2016年6月英语四级仔细阅读真题及答案解析.pdf

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1、20162016 年年 6 6 月英语四级仔细阅读月英语四级仔细阅读真题及答案解析真题及答案解析D D巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！The results do not mean that young adults need to startThe results do not mean that young adults need to startworrying about their memories.Most peoples minds

2、functionworrying about their memories.Most peoples minds functionat a high level even in their later years,according toat a high level even in their later years,according toresearcher Timothy Salthouse.researcher Timothy Salthouse.These patterns suggest that some types of mentalThese patterns sugges

3、t that some types of mentalflexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood,but thatflexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood,but thatthe amount of knowledge one has,and the effectiveness ofthe amount of knowledge one has,and the effectiveness ofintegrating it with ones abilitiesintegrati

4、ng it with ones abilities，may increase throughoutmay increase throughoutall of adulthood if there are no dispases,Salthouse said inall of adulthood if there are no dispases,Salthouse said ina news release.a news release.The study included healthy,educated adults who tookThe study included healthy,ed

5、ucated adults who tookstandard tests of memory,reasoning and perception at thestandard tests of memory,reasoning and perception at theoutset and at some point over the next seven years.outset and at some point over the next seven years.The tests are designed to detect subtle(The tests are designed t

6、o detect subtle(细微的细微的)changes)changesin mental function,and involve solving Puzzles,recallingin mental function,and involve solving Puzzles,recallingwords and details from stories,and identifying patterns inwords and details from stories,and identifying patterns incollections of letters and symbols

7、.collections of letters and symbols.In general,Salthouse and his colleagues found,certainIn general,Salthouse and his colleagues found,certainaspects of cognition(aspects of cognition(认知能力认知能力)generally started to decline)generally started to declinein the late 20s to 30s.in the late 20s to 30s.巨微英语

8、四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！The findings shed light on normal age-related changes inThe findings shed light on normal age-related changes inmentalmental function,function,whichwhich couldcould aidaid inin understandingunderstanding thethe processprocessof dementia(of dementia(痴呆痴呆),according to the re

9、searchers.),according to the researchers.ByBy followingfollowing individualsindividuals overover time,time,SalthouseSalthouse said,said,wewegain insight in cognition changes,and may possibly discovergain insight in cognition changes,and may possibly discoverways to slow the rate of decline.ways to s

10、low the rate of decline.The researchers are currently analyzing,the studyThe researchers are currently analyzing,the studyparticipantsparticipants healthhealth andand lifestylelifestyle toto seesee whichwhich factorsfactors mightmightinfluence age-related cognitive changes.influence age-related cogn

11、itive changes.47.47.【题干】【题干】What is the common view of mental function?What is the common view of mental function?【选项】【选项】A.It varies from person to person.A.It varies from person to person.C.It gradually expands with age.C.It gradually expands with age.B.It weakens in ones later years.B.It weakens

12、in ones later years.D.It indicates ones health condition.D.It indicates ones health condition.【答案】【答案】B B巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！【解析】【解析】DecliningDeclining mentalmental functionfunction isis oftenoften seenseen asas a a problemproblemofof oldold ageage，butbut certaincertain aspectsaspects ofof

13、 brainbrain functionfunction actuallyactually beginbegintheir decline in young adulthood,a new study suggests.their decline in young adulthood,a new study suggests.48.48.【题干】【题干】What does the new study find about mentalWhat does the new study find about mentalfunctions?functions?【选项】【选项】A.Some disea

14、ses inevitably lead to their decline.A.Some diseases inevitably lead to their decline.B.They reach a peak at the age of 20 for most people.B.They reach a peak at the age of 20 for most people.C.They are closely related to physical and mentalC.They are closely related to physical and mentalexercise.e

15、xercise.D.Some of them begin to decline when people are stillD.Some of them begin to decline when people are stillyoung.young.【答案】【答案】D D【解析】【解析】butbut certaincertain aspectsaspects ofof brainbrain functionfunction actuallyactually beginbegintheir decline in young adulthood,a new study suggests.thei

16、r decline in young adulthood,a new study suggests.49.49.【题干】【题干】WhatWhat doesdoes TimothyTimothy SalthouseSalthouse saysay aboutabout peoplespeoplesminds in most cases?minds in most cases?【选项】【选项】巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！A.They tend to decline in peoples later years.A.They tend to decline in pe

17、oples later years.B.Their flexibility determines ones abilities.B.Their flexibility determines ones abilities.C.They function quite well even in old age.C.They function quite well even in old age.D.Their functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.D.Their functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.【答

