night when its 99towers and glowing windows twinkle in the outdoor reflecting pool.Nowadays,art exhibitsand indoor concerts attract visitors to the 365-room castle.BRAN CASTLE,BRASOV,ROMANIABRAN CASTLE,BRASOV,ROMANI

7、ABran Castle originally dates back to the year 1212 and is mistakenly believed to be the homein Bram Stokers Dracula.The author never visited this fortress,commonly known as Drac-ulas Castle,but it still attracts literature fans to its weakly-lit hallways for night tours and anannual Halloween party

8、.21.What can visitors-to Chambord Castle do?A.Hunt in the nature park.C.Live in any of its rooms.B.Go boating with friends.D.Admire da Vincis paintings.22.Visitors interested in beautiful night-time views can go to _.A.CHAMBORD CASTLEC.MOSZNA CASTLEB.LEEDS CASTLED.BRAN CASTLE23.Which castle has the

9、longest history?A.CHAMBORD CASTLE.C.MOSZNA CASTLE.B.LEEDS CASTLE.D.BRAN CASTLE.BTourists to the North Antrim Coast come for its breathtaking beauty On this stretch ofcoast,myth and history live side by side,and running out of things to do is near impossible.Giants Causeway,Carrick-a-Rede,the Iron Is

10、les filming locations.However,when I make my way to the north of the-country in October,none of themthem areon my mind.What brings me to the coastal town of Portrush are the waves.Located,on a peninsula,Portrush is home to three brilliant beaches and all the usual pointsof interest of a coastal town

11、.But what makes the North Antrim Coast so special is the promiseof the consistent waves hitting its shores.Although still relatively unknown,its a surfer sdream destination.This is the home of six-time Irish national surfing champion,Andrew Hill,after all.精编精校I meet Andrew at his surf shop,the most

12、popular in Portrush.After hiring a surf boardand jumping in the water at West Strand,I quickly realise that my trusted wetsuit is not enough.Within just 30 minutes,Ive lost all feeling in my feet and hands,and my ears are burning.Iretreat to a nearby caf and gulp down steaming tea before popping by

13、Andrews shop again.Surf boots are what I need,we decide.I leave with a new determination to master the icyAtlantic waves.Im invited to surf a different spot with Andrew and his friend that afternoon.but I decline his generous offer.My head is set on one thing only:taking revenge on the samewaves tha

14、t almost turned me into an ice block that very morning.Even with boots,surfing the cold waters of Portrush leaves my feet purple.I becomecovered in bruises that dont register until I thaw out each night,and it takes a couple of daysto fully regain feeling in my hands.But its worth it,and I would gla

15、dly do it all over again.24.What does the underlined word“them”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The popular attractions.C.The filming locations.B.Coastal towns.D.Passionate tourists.25.Why is the author attracted to the North Antrim Coast?A.It has internationally famous beaches.B.Its home to the usual seas

16、ide interests.C.It produces excellent waves for surfing.D.Its the hometown of a surfing champion.26.The author goes back to the surf shop to_.A.better equip himself for the challengeB.consult with some experienced surfersC.accompany the owner on a later surf tripD.quickly warm himself up with some h

17、ot tea27.What is the tone of the passage?A.Narrative and serious.B.Persuasive and critical.D.Informative and objective.C.Descriptive and positive.CWhen the Chinese spacecraft(航天器)Change-5 returned to Earth on December 17,2020,it brought back something not seen on our planet since the 1970s:moon rock

18、 samples.Thisprecious cargo,collected by Change-5s robotic research vehicle in the northwest region ofthe lunar near side,is now being studied by scientists in Beijing.The success of the latest精编精校Chinese space mission also showcased technology that may be used in future years to createhuman settlem

19、ents on Earths near neighbour.The returned lunar samples will“absolutely add new knowledge of the history of themoon,particularly its volcanoes,”says Xiao Long,a planetary scientist at China University ofGeosciences.The rocks sent back by Chang e-5“will ask us to rethink about why and howthe moons v

