初中英语人教版八年级下册期中复习资料（1-3单元）.doc

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1、八年级英语下册期中复习资料Unit 1 Whats the matter?【词性转换】15Section A1.lie (pt.)lay 2.she (反身代词) herself3.they(反身代词) themselves 4.passenger (pl.) passengersSection B5.knife (pl.) knives 6.breathe (n.) breath7.climber (V.) climb 8.death (v.) die9.decision (v.) decide 10.importance (adj.)important11.mean (pt.) meant

2、【短语归纳】1.have a toothache牙疼2.talk too much说得太多3.drink enough water喝足够的水4.have a cold受凉;感冒5.have a stomachache 胃疼6.have a sore back 背疼7.have a sore throat 喉咙痛8.lie down 躺下9.get an X-ray 拍X 光片10.take ones temperature量体温11.in the same way以同样的方式12.put some medicine on sth.在上面敷药13.shout for help大声呼救14.wit

3、hout thinking twice没有多想15.have a heart problem有心脏病16.to ones surprise使.惊讶的17.thanks to多亏了 ；由于18.in time及时19.save a life挽救生命20.get into trouble造成麻烦21.because of由于22.hurt oneself受伤23.put a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎24.feel sick感到恶心25.have a nosebleed流鼻血26.cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖27.have problems in breathing呼吸困难

4、28.be used to doing sth.习惯做某事29.run out (of)用完;用尽30.be in control of掌管;管理31.in a difficult situation在困境中32.keep on doing sth.继续或坚持做某事33.make a decision 做出决定34.take risks冒险35.give up放弃【句型集萃】1.need to do sth.需要去做某事2.see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事3.ask sb.sth. 询问某人某事4.expect sb.to do sth.期望某人做某事5.agree to

5、do sth.统一做某事6.help sb.to (do) sth.帮助某人做某事7.want to do sth.想要做某事8.tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事9.have problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难10.be/get used to do sth.习惯于做某事11.use sth.to do sth.用某物去做某事12.seem to do sth.好像做某事13.keep on doing sth.继续做某事14.mind doing sth.介意做某事【重点句子】1.Whats the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】m

6、atter n.问题；事情，常用于句型：Whats the matter(with sb.)中。用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦。Ex. Whats the matter with you? I have a bad cold.其他类似表达还有： What s the matter with sb.?= Whats the trouble with sb.?= What s wrong with sb.? matter和trouble 为名词，其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong是adj.不能加the2.Ihave a cold.我感冒了。I have a stomachac

7、he.我患胃痛。I have a sore back.我背痛。【解析1】have a cold.受凉;感冒have a/an + 疾病名词 “患病” (cold/fever/cough) have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back 患背痛 have a fever 发烧 have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒have a stomachache 患胃痛 have a toothache患牙痛have a headache 患头痛 have a backache患背痛3.She talkedtoo much yesterday and d

8、idnt drink enough water.她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。【解析1】too much/too many/much too短语含义用法例句too much太多后接不可数名词There is too much rain these days修饰动词，放在动词之后Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.too many太多后接可数名词复数There are too manythings for me to do every day.much too太修饰形容词或副词Its much too coldin winter.() 1.M

9、r.Smith eats _ food, so hes _ fat.A.much too; too much B.too many; much too C.too much; too much D.too much; much too【解析2】enough 的用法(1) adj.足够的，充分的 修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后Ex.enough time(2) adv.“足够地， 十分，相当”修饰adj./adv,放在adj./adv 后 Ex.expensive enough(3) be +adj.+enough to do sth. Ex.be strong enough to carry

10、 the box.(练习)1.The boy isnt old e_ to dress himself.4.You need to take break away from the computer.你需要远离电脑，休息休息。【解析】need 在此处作实义动词，意为“需要”，后可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动词不定式作宾语。need 作实义动词用法：(1) need sth.需要某物; Ex.I need your help.(2) 人做主语: sb.need to do sth.某人需要做某事 Ex.Do you need to drink more water?(3) 物做主语: sth