18、案】【答案】C C【解析】【解析】MostMost peoplespeoples mindsminds functionfunction atat a a highhigh levellevel evenevenin their later years,according to researcher Timothyin their later years,according to researcher TimothySalthouse.Salthouse.50.50.【题干】【题干】Although peoples minds may function lessAlthough peoples

19、 minds may function lessflexibly as they age,they_.flexibly as they age,they_.【选项】【选项】A.may be better at solving puzzlesA.may be better at solving puzzlesB.can memorize things with more easeB.can memorize things with more easeC.may have greater facility in abstract reasoningC.may have greater facili

20、ty in abstract reasoningD.can put what they have learnt into more effective useD.can put what they have learnt into more effective use【答案】【答案】D D巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！【解析】【解析】TheseThese patternspatterns suggestsuggest thatthat somesome typestypes ofof mentalmentalflexibility decrease relativ

21、ely early in adulthood,but thatflexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood,but thatthe amount of knowledge one has,and the effectiveness ofthe amount of knowledge one has,and the effectiveness ofintegrating it with ones abilitiesintegrating it with ones abilities，may increase throughoutmay in

22、crease throughoutall of adulthood if there are no dispases,Salthouse said inall of adulthood if there are no dispases,Salthouse said ina news release.a news release.51.51.【题干】【题干】According to Salthouse,their study may helpAccording to Salthouse,their study may helpus_.us_.【选项】【选项】A.find ways to slow

23、 down our mental declineA.find ways to slow down our mental decline6.find ways to boost our memories6.find ways to boost our memoriesC.understand the complex process of mental functioningC.understand the complex process of mental functioningD.understand the relation between physical and mentalD.unde

24、rstand the relation between physical and mentalhealthhealth【答案】【答案】A A【解析】【解析】Salthouse said,we gain insight in cognitionSalthouse said,we gain insight in cognitionchanges,and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate ofchanges,and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate ofdecline.decline.巨微英语

25、四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！Passage TwoPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The most important thing in the news last week was theThe most important thing in the news last week was therisingrising discussiondiscussion in

26、in NashvilleNashville aboutabout thethe educationaleducational needsneeds ofofchildren.children.TheThe shorthand(shorthand(简写简写)educators)educators useuse forfor thisthis isis pre-Kpre-Kmeaning instruction before kindergartenmeaning instruction before kindergartenand the big ideaand the big ideais t

27、o prepare 4-year-olds and even younger kids to be readyis to prepare 4-year-olds and even younger kids to be readyto succeed on their K-12 journey.to succeed on their K-12 journey.But it gets complicated.The concept has multiple forms,But it gets complicated.The concept has multiple forms,andand sch

28、olarsscholars andand policymakerspolicymakers argueargue aboutabout thethe shape,shape,scopescope andandcost of the ideal program.cost of the ideal program.TheThe federalfederal HeadHead StartStart program,program,launchedlaunched 5050 yearsyears ago,ago,hashasservedserved moremore thanthan 3030 mil

29、lionmillion children.children.ItIt waswas basedbased onon conceptsconceptsdevelopeddeveloped atat VanderbiltVanderbilt UniversitysUniversitys PeabodyPeabody CollegeCollege byby SusanSusanGray,the legendary pioneer in early childhood educationGray,the legendary pioneer in early childhood educationres

30、earch.research.A new Peabody study of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-KA new Peabody study of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kprogram reports that pre-K works,but the gains are notprogram reports that pre-K works,but the gains are notsustained through the third grade.It seems to me thissustained through th

31、e third grade.It seems to me thishighlights quality issues in elementary schools more thanhighlights quality issues in elementary schools more than巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！pre-K,and indicates longer-term success must connect pre-Kpre-K,and indicates longer-term success must connect pre-Kwith al

32、l the other issues,related to educating a child.with all the other issues,related to educating a child.Pre-K is controversial.Some critics say it is a luxuryPre-K is controversial.Some critics say it is a luxuryandand shouldntshouldnt bebe freefree toto familiesfamilies ableable toto pay.pay.Pre-KPr

33、e-K advocatesadvocatesinsist it is proven and will succeed if integrated with theinsist it is proven and will succeed if integrated with therest of the childs schooling.I lean toward the latter view.rest of the childs schooling.I lean toward the latter view.This is,in any case,the right conversation

34、 to be havingThis is,in any case,the right conversation to be havingnow as Mayor Megan Barry takes office.She was the firstnow as Mayor Megan Barry takes office.She was the firstcandidate to speak out for strong pre-K programming.Thecandidate to speak out for strong pre-K programming.Theimportant th

