2021年云南省高考英语总复习：阅读理解.pdf

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1、2021年云南省高考英语总复习：阅读理解1.A Japanese billionaire,Yusaku Maezawa,will be the first man to fly on a SpaceX rocket foran about seven-day trip around the moon as early as 2023,and he plans to bring six to eightartists along.Maezawa,42,will have been the first moon traveller since the last US Apollo task in1

2、972.He paid a large amount of money for the trip.Ever since I was a kid,I have lovedthe Moon,u he said.This is my lifelong dream.”Maezawa is CEO of Japans largest online fashion mall.He is the founder of ZOZO,aglobal company based in Japan where people can buy clothing online.His another hobby iscol

3、lecting valuable works of modern art.His love for art led him to decide to invite artists to come along.He said,I would liketo invite six to eight artists from around the world to join me on this mission to theMoon.They will be asked to create something after they return to the earth.Thesemasterpiec

4、es will inspire the people who have dreams.”The first space tourist was Dennis Tito,an American businessman who in 2001 paidsome 20 million dollars to fly on a Russian spaceship to the International space Station.SpaceX CEO Elon Musk described Maezawa as the bravest and best adventurer.Hestepped for

5、ward,H Musk added.We are honored that he chose us.Musk said he would notmake known the price for the Moon trip,but said it would be free for the artists.This is dangerous,to be clear.This is no walk in the park,M Musk warned.Thereis a chance something could go wrong.”(1)According to the text,Yusaku

6、Maezawa C.A.will be the first space tourist in the worldB.owns the worlds largest online fashion mallC.has dreamed of travelling to the moon since childhoodD.plans to spend seven days walking on the moon(2)What made Maezawa decide to invite some artists to come along?AA.His strong love for art.第1页 共

7、4 6页B.His dream of becoming an artist.C.His hobby of collecting rocket models.D.His idea of making a meaningful journey.(3)What will the artists be expected to do according to the text?AA.Create unusual art works after the journey.B.Pay for their own journey.C.Explore their imagination in space.D.In

8、spire people to become dreamers.(4)What Musk said in the last paragraph mean BA.tourists might go in a wrong directionB.tourists might lose their livesC tourists are sure of their safetyD.tourists have a chance to live in space【解答】(1)C.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，Ever since I was a kid,I have loved the Moon,he sa

9、id.This is my lifelong dream.可知 我从小就喜欢月亮，“他说。这是我一生的梦想。”可知，Yusaku Maezawa从小就梦想着去月球旅行。结合选项，故选C。(2)A.细节理解题。根据文章第四段，His love for art led him to decide to invite artists tocome along.他对艺术的热爱使他决定邀请艺术家一起来。可知，Maezawa决定邀请一些艺术家来参加，是因为他对艺术的强烈热爱。结合选项，故选A。(3)A.细节理解题。根据文章第四段，They will be asked to create something

10、 after theyreturn to the earth.他们将被要求在返回地球后创造一些东西。可知，艺术家将被期望在旅程结束后，创作不寻常的艺术作品。结合选项，故选A。(4)B.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，This is dangerous,to be clear.This is no walk inthe park,*Musk warned.There is a chance something could go wrong.需要明确的是，这是危险的。这可不是在公园里散步，Musk警告说。”有可能会出问题的。”可知，Musk在最后一段所说的话意思是游客可能会失去生命。结合选项，故选B

11、。2.One day,gardeners might not just hear the buzz of bees among their flowers,but the whirrof robots,too.Scientists have managed to turn an unassuming drone(无 人 机)into aremote-controlled pollinator(授 粉 媒 介)by attaching horsehairs coated with a special,sticky gel(凝胶)to its underbelly(下腹部).第2页 共4 6页An

12、imal pollinators are needed for the reproduction of 90%of flowering plants and onethird of human food crops.Chief among those are bees-but many bee populations in theUnited States have been in sharp decline in recent decades.Thus,the decline of bees isntjust worrisome because it could damage ecosyst

13、ems,but also because it could disruptagriculture and economy.People have been trying to come up with replacement techniques,but none of them are especially effective yet.Scientists have thought about using drones,but they havent figured out how to makefree-flying robot insects that can rely on their

14、 own power source without being attached to awire.Its very tough work,said senior author Eijiro Miyako,a chemist at the NationalInstitute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.His particular contribution to thefield involves a gel,one hed considered a mistake 10 years before and stuck in a s

15、toragecabinet（储物柜）.When it was rediscovered a decade later,it hadn*t dried up or degraded atall.I was so surprised because it still had high viscosity,“Miyako said.The chemist noticed that when dropped,the gel absorbed an impressive amount of dustfrom the floor.Miyako realized this material could be

16、 very useful fbr picking up pollen（花粉）.He and his colleagues chose a drone and attached horsehairs to its smooth surface tocopy a bee*s fuzzy body.They coated those horsehairs in the gel,and then controlled thedrones over lilies,where they would pick up the pollen from one flower and then deposit th

