2022年高中英语会考试题及答案.pdf

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1、2022年高中英语学业水平测试卷第二部分 阅 读（共两节，满分50分）第 一 节（共 15小题；每小题2.5分，满 分 37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe world is changing rapidly.Here are four cities that have changed greatlyover the past five years.Budapest,HungaryBack in the 1990s,Budapest was a mystery to many people outside Euro

2、pe andtourists wouldnt have dreamed of visiting it.Now,Budapest has a booming tourismindustry,and it has been called one of the most beautiful cities in Europe.The cheapaccommodation,the surprisingly delicious fine dining scene,and the wonderful viewsof the Danube River simply cant be beaten.Boise,I

3、dahoSuiprised to see this up and-coming city on this list?Actually,Boise is reallymaking a name for itself.This city is known for its growing cooking scene.But notonly that,it is also becoming a major ski destination.The mountains surrounding thiscity are unbelievable,and the ski resorts around Bois

4、e are one of the best kept secretsin America Its worth checking out!Medellin,ColombiaIn the past,you might have heard about how dangerous Colombia was-butthings are rapidly improving for this South American nation,and Colombian cities arechanging for the better.Medellin is a new popular travel desti

5、nation.This is the placeto dance all night and see a whole new side of Colombia.And the prices are still low!Hobart,TasmaniaHobart is the capital of the Australian state of Tasmania,and its also becoming amore popular city fbr tourists and new permanent residents alike.There are plenty ofhistoric bu

6、ildings still around,nice harbors where boats are docked,and lots of cutenew cafes,art galleries and shops popping up.The scenery there is truly beautiful,with wildlife unlike anywhere else.Travelers should make their way over!1.In which way has Budapest changed greatly over the past several years?A

7、.Its population has been increasing rapidly.B.Its tourism industry has been developing greatly.C.Its transport has become easier and more convenient.D.It has become a mystery to many people outside Europe.2.Which of the following cities is the best choice for a winter sports lover?A.Boise,Idaho.B.Bu

8、dapest,Hungary.C.Hobart,Tasmania.D.Medellin,Colombia.3.What makes Hobart a popular tourist destination?A.Its low and affordable prices.B.Its important and vital location.C.Its breathtaking natural scenery.D.Its surprisingly delicious fine diningscene.【答案】1-3 BAC【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个在过去五年里发生了巨大变化的城市。1.

9、细节理解题。根据第二段中“Now,Budapest has a booming tourism industry,and it has been called one of the most beautiful cities in Europe.（现在，布达佩斯拥有蓬勃发展的旅游业，被称为欧洲最美丽的城市之一）”可知，在过去的几年里，布达佩斯的旅游业得到了极大的发展。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第三段中But not only that,it is also becoming a majorski destination.（不仅如此，它还正在成为一 t主要的滑雪目的地）“可知，Boise是冬季

10、运动爱好者的最佳选择。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中The scenery there is truly beautiful,withwildlife unlike anywhere else.Travelers should make their way over!（那里的风景真的很美，野生动物与其他任何地方都不一样。游客们应该去看看！）”可知，美丽的自然风光让霍巴特成为一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。故选C。BThe pace of today9s working life blurs（使模糊）the line between personal timeand work time,and

11、it increasingly mixes personal lifestyle and work style.And ascompanies are trying hard to attract and keep young people for their technical skillsand enthusiasm for change,office culture is becoming an extension of youth culture.This may be no bad thing.For most of human history the middle-aged hav

12、e ruled,butin the future,they will have to share power with fresh-faced youths.There have been a number of reasons for this change and the most dramatic ofthese is technology.Children have always been more expert than their parents atsomething,but usually a game or a fashion,not the centurys most im

13、portant businesstool.The Internet has started the first industrial revolution in history to be led by theyoung.Though there have been youth revolutions before,none of them made a bigchange the way the Internet has.Throughout the 20th century,if a young personwanted to enter an American company they

14、needed to leave their youth behind.Theygot a haircut,and probably a suit or at least a tie.Now the same hair,same clothes,even nearly the same hours apply to office and home.If it had not been for the Internet,this change could not have happened.However,it did not happen because of the Internet only

15、;the corporate restructurings（公司重组）of the 1980s and 90s broke down traditional hierarchies（等级制度）.In manycompanies,seniority-based（基 于 资 历 的）hierarchies have been replaced byhierarchies based on performance.The abilities to please your superiors are no longerthe most valued skills.Todays employees st

16、ay with companies only as long as theyfeel challenged and rewarded;moving from job to job is now a sign of ambition.The rise of the young is a good thing because it gives them more opportunity toput their ideas and energy into practice at their most creative stage in life.Nowadaysyouth and youth qua

17、lities seem to dominate,but the experience and maturity of olderemployees should be put to good use,too.4.A company tries to attract young people for t hei r.A.office cultureB.modern lifestyleC.changing attitudeD.technical abilities5.In the 20th century,to enter an American company,a young person ne

18、eded toA.work in the office and at homeB.have an eye-catching hairstyleC.dress in the business styleD.leave the business tool behind6.Why is the rise of the young a good thing?A.They become more energetic in life.B.They have taken over the companies.C.Their creativity can be put to good use.D.Their

