材料专业英语常见词汇.docx

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1、材料专业英语常见词汇（一）StructureStructurestrstr ktkt 组织组织CeramicCeramicsirsirmikmik陶瓷陶瓷DuctilityDuctilitydktilti塑性塑性StiffnessStiffnessstifnisstifnis刚度刚度GrainGrainrein晶粒晶粒PhasePhasefeizfeiz相相UnitUnit cellcell单胞单胞BravaisBravais latticelattice 布拉菲布拉菲ltis布拉菲点阵布拉菲点阵StackStackststkk堆垛堆垛CrystalCrystalkristl晶体晶体Metal

2、licMetallic crystalcrystal structurestructure mitmitlik,lik,me-me-金属性晶体点阵金属性晶体点阵Non-directionalNon-directional,n,n ndirekndirekn n l,l,-dai-dai-无方向性无方向性Face-centeredFace-centered cubiccubickju:bikkju:bik面心立方面心立方Body-centeredBody-centered cubiccubic体心立方体心立方HexagonalHexagonal close-packedclose-packedh

3、eksheksn n lkllkl uspuspktkt密排六方密排六方CopperCopperkp铜铜AluminumAluminum lju:minlju:min mm铝铝ChromiumChromiumkrkr umjumj mm铬铬TungstenTungstentstn钨钨CrystallographicCrystallographic PlanePlane,krist,krist l l uu r rfikfikplein晶面晶面CrystallographicCrystallographic directiondirection晶向晶向PropertyProperty prpti

4、性质性质MillerMiller indicesindicesindisi:zindisi:z米勒指数米勒指数LatticeLattice parametersparametersltisprmit点阵参数点阵参数TetragonalTetragonaltetrnl四方的四方的HexagonalHexagonalheksnl六方的六方的OrthorhombicOrthorhombic,:rmbik正交的正交的RhombohedraRhombohedra,rmbuhi:dr菱方的菱方的MonoclinicMonoclinic,m,m n n uklinikuklinik单斜的单斜的PrismPr

5、ismprizmprizm棱镜棱镜CadmiumCadmiumkdmim镉镉CoordinateCoordinate systemsystemku:dinit,ku:dineit坐标系坐标系PointPoint defectdefectdi:fekt,dif-,difekt点缺陷点缺陷LatticeLatticelltistis点阵点阵VacancyVacancyveikveik nsinsi空位空位SolidificationSolidification,slidifikein结晶结晶InterstitialInterstitial,intstil间隙间隙SubstitutionSubsti

6、tution,s,s bstitju:bstitju:nn置换置换SolidSolid solutionsolution strengtheningstrengtheningslju:n stren,strekn固溶强化固溶强化DiffusionDiffusiondifju:difju:nn扩散扩散HomogeneousHomogeneous,hmdi:nis,hu-均匀的均匀的DiffusionDiffusion MechanismsMechanismsdifju:difju:nn mekmek nizniz mm扩散机制扩散机制LatticeLattice distortiondistor

7、tiondist:n点阵畸变点阵畸变Self-diffusionSelf-diffusionselfdi,fju:n自扩散自扩散FickFicks s FirstFirst LawLaw菲克第一定律菲克第一定律UnitUnit timetime单位时间单位时间CoefficientCoefficient,k,k uifiuifintnt系数系数ConcentrationConcentration gradientgradient,k,k nsns ntreintreinn reidireidi ntnt浓度浓度梯度梯度DislocationDislocation,disl,disl ukeiu

8、keinn位错位错LinearLinear defectdefectlinidi:fekt,dif-,difekt线缺陷线缺陷ScrewScrew dislocationdislocationskru:skru:螺型位错螺型位错EdgeEdge dislocationdislocationeded 刃型位错刃型位错VectorVectorvekt矢量矢量LoopLooplu:p环路环路BurgersBurgersvectorvectorb:s柏氏矢量柏氏矢量PerpendicularPerpendicular,p:pndikjul垂直于垂直于SurfaceSurface defectdefec

9、t面缺陷面缺陷GrainGrain boundaryboundaryreinbaundri晶界晶界TwinTwin boundaryboundarytwintwin晶界晶界ShearShear forceforcei剪应力剪应力DeformationDeformation,di:f,di:f:mei:meinn变形变形SmallSmall(oror low)low)angleangle graingrain boundaryboundaryl小角度晶界小角度晶界TiltTilt boundaryboundarytilttilt倾斜晶界倾斜晶界SupercooledSupercooled,sju