20、olcanic history lasted this long,”he says.The Change-5 mission was more than just a trip to collect moon rocks.It was also thelatest stage of a long,planned sequence of robotic lunar explorations by China that have grownever more scientifically advanced.The program began with the 2007 launch of Chan

21、g e-1 and Change-2 three years later.These craft circled the moon collecting data used to help guide Change-3 and Change-4,thefirst Chinese spacecraft to land on the moon surface,and to direct their robotic vehicles.Therobot on Change-5 was able to collect rock and soil samples and return them to Ea

22、rth.In thenear future,an identical spacecraft called Chang e-6 will attempt a sample-return mission fromthe moons south pole an area of intense scientific interest-given the large amount of waterice present.The more advanced Change-7 and Change-8 spacecraft are also planned to land near thesouth pol

23、e to carry out analysis of the region and test new technologies,including detectingand obtaining materials that could be usefulto future human explorers,such as water andhydrogen,and testing 3-D printing on the lunar surface.The long-term aim of the Chang s program is to establish an International L

24、unar ResearchStation around 2030 to support robotic and,eventually,crewed missions.28.What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A.The moons recent volcanic activities.B.The significance of the moon rock samples.C.New knowledge of the history of the moon.D.Further studies of the returned lunar samples.29.What

25、 distinguishes the mission of Change-6 from that of Change-5?A.The technology they use.B.The time they spend on the moon.C.The specific locations they explore.D.The amount of material they bring back.30.Change-7 and Change-8 space missions are mainly intended to _.精编精校A.transport researchers to the

26、moon stationB.build up an International Lunar Research StationC.collect data necessary to guide moon-landing spacecraftD.find and test resources and means to support living on the moon31.Which of the following best summarizes the Changs space program?A.A project to study the surface of the moon.B.A

27、plan to improve human settlements on the moon.C.A set of experiments to test the possibility of manned spacecraft.D.A series of increasingly challenging scientific lunar explorations.DWhat makes people so special?Tool use,self-consciousness,language,and culture arehigh on the list,but in fact all of

28、 these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animalkingdom.Humans and apes are close relatives,so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzeesuse tools or that gorillas(大猩猩)have a sense of fair play,even rejecting carrots(which theynormally accept)when they see their neighbors getting grape

29、s.But the qualities that we oftenthink of as uniquely human exist not just on land,but in the ocean as well.Among the invertebrates,octopuses(八爪鱼)are known for their intelligence,even ex-hibiting evidence of playfulness,tool use,and personality.But these skilled predators livealone and consequently

30、lack culture.Dolphins,on the other hand,are large-brained,long-living,social-group-based predators,and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to hu-man-like culture and awareness.Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others.Many animals have cultur

31、e in this sense,but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on.Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fishhiding on the ocean floor.This ability is handed down through generations(especially in fe-males),with some families-grandmother,mother,and

32、daughter-all feeding in this highlyspecialized way.Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize them-selves in a mirror.When facing a mirror,most animals behave as though they are interactingwith another individual.Even in humans,the ability to recognize that

33、the image in a mirror isoneself does not occur before the age of 18 months.Dolphins not only recognize themselves,精编精校but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin,it will spend extra time at the mirror tolook at the mark.32.The example of gorillas rejecting carrots shows they _.A.are not easy

34、 to foolB.prefer fruit to vegetablesC.have a special taste for foodD.have an awareness of equality33.What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins?A.Social interaction.C.Tool using ability.B.Intelligence.D.Fun-loving spirits.34.What makes dolphin culture special?A.They tend to hunt in groups.B.Their

35、 hunting skills are passed down.C.Their learning environment is favourable.D.Their families are typically female-controlled.35.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror.B.Dolphins are as intelligent as a typical 18-month-old human bab

36、y.C.Dolphins are generally regarded as the most advanced non-human species.D.Dolphins ability to recognize their own reflection is a higher-order mental skill.第二节(共 5小题；每小题 2.5分,满分 12.5 分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Critical thinking is making an effort to improve the way you think.36