19、ideas appeal to a great many people.7.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Young people will lead in fashion.B.Young people will have more power.C.Older people will step off the historical stage.D.Older people will continue to be the main force【答案】4-7 DCCB【解析】本文是说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了年轻人的崛起是好事，因为他们

20、的创造力可以善加利用。4.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句And as companies are trying hard to attractand keep young people for their technical skills and enthusiasm for change”公司正努力吸引和留住年轻人，因为他们的技术技能和对变革的热情。可知，一家公司试图以技术能力来吸引年轻人。故选D 项。5.推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句They got a haircut,and probably asuit or at least a tie”他们理了发，可能还要穿西装或者至少一个领带，换

21、言之，他们要穿的比较正式。故选C 项。6.推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句rtThe rise of the young is a good thing,because it gives them more opportunity to put their ideas and energy into practice attheir most creative stage in life.”年轻人的增多是一件好事情，因为可以给他们更多机会在他们最有创造力的人生阶段把他们的想法和能量付诸实践。C 项意为“他们的创造力可以被付诸实践”，符合题意，故选C 项。7.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“b

22、ut in the future,they will have toshare power with fresh-faced youths”以及最后一段最后一句 aNowadays youth andyouth qualities seem to dominate,but the experience and maturity of older employeesshould be put to good use,too.”可知，将来中年人会逐渐分权给年轻人，现在年轻和年轻的品质是主导地位，但是年老员工的经验和成熟度可以被好好地利用。B 项意为“年轻人有更多的能量”，符合题意。故选B 项。CW

23、ith the worlds attention on vaccines,now it feels like a good moment to singthe praises of an often forgotten contributor to their development.Three hundredyears ago this month,Lady Mary Wortley Montagu got her daughter inoculated（接种）against smallpox,making her child the first person in the West to

24、be protected in thisway.Without Montagus willingness to adopt a practice she had learned from othercultures,the introduction of vaccines around 80 years later would never have takenplace.Montagu first witnessed inoculation when she accompanied her husband toTurkey.Inoculation had started in Asia,pro

25、bably in China,as early as the 10th centuryAD.Montagu observed how older women in Turkey took a tiny amount of pus（脓）from a person with smallpox.They then used needles to make cuts on peoples wristsand ankles and added the pus to their bloodstream.This helped people gain immunityfrom future infectio

26、n.Like other visitors to the country,Montagu took steps to ensure that her son wasinoculated.This worked well,but she knew that trying it in England would be farmore challenging.Inoculation performed by unlicensed amateurs would threatendoctors1 professional standing and potentially rob them of valu

27、able income.Somepeople also disagree with the practice,as they saw it as going against nature.Back in England,Montagu observed smallpox infections became increasinglysevere.Eventually,in April 1721,she decided to use the Turkish practice to have herdaughter inoculated,because she believed that the r

28、ewards would outweigh the risks.After a safe time had passed following the inoculation,Montagu allowed doctors toexamine her daughter.Doctors in Britain gradually accepted the practice.About 80 years later,apioneering physician found smallpox vaccines to destroy smallpox completely.Asearly as last c

29、entury,academics argued that Montagu was no more than anenthusiastic amateur.In truth,she made a vital scientific contribution towards findingthe cure for smallpox.8.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.The origin of smallpox inoculation.B.Turkish womens invention of inoculation.C.The benefit

30、s from smallpox inoculation.D.Montagus first access to inoculation.9.Why did Montagu know it was hard to try inoculation in England?A.Because it might harm doctors9 interests.B.Because deep down it was against nature.C.Because it was a foreign practice.D.Because it might cost valuable money.10.What

31、could have led doctors in Britain to accept inoculation?A.The severe situation in smallpox infections.B.The result of Montagus daughters inoculation.C.A physicians discovery of smallpox vaccines.D.Montagus focus on its rewards rather than its risks11.Which of the following can be used to describe Mo

32、ntagu?A.a fearless scientist.B.a brilliant inventor.C.a devoted explorer.D.an unsung hero.【答案】8-11 DABD【解析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述在疫苗接种上做出努力的一个被遗忘了的应该被歌颂的英雄Montagu的事迹。8.主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“Montagu first witnessed inoculation whenshe accompanied her husband to Turkey.”（Montagu 第一次目睹接种是在她陪丈夫去土耳其的时候。）可知，这一段主要讲述Montagu

33、第一次接触接种的事情。故选D。9.细节理解题。根据第三段“This worked well,but she knew that trying it inEngland would be far more challenging.Inoculation performed by unlicensedamateurs would threaten doctors*professional standing and potentially rob them ofvaluable income.（这起到很好的作用，但是她知道在英格兰尝试这个将会更难。由没有执照的业余人员接种将会威胁到医生的专业地位并且

34、可能抢了他们的高额收入。）可知，在英格兰实施接种很难，是因为这样会威胁到职业医生的利益。故选Ao10.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“After a safe time had passed following theinoculation,Montagu allowed doctors to examine her d au g h ter.（在接种后的安全期过去后，Montagu允许医生给她的女儿检查。）和最后一段Doctors in Britaingradually accepted the p rac tic e.（英国的医生渐渐地接受了这个做法。）可知，英国的医生接受了接种，是因为他们看