11、.need doing sth.= sth.need to be done Ex.My TV set needs repairing.1.I need to come (come) to the office quickly because some work need finishing (finish) at once.2.David needs _(have) a good rest.【拓展】need 作情态动词，意为“需要，必须”，无人称和数的变化，否定式为neednt, 后面一般接动作原形。Need I finish the work today?我需要今天完成这项工作吗？Yes,

12、you need./ No, you neednt.是的，你必须。/不，你不必。5.At 9:00 a.m.yesterday, bus No.26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driversaw an old man lying on the side of the road.昨天上午9:00 , 26路公共汽车正沿着中华路行驶，这时，司机看见一位老人躺在马路上。【解析】see （saw, seen） v.看见see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事 （看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生）see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做

13、某事 （强调动作正在发生）(练习) 1.Andy prefers _(read) books to _(watch) TV.(练习) 2.Seeing their teacher _(walk) into the classroom, they stopped _(talk) at once.6.Butto his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.但令他吃惊的是,所有的乘客都同意和他一起去医院。【解析1】surprise (1) v.使吃惊surprising adj.令人吃惊的 surprised adj.吃惊的surprise sb.使某人

14、吃惊 Ex.The bad news surprised me.be surprised at对感到吃惊be surprised to do sth.做某事而感到惊讶(2) n.惊讶 常见搭配有：to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地1.To my surprise(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.2.We aresurprised at the surprising news.(surprise) (练习) 1._ his surprise, she succeeded in climbing u

15、p the high mountain.(练习) 2.The fans were _(surprise) to know the death of their favorite singing star.【解析2】agree v. (反)disagree agreement n.同意(1) agree with sb.同意某人 Ex.I agree with you.(2) agree to do sth.同意做某事(练习)3. Do you agree with him? No, I _(agree) with him.(练习)4.I think English is more useful

16、 than Chinese.I dont agree _ you.They are both useful.7.As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。【解析】be used to (doing)习惯于（做）；适应于（做）【用法】(1) use v.使用useful adj.有用的 常用词组：use up 用完(2) use sth.to do sth.用某物做某事 Ex.We use Internetto find (find) information.(3) used to do sth.过去常

17、常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。Ex.I used to get up at six.(4) be /get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事Ex.My grandpa is usedto living (live) in country.(5) be used to do sth.被用来做某事=be used for doing sth.Ex.Stamps are usedto post (post) letters.【记】He used to wear glasses .But now he is used to wearing contact le

18、nses.他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。(练习)How does Jack usually go to work? He used to _(drive) a car, but now he is used to _(walk) there to lose weight.8.Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himselfso that he would not lose too much blood.然后， 他用左手给自己绑上绷带， 以至于不流太多的血。【解析】so that 以便，为了 引导目的状语从句, 从句常出现情态动词may/

19、might .can/ could等Ex.The boy spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him clearly.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句)(练习) The teacher speaks very loudly so _ all the students can hear her.9.His love for mountain climbing isso great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.他是如此的热爱爬山以至于经历这次事故之后

20、，他仍然继续爬山。【解析1】so that 如此.以至“so +adj.+ that” “如此以至” 引导结果状语从句, so后面接形容词、副词Ex.He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag.(练习)Some word puzzles in this book are _ difficult that few students can solve them.【解析2】 keep on (doing sth.) 继续或坚持做某事 ,但是中间有间断We must keep on working hard in the coming new

21、year.10.In this book, Aron tells of theimportance of making good decision, and of being in control of ones life.在这本书里，阿伦讲述了好好做出决定以及掌握自己命运的重要性。【解析1】 important adj.重要的（反）unimportant importance n 重要性My parents have taught methe importance (.的重要性)of working hard.【解析2】decide v.决定-decision n 决定(1)decide t

22、o do sth,= make up ones mind to do sth.决定做某事 (2)make a decision做决定(练习) 1.Tom decided _(study) English well.(练习) 2.The next morning Alice made a _(decide).She would tell her mother the truth.【经典例题】1.Peter enjoyed _ at his birthday party last night.2.Im afraid Ill fail in this exam.Come on, Philip.You

23、 must believe in _.3.Who teaches _English? No one.I teach _.4.How was your visit to the World Park in Beijing?Wonderful! We enjoyed _ very much.5.I dont care what my teachers think.Well, you _.Unit 2 I ll help to clean up the city parks.【词性转换】Section A1.volunteer (v.) volunteer2.notice (n.) notice3.

