2021年河南省高考英语总复习：阅读理解.pdf

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1、2021年河南省高考英语总复习：阅读理解1.When I tell people I wrote a book with my dad,they usually say,It must be nice to think ofthe legacy（留下来的东西）you created with someone who means so much to you.”This was a beautiful idea,but it was not the way I,or my dad,ever thought about thecooperation.Though we created someth

2、ing were proud of,“nice is not the word either ofus uses to describe the process.It was more confrontation（对抗）than cooperation,my dad likes to say.I agree.When we landed a book deal,we began a writing journey that was more difficult thaneither of us had anticipated,but also far more rewarding.For al

3、most three years,we met once or twice a week at my parents house and talkeddaily to plan and outline each chapter.After these meetings,one of us would write a roughdraft that the other would build on.I wanted the book to focus on positive vices（不良习惯）:such as moderate（适度的）chocolate.However,my dad fel

4、t the book should includechapters dealing with things like walking and spending time with family.Ultimately,I sawit his way.He said the book was about more than just good vices.It was about encouragingpeople to enjoy life in healthy ways.Writing this book was a reminder that our family members share

5、 not only our faults butalso our strengths.My dad is smart,funny,critical and caring.He has a strong passionfor the truth.I hope I share these great qualities.For this book,he researched each topicwith an enthusiasm Fd never seen from him,and he insisted that we constantly question andcritically ana

6、lyze every piece of information-even our own conclusions.He wasdetermined to cooperate with me on a book,not because he couldnt write one on his own,but because he believed that we could create something better together than we could alone.Im not sure if our cooperation led to better writing,but Im

7、sure it led to a better writingexperience.Writing this book was difficult,sometimes more difficult than past projects,butit was never lonely.（1）How would the author describe the writing process according to the first 3 paragraphs?B第1页 共4 6页A.Nice.B.Struggling.C.Relaxing.D.Disappointing.(2)What is Pa

8、ragraph 5 mainly about?CA.A healthy lifestyle.B.The theme of the book.C.How the author and his father worked together.D.Why the author wanted to write the book.(3)What can we learn about the authors father?DA.He is not good at writing.B.He lacks confidence in himself.C.He likes to criticize others w

9、orks.D.He likes to get to the bottom of things.(4)What did the author learn from the cooperation with his father?CA.Its important to make a plan before work.B.Their cooperation resulted in a better book than the author expected.C.Its worthwhile to work with someone close to you.D.Communicate more wh

10、en there is an argument.【解答】(1)B.情感态度题,根据第二段和第三段：Though we created somethingwere proud of,nice is not the word either of us uses to describe theprocess.It was more confrontation than cooperation,my dad likes to say.Iagree.虽然我们创造了一些我们引以为豪的东西，但“好”不是我们用来描述这个过程的词.”这是对抗多于合作，我父亲喜欢说.我同意.可知我们的合作过程充满了斗争.结合选项

11、：A.N ic e 很好.B.Struggling挣扎的.C.Relaxing令人放松的.D.Disappointing令人失望的.故选B.(2)C.细节理解题.根据第四段：However,my dad felt the book should includechapters dealing with things like walking and spending time with family.Ultimately,I saw it his way.He said the book was about more than justgood vices.It was about encou

12、raging people to enjoy life in healthy ways.第2页 共4 6页然而，我父亲觉得这本书应该包括一些章节，比如散步和与家人共度时光.最终，我看到了他的方式.他说这本书不仅仅是关于好的恶习.它是关于鼓励人们以健康的方式享受生活.故选C.(3)D.段落大意题.根据开头几个句子：we met once or twice a week at my parents houseand talked daily to plan and outline each chapter.After these meetings,one of us would writea ro

13、ugh draft that the other would build on.我们每周在父母家见一两次面，每天都在计划和勾勒每一章.在这些会议之后，我们中的一个会写一个草稿，另一个会在草稿的基础上继续写下去.可知本段讲述了作者和父亲如何一起创作的过程.故选D.(4)D.推理判断题.根据第五段：For this book,he researched each topic withan enthusiasm Fd never seen from him,and he insisted that we constantlyquestion and critically analyze every

14、piece of information-even our ownconclusions.为了这本书，他以我从未见过的热情研究每一个话题，他坚持认为我们不断地质疑和批判性地分析每一条信息，甚至是我们自己的结论.可知父亲喜欢弄清事情的真 相.故 选 D.(5)C.推理判断题.根据最后一段：Im not sure if our cooperation led tobetter writing,but Im sure it led to a better writing experience.Writingthis book was difficult,sometimes more difficul

15、t than past projects,but itwas never lonely.我不确定我们的合作是否会带来更好的写作，但我相信这会带来更好的写作体验.写这本书很难，有时比过去的项目更难，但它从不孤独.可知和你身边的人一起工作是值得的.故选C.2.It was about five in the morning in Ontario,Canada,when Donna Stricklands phonerang.The Nobel Prize committee was on the line in Stockholm,calling to tell her she hadwon th