17、epollen at another one,thus fertilizing it.The scientists looked at the hairs under a scanning electron microscope and counted upthe pollen grains attached to the surface and found that the drones whose horsehairs had beencoated with the gel had about 10 times more pollen than those that had not bee

18、n coated withthe gel.Miyako does not think such drones would replace bees altogether,but could simply helpbees with their pollinating duties.Theres a lot of work to be done before thats a reality,however.Small drones will need to become more controllable and energy efficient,as wellas smarter,with b

19、etter GPS and artificial intelligence.（1）What does the underlined word viscosity*in Para.3 probably mean?BA.hardness.第3页 共4 6页B.stickiness.C.flexibility.D.purity.(2)We can learn from the passage that D.A.bees disrupt both agriculture and economyB scientists have invented self-powered robot insectsC.

20、bees in the United States are dying out.D.Miyako found the special feature of the gel by chance(3)A drone works best in picking up pollen when D.A.its body is made like a beesB.its GPS works more efficientlyC.some flowers are coated with the gelD.horsehairs with the gel are attached to it(4)Accordin

21、g to Eijiro Miyako,the drones A.A.are not yet ready fbr practical useB.may eventually replace bees in the futureC.are much more efficient than bee pollinatorsD.can provide a solution to economic depression【解答】(1)B.词义猜测题.根据文章第三段，When it was rediscovered a decade later,ithadnt dried up or degraded at

22、a ll.当它十年后被重新发现时，凝胶根本没有干枯或退化.可知，Miyako惊讶的是它仍然具有很高的粘性.结合选项，故选B.(2)D.细节理解题.根据文章第三段，His particular contribution to the field involves a gel,one hed considered a mistake 10 years before and stuck in a storage cabinet.When it wasrediscovered a decade later,it hadnt dried up or degraded at a ll.他对这一领域的特殊贡

23、献是一种凝胶，10年前他认为这是一个错误，并被放在储藏柜里，10年后重新发现时，它根本没有干涸或变质。可知，Miyako是偶然间发现凝胶这种特殊特性的.结合选项，结合选项，故选D.(3)D.细节理解题.根据文章倒数第二段，The scientists looked at the hairs under a scanningelectron microscope and counted up the pollen grains attached to the surface and found that thedrones whose horsehairs had been coated wit

24、h the gel had about 10 times more pollen than第4页 共4 6页those that had not been coated with the gel.科学家们在扫描电子显微镜下观察 这些毛发，并对附着在表面的花粉粒进行了计数，发现那些马毛上涂有凝胶的雄蜂的花粉量大约是没有涂有凝胶的雄蜂的10倍.可知，带凝胶的马毛附着在上面时，雄蜂最擅长收集花粉结合选项，故选D.(4)A.推理判断题.根据文章最后一段,Theres a lot of work to be done before thats a reality.在投入使用之前，还有很多工作需要做.故可

25、知，这种无人机还未投入使用.结合选项，故选A.3.Heads up!Across the country,sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes.Now,the American Medical Association(AMA)has a new set of guidelines aimed at protectingplayers from the danger of concussions-serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.By raising awarene

26、ss of the serious risks associated with concussions and ensuring thatthe appropriate guidelines are in place,we can reduce the number of young athletes who mayreturn to the game too soon,which can put their health at further risk,“said AMA BoardMember Jack Resneck Jr M.D.in a statement.The policy re

27、commends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off thefield as soon as possible.Then,they are only to return to their sport with a doctors writtenapproval.The policy also sets age-specific rules for health care professionals and athleticorganizations in evaluating and caring for con

28、cussions.According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC),a concussion is atype of traumatic(仓 伤)brain injury caused by a bump,blow,or jolt to the head or hit tothe body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth.This type ofmovement can cause the brain to bounce ar

29、ound or twist inside the skull(颅骨).It candamage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain.The CDC says that between 1.6 million and 3.8 million traumatic brain injuries caused bysports and recreation-related activities occur in the U.S.every year.A study from theCenter tor Injury Research

30、 and Policy showed that as many as 40%of high school athletesreturn to playing before they should.The AMAs new guidelines should help to bring thosenumbers down.(1)Why does the AMA set the new guidelines?B第5页 共4 6页A.To raise safety standards of sports.B.To protect athletes from concussions.C.To set

31、rules for health care evaluation.D.To help players return to the game quickly.(2)What should young athletes who may have a concussion do?CA.Avoid using the head.B.Leave the field forever.C.Get treatment in time.D.Switch to another sport.(3)What is paragraph 4 mainly about?AA.What a concussion is.B.W

32、hat causes damage to brain cells.C.How the CDC works.D.How a concussion can be prevented.(4)Which of the following is the best title for the text?BA.Rules for Safer PlayB.Sports Injuries in the USC Advice to AthletesD.New Policies for Doctors【解答】1.B.细节理解题.根据第一段 Now,the American Medical Association(A

