2023年大学英语四级考试长难句翻译练习.pdf
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1、大学英语四级考试长难句翻译练习英语句子最常用的方法是通过使用一些关联词,如 and、o r等,或标点符号如:分号,逗号,破折号等,若干个在语义上有联系或互相照应的单词、词组或子句连在一起组成一种并列或平行结构的长句,以表达一个复杂得多层次含义。这种句式虽然难度不一定很高,但在复杂长句中还是占了相称大的比例的.Classroom:1.Now,Shaw is exaggerating,but there is something in what he says,and the question isworth following up,for the sake of the light it th
2、rows on modern knowledge o要 点:本句是由并列连词but,and引导的并列复合句。在第三个分句中it throws onmodern knowledge是定语从句,修饰名词light,定语从句的引导词that被省略。“throw lighton sth.的意思是make sth.clear”。参考译文:当然萧伯纳是言过其实了,但他所说的也的确有些道理,这一问题值得进一步探讨,由于它会帮助人们看清现代知识的真实情况。2.It was mostly he who talked and he seemed afraid to stop for fear shed ask h
3、im to leaveher by herself.要 点:这是一个由and连接的并列复合句。And前面的句子是强调句,强调的成分是he。for fear(that)=in order that.should not happen 意为“生怕,以免“,to leave her by herself=toleave her alone o参考译文:大部分时间都是他在发言。他似乎胆怯停下来,生怕话一停,她就会请他离开。Exercise:1.If you are a man,you can point out that most poets and men of science are male;i
4、f you area woman,you can retort that so are most criminals.要 点:这是一个句型结构十分对称的并列复合句。“so are most criminals”是倒装结构,mostcriminals是主语,so是表语,代替male以避免反复。参考译文:假如你是男人,你会指出,大多数诗人和科学家都是男性的;假如你是妇女,你会辩驳说,大多数罪犯也都是男性的。2.Given the nature of government and private employers,it seems most likely thatdiscrimination by
5、 private employers would be greater.参考译文:根据政府和私人雇主的性质来看,私人雇主更有也许采用歧视。3.T h e r e l e as e o f t h e car b o n i n t h e s e co m p o u n d s f o r r e cy cl i n g d e p e n d s al m o s t e n t i r e l yo n t h e act i o n o f b o t h ae r o b i c an d an ae r o b i c b act e r i a an d ce r t ai n
6、t y p e s o f f u n g i.参考译文:这种化合物通过碳的释放来实现循环,重要依靠喜氧和厌氧细菌以及一些菌类的活动。4.A s p i r i t e d d i s c u s s i o n s p r i n g s u p b e t we e n a yo u n g g i r l wh o s a ys t h a t wo m e n h a v eo u t g r o wn t h e j u m p i n g-o n-a-c h a i r-a t-t h e-s i g h t-o f-a m o u s e e r a a n d a m a j
7、o r wh o s a yst h a t t h e y h a v e n t.参考译文:一场剧烈的争论在一个女孩和一位少校中展开了,前者说女人们已经不再“看到老鼠就从椅子上跳起来”了,而后者说她们仍然那样。5.T h e y a r e t r yi n g t o f i n d o u t wh e t h e r t h e r e i s s o m e t h i n g a b o u t t h e wa y we t e a c hl a n g u a g e t o c h i l d r e n wh i c h i n f a c t p r e v e n t
8、 s c h i l d r e n f r o m l e a r n i n g s o o n e r.参考译文:他们在尝试寻找是否我们专家孩子们语言的方法中有阻碍孩子们迅速学习语言的东西。6.M a t h e m a t i c i a n s wh o h a v e t r i e d t o u s e t h e c o m p u t e r s t o c o p y t h e wa y t h e b r a i nwo r k s h a v e f o u n d t h a t e v e n u s i n g t h e l a t e s t e l e
9、c t r o n i c e q u i p m e n t t h e y wo u l d h a v et o b u i l d a c o m p u t e r wh i c h we i g h e d o v e r 1 0,0 0 0 k i l o s.参考译文:使用计算机来拷贝大脑工作方式的数学家们发现即使使用最先进的电子设备,他们也要建造一台超过1 0,0 0 0公斤的计算机。7.S i n c e d i f f e r e n t p e o p l e l i k e t o d o s o m a n y d i f f e r e n t t h i n g
10、 s i n t h e i r s p a r e t i m e,we c o u l d m a k e a l o n g l i s t o f h o b b i e s,t a k i n g i n e v e r yt h i n g f r o m c o l l e c t i n g m a t c h b o xe sa n d r a i s i n g r a r e f i s h,t o l e a r n i n g a b o u t t h e s t a r s a n d m a k i n g m o d e l s h i p s.参考译文:既然
11、不同的人们在他们的业余时间做不同的事情,我们可以列出一长串爱好列表,涉及从收集火柴盒到养珍稀鱼类以及学习星学和制造航模等各种消遣。8.T h e y k n o w t h a t a s e a l s wi m m i n g u n d e r t h e i c e wi l l k e e p a b r e a t h i n g h o l e o p e nb y i t s wa r m b r e a t h,s o t h e y wi l l wa i t b e s i d e t h e h o l e a n d k i l l i t.参考译文:他们知道在冰面下