16、e prize in physics.I wondered if it was a joke,Strickland said in an interview with a Nobel official after thecall.She had been asleep when the call arrived.Something was wrong because it came soearly in the morning.But then I knew it was the right day,and it would have been a crueljo k e.Strickland

17、,an associate professor at the University of Waterloo,shares the honor withtwo other scientists for their work in the 1980s in transforming lasers(激光)into tiny toolsthat today have countless application.The prize money$4 million will be shared among the第3页 共4 6页three.Half the prize went to Stricklan

18、d and her cooperator Gerard Mourou,a professor at theEcole Poly technique in France.The other half was awarded to Arthur Ashkin,a retiredphysicist who worked at the famous Bell Labs in the United States.Strickland*s win is historic in more than one way.Its been over 55 years since a womanwas awarded

19、 the Nobel Prize in Physics.In 1903,Marie Curie became the first-everwoman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics.For the next 60 years,no women physicists wereawarded.Maria Goeppert Mayer became the second woman physicist to win the Nobel Prizein Physics in 1963.Strickland herself was surprised to learn s

20、he was the third woman to receive the honor inphysics.uIs that all,really?I thought there might have been more.she said at a pressconference Tuesday.We need to celebrate women physicists,because were outthere.Hopefully,in time,it will start to move forward at a faster ra te.(1)What was Donnas first

21、reaction after she received the call?BA.She felt all efforts paid off.B.She was doubtful about it.C.She was too excited to say a word.D.She was annoyed at being waken up.(2)What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?AA.Three women winners of the Nobel Prize in Physics in history.B.The history of the Nobel Pri

22、ze in Physics.C.Stricklands struggle to win the Nobel Prize.D.Stricklands achievements in physics.(3)What does the underlined it in the last paragraph refer to?CA.The celebration of the Nobel Prize winners.B.The achievement of men physicists.C.Awarding women physicists the Nobel Prize in Physics.D.T

23、he Nobel Prize in Physics.【解答】(1)B.推理判断题.根据第二段第一句I wondered if it was a joke Strickland saidin an interview with a Nobel official after the call(我不知道这是否是个玩笑，Strickland第4页 共4 6页在接受一位诺贝尔奖官员的采访时说）由此可知，Donna接到电话后的第一反应是她对此表示怀疑.故选B.(2)A.段落大意题.根据第四段 Stricklands win is historic in more than oneway.Its been

24、over 55 years since a woman was awarded the Nobel Prizein Physics.In 1903,Marie Curie became the first-ever woman to win aNobel Prize in Physics.For the next 60 years,no women physicists wereawarded.Maria Goeppert Mayer became the second woman physicist to winthe Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963(斯特里克兰

25、的获奖不仅在一个方面具有历史意义.55年来一直没有女性获得诺贝尔物理学奖.直到1903年，居里夫人才成为第一位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性.在接下来的60年里，没有女性物理学家获奖.Maria GoeppertMayer在 1963年成为第二位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性物理学家)可知，第四段介绍了历史上获得了诺贝尔物理学奖的二位女性.故选A.(3)C.词义指代题.根据最后一段 Strickland herself was surprised to learn shewas the third woman to receive the honor in physics.Is that alb real

26、ly?I thought there might have been more.she said at a press conferenceTuesday.nWe need to celebrate women physicists,because we*re out there.Hopefully,in time,it will start to move forward at a faster rate.Strickland自己也惊讶地发现，她是第三位获得物理学奖的女性.真的就这些吗？她在周二的新闻发布会上说.我们要赞美女性物理学家，因为我们就在那里.由此推知，最后句中的it指代的就是前面

27、提到的授予女性物理学家诺贝尔物理学奖这件事.故选C.3.Heads up!Across the country,sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes.Now,the American Medical Association(AMA)has a new set of guidelines aimed at protectingplayers from the danger of concussions-serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.“By raising awa

28、reness of the serious risks associated with concussions and ensuring thatthe appropriate guidelines are in place,we can reduce the number of young athletes who mayreturn to the game too soon,which can put their health at further risk,said AMA BoardMember Jack Resneck JrM.D.in a statement.The policy

29、recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off thefield as soon as possible.Then,they are only to return to their sport with a doctors writtenapproval.The policy also sets age-specific rules for health care professionals and athletic第5页 共4 6页organizations in evaluating and car

30、ing for concussions.According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC),a concussion is atype of traumatic(仓 伤)brain injury caused by a bump,blow,or jolt to the head or hit tothe body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth.This type ofmovement can cause the brain t

31、o bounce around or twist inside the skull(颅骨).It candamage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain.The CDC says that between 1.6 million and 3.8 million traumatic brain injuries caused bysports and recreation-related activities occur in the U.S.every year.A study from theCenter tor Inju

32、ry Research and Policy showed that as many as 40%of high school athletesreturn to playing before they should.The AMAs new guidelines should help to bring thosenumbers down.(1)Why does the AMA set the new guidelines?BA.To raise safety standards of sports.B.To protect athletes from concussions.C.To se