37、We use thisprocess to solve problems,make arguments and evaluate claims.It s important in just aboutevery area of life.Most of our thinking is not critical thinking.We don t need to make many judgments totravel to work or cook dinner.37 Critical thinking can save us from blindly making poorchoices.S

38、o how can you improve your critical thinking skills?You need to practise.There aremany ways of doing that.Here are a few:精编精校 38 Look at articles or books written by people on all sides of the issue.For eachsource,evaluate the argument:What claim is it making?What reasons does it give?Are thereasons

39、 logical?When you see or hear a claim,ask questions about it.Who is making the claim andwhy?What is the claimants background and how does this motivate their opinion?Evaluate your own thinking.Where do you tend to not think critically?Why don t you?How can you improve?Question things you assume.What

40、 claims do you accept without knowing the reasonsfor them?39Try to find out what others believe about that claim and why.As you grow in critical thinking,youll become a wiser and more thoughtful person.40A.Stick to your claim.B.Read about a topic people disagree on.C.When you think of one,do some re

41、search.D.Its analyzing facts separately so you can make decisions.E.And it may help you to succeed at work or school as well.F.Well only use it if we make a conscious effort to ask questions about what we see.G.But when a problem comes our way,we need to think critically to decide how to solve it.第三

42、部分 语言运用(共两节；满分 30 分)第一节(共 15小题；每小题 1分,满分 15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A famous theorist once said,“I dont divide the world into the weak and the strong:or thesuccesses and the failures.I divide the world into the learners and the non-learners.”What on earth would make someone a non-le

43、arner?Everyone is born with an intense 41to learn.Babies rise to the learning challenge daily.Not just for 42 tasks,but the mostdifficult ones of a lifetime,like leaning to walk and talk.They never decide it s too hard ornot worth the 43 .Babies don t worry about making mistakes or 44 themselves.The

44、ywalk,they fall,they 45 .What puts an end to this fearless learning?A fixed mindset.As soon as children becomeable to evaluate themselves,some of them become 46 of challenges.They worry about notbeing 47 .My research team have studied thousands of people from preschoolers on,andIts breathtaking how

45、many 48 an opportunity to learn.精编精校We offered four-year-olds a 49：they could redo an easy jigsaw(拼图)or try a harderone.Even at this young age,children with a fixed mindset stuck with the 50 one.Theybelieve smart kids dont make 51 .Children with a growth mindset,however,thought it was a 52 choice.Wh

46、y wouldanyone want to keep doing the same puzzle 53?They chose increasingly difficult-onesinstead.Believing that success is about learning,children with a growth mindset seized the chance.But those with a fixed mindset didnt want to expose their 54 .This is how a fixed mindsetmakes people into 55 .4

47、1.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.51.52.53.54.55.第二节(共 10小题；每小题 1.5分,满分 15 分；阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The glass.harp is one of the most extraordinary instruments in the world.It doesnt evenappear to be 56 instrument at first glance,and it isnt actually a harp at all.Instead,its justa set of glas

48、ses on a table.The glasses are of different sizes and some are filled with water.57 (play)the glass harp,performers wet and rub their fingers along the tops of theglasses.Each glass will then produce a high 58 low sound,depending on its shape and howA.fearA.crucialA.attentionA.confusingA.get upA.afr

49、aidA.adorableA.seizeA.lessonA.challengingA.decisionsA.strangeA.repeatedlyA.secretsA.theoristsB.driveB.mentalB.effortB.behavingB.give upB.ashamedB.curiousB.ruinB.choiceB.interestingB.jigsawsB.promisingB.unwillinglyB.thoughtsB.perfectionistsC.competitionC.ordinaryC.interestC.punishingC.show upC.confid

50、entC.modestC.rejectC.giftC.newC.mistakesC.profitableC.automaticallyC.preferencesC.non-learnersD.concentrationD.particularD.timeD.hurtingD.shut upD.ignorantD.smartD.requireD.gameD.simpleD.predictionsD.difficultD.properlyD.weaknessesD.risk-takers精编精校much water it 59 (contain).Many people think the sou