33、MA)has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions-serious injuries caused by a blow to the h ead.现在，美国医学协会(A M A)制定了一套新的指导方针，旨在保护运动员免受因头部撞击而造成的脑震荡严重伤害的危险.可知，AMA制定新的指导方针是为了保护运动员免受脑震荡.故选B.2.C.细节理由军题 根据第三段 The policy recommends that young athletes who may have ac

34、oncussion be taken off the field as soon as possible.该政策建议，可能有脑震荡的年轻运动员应尽快被带出赛场.可知，有脑震荡的年轻运动员应该及时得到治疗.故选C.3.A.细节理解题.根据第四段 According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC),a concussion is a type of traumatic(仓 U 伤)brain injury caused by a bump,blow,or jolt to the head or hit to the bod

35、y that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and第6页 共4 6页f o r th.根据疾病预防控制中心（CDC）的说法，脑震荡是由头部撞击，撞击或颠簸或撞击身体而导致头部和大脑移动而引起的一种创伤性（受伤）脑损伤迅速来回.可知，第 4段主要讲述了脑震荡是什么.故选A.4.B.主旨大意题.阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了在全国范围内，运动伤害是年轻运动员的安全隐患.现在，美国医学协会（AMA）制定了一套新的指导方针，旨在保护运动员免受因头部撞击而造成的脑震荡严重伤害的危险.故选B.4.Some parents will

36、 buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child,but researcherssaid puzzles help children with math-related skills.Psychologist Susan Levine,an expert on mathematics development in young children atthe University of Chicago,found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 late

37、rdevelop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition（认知）after controlling for differences in parents*income,education and the amount of parenttalk,Levine said.The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everydayactivities at ho

38、me and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of agehave better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,on tasksthat assessed their ability to rotate（旋转）and translate shapes,“Levine said in

39、a statement.The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,and abouthalf of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time.Higher-income parentstended to have children play with puzzles more frequently,and both boys and girls who playedwith puzzles had bette

40、r spatial skills.However,boys tended to play with more complex puzzlesthan girls,and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active duringpuzzle play than the parents of girls.The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.（1）In which aspect do children ben

41、efit from puzzle play?BA.Building confidence.B.Developing spatial skills.C Learning self-control.第7页 共4 6页D.Gaining high-tech knowledge.(2)What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment?CA.Parents age.B.Childrens imagination.C.Parents education.D.Child-parent relationship.(3)H

42、ow do boys differ from girls in puzzle play?DA-They play with puzzles more often.B.They tend to talk less during the game.C.They prefer to use more spatial language.D.They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.(4)What is the text mainly about?BA A mathematical method.B.A scientific study.C.A woman

43、 psychologist.D.A teaching program.【解答】(1)B.细节理解题.根据第二段的Psychologist Susan Levine,an expert onmathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago,found children whoplay with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial sk ills.芝加哥大学幼儿数学发展专家、心理学家苏珊莱 文(Susan Levine)发现，在

44、 2 岁至4 岁之间玩拼图游戏的儿童后来会发展出更好的空间技能.可知，拼图游戏对儿童发展空间技能有益.故选B.(2)C.细节理解题.根据第二段的 Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor ofcognition(认知)after controlling for differences in parents*income,education and theamount of parent talk,Levine sa id.莱文说，在控制了父母收入、教育程度和家长谈话量的差异后，拼图游戏被发现是认知能力的一个显著预测因子.可知，莱文在

45、设计她实验时考虑到了父母的教育.故选C.(3)D.细节理解题.根据第五段的 However,boys tended to play with more complexpuzzles than girls然而，男孩往往比女孩玩更复杂的拼图，可知，男孩和女孩的不同在于他们可能会玩更难的拼图.故选D.第8页 共4 6页(4)B.主旨大意题.根据全文和第三段的 The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children wh

46、o play withpuzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 monthsof a g e.研究人员分析了 53对儿童家长在家中日常活动的视频记录，发现在26至 46个月大之间玩拼图游戏的儿童在54个月大时的空间技能更好,可知，文章是关于一个关于拼图对孩子益处的科学研究.A.A mathematical method数学方法；B.A scientific study科学研究；c.A woman psychologist女心理学家;D.A teaching pro

47、gram教学课程.故选 B.5.With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(JR独)，morefamilies are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet,for Nick Bright at least,leads straight to his mother-in-law：she lives on the ground floor,while he lives upstairs with his wi

48、fe and their twodaughters.Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol-one of agrowing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the sameroof.They share a front door and a washing machine,but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen,bathroom,bedro

49、om and living room on the ground floor.“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,says Kathryn Whitehead.Rita cutsin：We spoke more with Nick because I think its a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-la w.”And what does Nick think?”From my standpoint,it all seems to work very well.Wo

50、uldI recommend it?Yes,I think I would.Its hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him,but research indicates that thenumbers have been rising for some time.Official reports suggest that the number ofhouseholds with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000in