24、strong (adv.) stronglySection B1.repair (n.) reparation2.broken (v.) break3.disabled (v.) disable4.imagine (n.) imagination5.difficulty (adj.) difficult6.carry (pt.) carried7.training (v.) train8.kindness (adj.) kind9.understand (pt.)understood10.interest (adj) interesting【短语归纳】1.Clean-Up Day清洁日 2.a

25、n old peoples home 养老院3.help out with sth.帮助解决困难4.used to 曾经 ；过去5.care for关心;照顾6.the look of joy 快乐的表情7.at the age of在.岁时8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9.cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋 10.give out 分发;散发e up with 想出；提出 12.make a plan 制订计划13.make some notices做些公告牌 14.try out试用;试行15.work for 为工作/效力 16.put up 建造;举起;张贴17.han

26、d out分发;散发;发给 18.call up 打电话;召集19.put off 推迟;延迟20.for example 比如；例如21.raise money筹钱;募捐22.take after 与.相像;像23.give away 赠送;捐赠 24.fix up 修理;修补;解决25.be similar to 与相似26.set up 建立;设立27.disabled people残疾人 28.make a difference 影响;有作用29.be able to能够 30.after-school reading program课外阅读项目【句型集萃】1.need to do s

27、th.需要去做某事2.make plans to do sth.计划做某事3.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做某事4.used to do sth.过去常常做某事5.give up+时间+to do sth.放弃时间去做某事6.get a feeling of有感觉7.decide to do sth.决定做某事8.help sb.(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事9.make a difference to对产生影响10.make it possible for sb.to fo sth使得做某事对某人来说是可能的【重点句子】1.Youcould hel

28、p clean up the city parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。【解析1】help v.helpful (1).help sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事。 (2).help oneself ( to )自用（食物等）。(3).help sb.out 帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作。(4).with the help of 在帮助下。 (5).help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事。(6).cant help doing 情不自禁做.(练习) 1. Mary is so _(help). she comes to you whenever your

29、e in trouble.(练习) 2.The woman gave _ all of her money to charities to help the poor.【解析2】could 情态动词意为“可以”，表示建议。没有人称和数的变化，其后直接跟动词原形。Ex.We could put up signs.You could try your best to help the old people.【解析3】clean up 把打扫干净（v.+ adv.）Ex.clean up the table = clean the table up.(练习)3If everyone pours le

30、ss polluted water into Dianchi Lake, it will be _.A.deeper and deeper B.cleaner and cleaner C.dirtier and dirtier D.wider and wider2.The girl could visit thesick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。【解析1】sick /ill ：(1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。be sick of “讨厌；

31、厌恶”sick person = patient“病人”(2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语，be ill in hospital 生病住院ill illness n.“病；疾病”Ex. You look very tired.You must be sick.(= ill) He had a sick mother.他有一位生病的母亲1.I think her illness (ill) is very serious.我认为她的病是很严重。(练习) 2.The s_ girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterd

32、ay.【解析2】cheer up 使振奋，使高兴的（v.+adv）cheer sb.up =make sb.happy使某人高兴 Ex.cheer me up 使我高兴(练习) 1.You could visit sick children in the hospital and cheer them_.3.The boy couldgive out food at the food bank.男孩可以在食物站分发食物。【解析】give out =hand out分发(v.+adv) Ex.give/hand out bananas. give out sth.to sb.分.给某人【短语】与

33、give相关的短语：give in屈服 give back=return归还give a speech发表give sb.a call给打电话give away赠送give sb.a hand =help sb.帮助某人give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事give up smoking放弃吸烟give sb.sth.= give sth.to sb.给某人某物give me money给我钱=give money to me 给我线(练习)1.You shouldnt _your hope.Everything will better.A.give u