33、t rules for health care evaluation.D.To help players return to the game quickly.(2)What should young athletes who may have a concussion do?CA.Avoid using the head.B.Leave the field forever.C.Get treatment in time.D.Switch to another sport.(3)What is paragraph 4 mainly about?AA.What a concussion is.B

34、.What causes damage to brain cells.C.How the CDC works.D.How a concussion can be prevented.(4)Which of the following is the best title for the text?BA.Rules for Safer PlayB.Sports Injuries in the US第6页 共4 6页C.Advice to AthletesD.New Policies for Doctors【解答】L B.细节理解题.根据第一段 Now,the American Medical As

35、sociation（AMA）has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions-serious injuries caused by a blow to the h ead.现在,美国医学协会（AMA）制定了一套新的指导方针，旨在保护运动员免受因头部撞击而造成的脑震荡严重伤害的危险.可知，AMA制定新的指导方针是为了保护运动员免受脑震荡.故选B.2.C.细节理解题.根据第三段 The policy recommends that young athletes who may

36、 have aconcussion be taken off the field as soon as possible.该政策建议，可能有脑震荡的年轻运动员应尽快被带出赛场.可知，有脑震荡的年轻运动员应该及时得到治疗.故选C.3.A.细节理解题.根据第四段 According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC）,a concussion is a type of traumatic（仓 U 伤）brain injury caused by a bump,blow,or jolt to the head or hit to

37、 the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back andf o r th.根据疾病预防控制中心（CDC）的说法，脑震荡是由头部撞击，撞击或颠簸或撞击身体而导致头部和大脑移动而引起的一种创伤性（受伤）脑损伤迅速来回.可知，第 4段主要讲述了脑震荡是什么.故选A.4.B.主旨大意题.阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了在全国范围内，运动伤害是年轻运动员的安全隐患.现在，美国医学协会（AMA）制定了一套新的指导方针，旨在保护运动员免受因头部撞击而造成的脑震荡严重伤害的危险.故选B.4.Some parents will

38、buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child,but researcherssaid puzzles help children with math-related skills.Psychologist Susan Levine,an expert on mathematics development in young children atthe University of Chicago,found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later

39、develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition（认知）after controlling for differences in parents*income,education and the amount of parenttalk,Levine said.The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everydayactivities at hom

40、e and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of agehave better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,on tasks第7页 共4 6页that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,“Levine s

41、aid in a statement.The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,and abouthalf of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time.Higher-income parentstended to have children play with puzzles more frequently,and both boys and girls who playedwith puzzles ha

42、d better spatial skills.However,boys tended to play with more complex puzzlesthan girls,and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active duringpuzzle play than the parents of girls.The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.(1)In which aspect do child

43、ren benefit from puzzle play?BA.B uilding confidence.B.Developing spatial skills.C.Learning self-control.D.Gaining high-tech knowledge.(2)What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment?CA.Parents age.B.Childrens imagination.C Parents education.D.Child-parent relationship.(3)Ho

44、w do boys differ from girls in puzzle play?DA.They play with puzzles more often.B.They tend to talk less during the game.C.They prefer to use more spatial language.D.They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.(4)What is the text mainly about?BA A mathematical method.B.A scientific study.C A woman

45、psychologist.D.A teaching program.【解答】(1)B.细节理解题.根据第二段的Psychologist Susan Levine,an expert on第8页 共4 6页mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago,found children whoplay with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial sk ills.芝加哥大学幼儿数学发展专家、心理学家苏珊莱文(Susan Levi

46、ne)发现，在 2 岁至4 岁之间玩拼图游戏的儿童后来会发展出更好的空间技能.可知，拼图游戏对儿童发展空间技能有益.故选B.(2)C.细节理解题.根据第二段的 Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor ofcognition(认 知)after controlling fbr differences in parents*income,education and theamount of parent talk,Levine sa id.莱文说，在控制了父母收入、教育程度和家长谈话量的差异后，拼图游戏被发现是认知能力的一个显著预测因

47、子.可知，莱文在设计她实验时考虑到了父母的教育.故选C.(3)D.细节理解题.根据第五段的 However,boys tended to play with more complexpuzzles than girls然而，男孩往往比女孩玩更复杂的拼图，可知，男孩和女孩的不同在于他们可能会玩更难的拼图.故选D.(4)B.主旨大意题.根据全文和第三段的 The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who

48、 play withpuzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 monthsof a g e.研究人员分析了 53对儿童家长在家中日常活动的视频记录，发现在26至 46个月大之间玩拼图游戏的儿童在54个月大时的空间技能更好.可知，文章是关于一个关于拼图对孩子益处的科学研究.A.A mathematical method数学方法；B.A scientific study科学研究；C.A woman psychologist女心理学家；D.A teaching prog

49、ram教学课程.故选 B.5.With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(子氐独)，morefamilies are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet,for Nick Bright at least,leads straight to his mother-in-law：she lives on the ground floor,while he lives upstairs with his wif

50、e and their twodaughters.Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol-one of agrowing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the sameroof.They share a front door and a washing machine,but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen,bathroom,bedroo