35、到了 Montagu女儿接种的好的结果。故选 B。11.推理判断题。根据第一段With the worlds attention on vaccines,now itfeels like a good moment to sing the praises of an often forgotten contributor to theirdevelopment.（随着世界对疫苗的关注，现在是一个很好的时刻来歌颂一个为了它们的发展而经常被遗忘的贡献者。）可知，作者认为Montagu是一个被遗忘了的应该被歌颂的英雄。故选D。DSince springing up in 2008,Chinese S

36、NS websites have been growing rapidly.While building complete platforms,SNS websites have been attracting a greatlyincreasing number of users as well as enormous advertisers9 attention.The birth of SNS websites brought us a new concept of socializing online usingones real identity.Furthermore,the po

37、pularity of SNS websites has made real-identity online interaction a daily routine for almost all the Internet users.Obviously,real-identity online communication has become a major competitiveadvantage of SNS websites.Many experts conclude that SNS websites have created anetwork of real socializing

38、and have solved peoples daily problems incommunication.Hence,solving real life issues and maintaining friendly interpersonalrelationship are the critical factors that ensure the survival and growth of SNSwebsites.Data report shows that has helped 63 users find a friend verysecond during the whole ye

39、ar of 2009 and created 1 billion friendships.In addition,celebrities,institutions and organizations have gradually becomemembers of SNS websites.Information sharing becomes more diverse,and theemergence of social games satisfies users need for interactive entertainment.By gaining users in 2009,the S

40、NS profit model has gradually grown clearer.According to the CNNIC annual report,80%of SNS income comes from Internetadvertisement,15%from VAS(Value-added service),and another 5%from othersources.As the real marketing value of SNS was discovered by more business,manysuccessful partnerships emerged.A

41、dvertising professionals believe that thefoundational properties of SNS include participation,interaction,self-expression andemotional communication.These properties are the basis of SNS marketing activities,and they will promote the birth of more marketing models.12.Hows the performance of the SNS

42、website since it appeared in China?A.Its competing hard with its overseas competitors.B.Users have found nothing Special about it.C.Its been well-received and growing rapidly.D.It hasnt been making profit yet.13.The most important change made by SNS websites to online communicationis that.A.Its the

43、quickest way for users to communicate.B.users need to use their real identity to communicate.C.Ifs regarded as the best way to make friends with strangers.D.it offers more diverse services such as virtual gifts and mini games.14.What are the key factors for the growth of SNS websites?A.Communication

44、 based on the real identity and maintenance of interpersonalrelationship.B.SNS websites have convenient user interface.C.Ifs both entertaining and helps people to make more friends.D.Its accessible through both computer and hand-held devices 35 SNS websitesmake money.15.SNS websites make mo n e y.A.

45、mainly by selling advertising positions.B.through a number of new ways.C.through cooperating with online stores.D.by charging users when theyregister on the website.【答案】12-15 CB A A【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍讲述了中国社交网站的兴起、发展和盈利模式。12.细节理解题。根据第一段Since springing up in 2008,Chinese SNSwebsites have been growing rap

46、idly.While building complete platforms,SNSwebsites have been attracting a greatly increasing number of users as well asenormous advertisers9 attention.（自2008年兴起以来，中国社交网站发展迅速。SNS网站在建设完善的平台的同时，吸引了越来越多的用户，也吸引了大量广告商的关注）”可知，中国社交网站发展迅速且广受欢迎。故选C。13.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Obviously,realidentity online communicationha

47、s become a major competitive advantage of SNS websites.（可见，实名制网络交流已经成为SNS网站的一大竞争优势）”可知，实名制线上交流是社交网站的一个主要竞争优势。故选B。14.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many experts conclude that SNS websiteshave created a network of real socializing and have solved peoples daily problems incommunication.Hence,solving real life issues and

48、 maintaining friendly interpersonalrelationship are the critical factors that ensure the survival and growth of SNSwebsites.（许多专家得出结论，社交网站创造了一个真正的社交网络，解决了人们日常交流中的问题。因此，解决现实生活中的问题，保持友好的人际关系，是确保 SNS网站生存和发展的关键因素）”可知，SNS网站增长的关键因素是基于真实身份和人际关系维护的沟通。故选A。15.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“According to the CNNIC annual repor

49、t,80%of SNS income comes from Internet advertisement,15%from VAS（Value-added service）,and another 5%from other sources.（据 CNNIC 年度报告显示，80%的SNS收入来自互联网广告，15%来自增值服务，另外5%来自其他来源）”可知，社交网站80%的收入来源于互联网广告。故选A。第 二 节（共 5 小题；每小题2.5分，满 分 12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Childrens Games in Ancient

50、ChinaUnlike the children nowadays,the children during ancient times didnt havesmartphones or computers to entertain th e m se lv e s.1 6.Lefs take a look.Kicking stone ballsDuring the Qing Dynasty,kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in thenorthern part of China,and it was often played in