34、p B.fix upC.cheer up D.put up(练习)2.We have raised some books.Well _to the poor children.A.put them up B.give they away C.give them away D.put out them4.Yeah, a lot of old people arelonely.是的，很多老年人都很孤独。【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：(1)alone= by oneself adj.单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。He often walks alone to home.(

35、2)lonely指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；也可指某个地方是荒凉的(练习) 1.The old man lives _，but he never feels _.A.alone; lonely B.lonely; alone C.alone; alone D.lonely; lonely(练习) 2.My little sister is afraid to stay at home alone.(同义词)A.quietly B.lonely C.all the time D.by herself(练习)3.His grandparents live _ in a small house

36、, but they dont feel _.A.lonely; alone B.alone; lonely C.lonely; lonely D.alone; alone(练习)4.My old neighbor Charles felt _ after his children moved out.A.lonely B.safely C.angrily D.happily5.We should listen to them andcare for them. 我们应该倾听他们说话并且关心他们。【解析】care for 照看；照顾； 照料(练习) 1.Many students in our

37、 school care _ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses.【拓展】care的短语总结take care =be careful 当心，小心 take care of =look after v.照顾，照料，照看(练习) 2.Thanks for your invitation, but Im so sorry I cant go.I need to take care _ my baby at home.6.Hevolunteers at an animal hospital every Saturda

38、y morning.他每周六早上在动物医院做志愿者。【解析】volunteer v.志愿 n.志愿者 volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事(练习) Jack volunteered _(carry) the water.7.But I want to learn more abouthow to care for animals.但是我想学习更多的关于如何照顾动物的知识。【解析】“疑问词+不定式”作及物动词的宾语，【记】：I dont know what to do.I dont know how to do it.I don t know what to do with it.

39、【拓展】 “特殊疑问词 + 不定式”的转换。转换时只需在疑问词后加主语（与主句主语一致），并将不定式改成“should +v原形”做谓语。I dont know how to solve the problem.= I dont know how I should solve the problem.(练习) 1.I dont know what _(bring) to the party.(练习) 2.He wanted to know when _(go).8.I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animal

40、s get better and the look of joy on their owners faces.当我看到动物们变得更好，并且它们的主人的脸上呈现喜悦之情时，我有一种如此强烈的满足感。9.Last year, she decided totry out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。【解析】try v.试图，设法，努力 try out 尝试；实验【拓展】(1)try on 试穿(2) try to do sth.努力做某事 （侧重尽力做） (3) try doing sth

41、.试图做某事 （侧重尝试做）(4)try ones best to do sth.= do ones best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事(练习) 1.We should _(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.10.Volunteering here isa dream come true for me.对于我来说，在这里做志愿工作使我梦想成真。 (练习) 2.If we Chinese work hard together.China Dream will come _.【拓展】与come相关的短语: come and go来来回回come fro

42、m来自 come back回来 come out出来 come on加油 come in进来 come back回来come over顺便来访 come true实现 come up with想出(练习) 1.Scientists are trying their best to _ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.A.come up with B.look forward to C.talk about D.give up(练习) 2.The great writer has written many stories for ch

43、ildren.It is said that a new one will _ at the end of this month.A.go out B.come out C.look out D.run out11.However, few people think about what they can do to help others.然而，很少有人会考虑他们能做些什么来帮助他人。【解析】few 几乎没有词条含义修饰的名词的数例句few几乎没有（表否定含义）可数名词复数They know few of usa few一些（表肯定含义）He made a few mistakeslittl

44、e几乎没有（表否定含义）不可数名词I spend very little on fooda little一些（表肯定含义）I know a little about the story【注】 a few/ few (1) a few, few用来修饰可数名词。(2) a few “有一些”，表示肯定概念; few 几乎没有，表示否定意义。Ex.The man has been here for many years, so he has a few friends.这个人在这里住了很多年了,他有一些朋友。I am a new comer here, so I have few friends here.我刚来到这里，所以我在这里没有几个朋友。【注】a little/ little(1) a lit