12、面游泳的海豹呼吸的热气会使冰面上出现洞口,于是他们就在洞旁守侯并捕杀海豹。9.W e m a y b e a b l e t o d e c i d e wh e t h e r s o m e o n e i s wh i t e o n l y b y s e e i n g i f t h e y h a v en o n e o f t h e f e a t u r e s t h a t wo u l d m a r k t h e m c l e a r l y a s a m e m b e r o f a n o t h e r r a c e.参考译文:只要一个人没有属于其
13、别人种的明显的特性,我们就可以判断他是否属于白色人种。1 0.A l t h o u g h s i g n s o f d i s h o n e s t y i n s c h o o l ,b u s i n e s s a n d g o v e r n m e n t s e e m m u c h m o r en u m e r o u s i n ye a r s t h a n i n t h e p a s t,c o u l d i t b e t h a t we a r e g e t t i n g b e t t e r a tr e v e a l i n g
14、s u c h d i s h o n e s t y?参考译文:尽管在学校,公司和政府中不诚实的欺诈行为近年来比以往都要多,大那也许是由于我们在这些方面加大了揭露的力度。1 1.I t i s n o t q ui t e a m a t t e r o f d i s a g re e i n g w i t h t h e t h e o ry o f i n d e p e n d e n c e,b uto f re j e c t i n g i t s i m p l i c a t i o n s:t h a t t h e ro m a n c e s m a y b e t
15、 a k e n i n a n y o r n o p a rt i c ul a ro rd e r,t h a t t h e y h a v e n o c um ul a t i v e e f f e c t,a n d t h a t t h e y a re a s s e p a ra t e a s t h ew o rk s o f a m o d e rn n o v e l i s t.参考译文:并不是与独立理论不一致,而是与其应用不相符合:爱情小说可以以任何一种形式展现或者主线没有特殊的规律,他们没有累积效果,就象现代小说家的作品同样独立。12.Even the d
16、octoral degree,long recognized as a required“union card,in the academic world,has come under severe criticism as the pursuit of learning for its own sake and the accumulation ofknowledge without immediate application to a professorJ s classroom duties.参考译文:即使是学术界被长时间认作必须“同盟卡”的博士学位,现在也由于仅仅为了学习自身和知识的累
17、积而学习,却不把知识应用到专家的教学职责中去而受到了严厉的批评。13.While a selection of necessary details is involved in both,the officer must remain neutral andclearly try to present a picture of the facts,while the artist usually begins with a preconceivedmessage or attitude which is then transmitted through the use of carefully
18、 selected details of actiondescribed in words intended to provoke associations and emotional reactions in the reader.参考译文:尽管收集必要的信息对于两者来说都是需要的,但官员必须以中立和清楚的态度来提供事实的画面,而艺术家从已设字的信息或者态度开始,并将其过用激发读者共鸣和情绪反映的词语描写的动用细节描述出来。14.Articles in the popular press even criticize the Gross National Production(GNP)bec
19、ause it isnot such a complete index of welfare,ignoring,on the one hand,that it was never intended to be,and suggesting,on the other,that with appropriate changes it could be converted into one.参考译文:流行期刊中甚至有文章批评国民生产总值,由于它并不是一个福利目录,一方面忽视了它历来就没有这种倾向,另一方面的建议是通过对的的改变它才干被转化过来。15.Other experiments reveale
20、d slight variations in the size,number,arrangement,andinterconnection of the nerve cells,but as far as psychoneuaral correlations were concerned,theobvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than anyof the minute differences.参考译文:其他的实验揭示神经细胞的大小、数量、排列和连接的细微
21、变化,但就神经关联而言,这些感觉区域的相似性比那些细微的区别更故意义可言。16.The Chinese have distributed publications to farmers and other rural residents instructingthem in what to watch for their animals so that every household can join in helping to predictearthquakes.参考译文:中国向农民和其它农村住户发放了宣传刊物,指导他们观测动物,以便每户人家都能参与帮助地震预报。17.Supporters
22、 of the Star Wars defense system hope that this would not only protect a nationagainst an actual nuclear attack,but would be enough of a threat to keep a nuclear war from everhappening.参考译文:星球大战防御系统的支持者们希望它不仅能保护一个遭受核袭击的国家,也希望它能成为使核袭击永不发生的足够威胁。18.Neither would it prevent cruise missiles or bombers,wh
23、ose flights are within the Earth satmosphere,from hitting their targets.参考译文:它也不能防止轨道在地球大气层以内的洲际导弹和轰炸机命中目的。19.Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks,Hispanics,and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack
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