35、ing is for all ofimportant thing is for all ofus to keep inus to keep inmind themind the real goalreal goaland the longer,bigger picture.and the longer,bigger picture.The weight of the evidence is on the side of pre-K thatThe weight of the evidence is on the side of pre-K thatearly intervention(earl

36、y intervention(干预干预)works.What government has not yet)works.What government has not yetfoundfound isis thethe politicalpolitical willwill toto putput thatthat understandingunderstanding intointo fullfullpractice with a sequencepractice with a sequenceof smart schooling that provides theof smart scho

37、oling that provides theearly foundation.early foundation.ForFor thisthis purpose,purpose,ourour schoolsschools needneed bothboth thethe talenttalent andand thetheorganization to educate each child who arrives at theorganization to educate each child who arrives at theschoolhouse door.Some show up re

38、ady,but many do not at thisschoolhouse door.Some show up ready,but many do not at thiscritical time when young brains are developing rapidly.critical time when young brains are developing rapidly.巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！52.52.【题干】【题干】WhatWhat doesdoes thethe authorauthor saysay aboutabout pre-

39、kindergartenpre-kindergarteneducation?education?【选项】【选项】A.It should cater to the needs of individual children.A.It should cater to the needs of individual children.B.It is essential to a persons future academic success.B.It is essential to a persons future academic success.C.ScholarsC.Scholars andan

40、d policymakerspolicymakers havehave differentdifferent opinionsopinions aboutaboutit.it.D.Parents regard it as the first phase of childrensD.Parents regard it as the first phase of childrensdevelopment.development.【答案】【答案】C C【解析】第一段：【解析】第一段：But it gets complicated.The concept hasBut it gets complica

41、ted.The concept hasmultiplemultiple forms,forms,andand scholarsscholars andand policymakerspolicymakers argueargue aboutabout thetheshape,scope and cost of the ideal program.shape,scope and cost of the ideal program.53.53.【题干】【题干】What does the new Peabody study find?What does the new Peabody study f

42、ind?【选项】【选项】A.Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.A.Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.B.The third grade marks a new phase of learning.B.The third grade marks a new phase of learning.巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！C.The third grade is critical to childrens development.C.The third gra

43、de is critical to childrens development.D.Quality has not been the topD.Quality has not been the topconcernconcern of pre-K programs.of pre-K programs.【答案】【答案】A A【解析】【解析】A A newnew PeabodyPeabody studystudy ofof thethe TennesseeTennessee VoluntaryVoluntary Pre-KPre-Kprogram reports that pre-K works,

44、but the gains are notprogram reports that pre-K works,but the gains are notsustained through the third grade.sustained through the third grade.54.54.【题干】【题干】WhenWhen doesdoes thethe authorauthor thinkthink pre-Kpre-K worksworks thethe best?best?A.When it is accessible to kids of all families.A.When

45、it is accessible to kids of all families.B.When it is made part of kids education.B.When it is made part of kids education.C.When it is no longer considered a luxury.C.When it is no longer considered a luxury.D.When it is made fun and enjoyable to kids.D.When it is made fun and enjoyable to kids.【答案

46、】【答案】B B【解析】【解析】It seems to me this highlights quality issues inIt seems to me this highlights quality issues inelementaryelementary schoolsschools moremore thanthan pre-K,pre-K,andand indicatesindicates longer-termlonger-termsuccess must connect pre-K with all the other issues,relatedsuccess must c

47、onnect pre-K with all the other issues,relatedto educating a child.to educating a child.56.56.【题干】【题干】What do we learn about Mayor Megan Barry?What do we learn about Mayor Megan Barry?巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！【选项】【选项】A.She knows the real goal of education.A.She knows the real goal of education.

48、B.She is a mayor of insight and vision.B.She is a mayor of insight and vision.C.She has once run a pre-K program.C.She has once run a pre-K program.D.She is a firm supporter of pre-K.D.She is a firm supporter of pre-K.【答案】【答案】D D【解析】【解析】SheShe waswas thethe firstfirst candidatecandidate toto speaksp

49、eak outout forfor strongstrongpre-K programming.pre-K programming.5656【题干】【题干】WhatWhat doesdoes thethe authorauthor thinkthink isis criticalcritical toto kidskidseducation?education?【选项】【选项】A.Teaching method.A.Teaching method.B.Kids interest.B.Kids interest.C.Early intervention.C.Early intervention.

50、D.Parents involvement.D.Parents involvement.【答案】【答案】C C巨微英语四六级巨微英语四六级基础不好找巨微！基础不好找巨微！【解析】【解析】TheThe weightweight ofof thethe evidenceevidence isis onon thethe sideside ofof pre-Kpre-Kthat early intervention(that early intervention(干预干预)works.What government has not)works.What government has notyetye