10、:pku:ld过冷的过冷的SolidificationSolidification,s,s lidifikeilidifikeinn凝固凝固OrderingOrdering processprocess有序化过程有序化过程材料专业英语常见词汇（二）CrystallinityCrystallinity,kristlinti结晶度结晶度MicrostructureMicrostructuremaikru,strkt纤维组织纤维组织TermTerm术语术语PhasePhase DiagramDiagramfeizfeizdairm相图相图EquilibriumEquilibrium,i:kwilib

11、rim平衡平衡MeltMelt熔化熔化CastCast浇注浇注CrystallizationCrystallization,kristlaizein结晶结晶BinaryBinary IsomorphousIsomorphous SystemsSystemsbainri,ais,ais umum:f:f ss二元匀晶相二元匀晶相图图SolubleSolublesljubl溶解溶解PhasePhase PresentPresent存在相存在相LocateLocate确定确定TieTie lineline连接线连接线IsothermIsothermaisu:m等温线等温线ConcentrationC

12、oncentration浓度浓度IntersectionIntersection交点交点TheThe LeverLever LawLaw杠杆定律杠杆定律BinaryBinary EutecticEutectic SystemSystembainriju:tektik二元共晶相图二元共晶相图SolvusSolvus LineLiness lvlv ss溶解线溶解线InvariantInvariantinvrint恒定恒定IsothermIsothermaisu:m恒温线恒温线CastCast IronIron铸铁铸铁FerriteFerriteferaitferait珠光体珠光体Polymorp

13、hicPolymorphic transformationtransformation,plim:fik,trnsfmein多晶体转多晶体转变变AusteniteAustenitestinait奥氏体奥氏体RevertRevertriv:t,ri:v:t回复回复IntermediateIntermediate compoundcompound,intmi:djtkmpaund中间化中间化合物合物CementiteCementitesimentait渗碳体渗碳体VerticalVerticalv:tikl垂线垂线NonmagneticNonmagnetic,n,n nmnmnetiknetik无

14、磁性的无磁性的SolubilitySolubility,sljubilti溶解度溶解度BrittleBrittlebritlbritl易脆的易脆的EutecticEutecticju:tektik共晶共晶EutectoidEutectoid invariantinvariant pointpointju:tektidinvinvri ri ntnt共析点共析点PhasePhase transformationtransformation相变相变AllotropicAllotropic,l l utrutr pik,-kpik,-k l l同素异形体同素异形体RecrystallizationR

15、ecrystallizationri:,kristlaizein再结晶再结晶MetastableMetastable,metsteibl亚稳的亚稳的MartensiticMartensitic transformationtransformation,m,m:tinzitik:tinzitik马氏体转变马氏体转变LamellaeLamellae?薄片薄片SimultaneouslySimultaneouslysaimlteinisli同时存在同时存在PearlitePearlitep:lait珠光体珠光体DuctileDuctiledktail,-til可塑的可塑的MechanicallyMe

16、chanicallymiknikli机械性能机械性能HypoHypo eutectoideutectoidhaipuju:tektid过共析的过共析的ParticleParticlep:tikl颗粒颗粒MatrixMatrixmeitriks基体基体,矩阵矩阵ProeutectoidProeutectoid？先共析先共析HypereutectoidHypereutectoid,haipjutektid亚共析的亚共析的BainiteBainitebeinait贝氏体贝氏体MartensiteMartensitem:tnzait马氏体马氏体LinearityLinearity,lini,linir

17、 r titi线性的线性的Stress-strainStress-strain curvecurvek:v应力应力-应变曲线应变曲线ProportionalProportional limitlimitprpr upup:n n l l比例极限比例极限TensileTensile strengthstrengthtensail,-sl抗拉强度抗拉强度DuctilityDuctilitydktilti延展性延展性PercentPercent reductionreduction inin areaarea断面收缩率断面收缩率HardnessHardness硬度硬度ModulusModulus o

18、fof ElasticityElasticitymdjuls,elstisti弹性模量弹性模量ToleranceTolerancetlrns公差公差RubRub摩擦摩擦WearWear磨损磨损CorrosionCorrosion resistanceresistancett l l r r nsnsrizistns抗腐蚀性抗腐蚀性AluminumAluminumlju:minm铝铝ZincZinczik锌锌IronIron oreoreain :铁矿铁矿材料专业英语常见词汇（三）BlastBlast furnacefurnacebaiu,blstff:nis:nis高炉高炉CokeCokeku

19、k焦炭焦炭LimestoneLimestonelaimstun石灰石石灰石SlagSlagsl熔渣熔渣PigPig ironiron生铁生铁LadleLadleleidlleidl钢水包钢水包SiliconSiliconsilikn,-kn硅硅SulphurSulphurslf硫硫WroughtWroughtr:t可锻的可锻的GraphiteGraphiterfait石墨石墨FlakyFlakyfleikifleiki片状片状Low-carbonLow-carbon steelssteels低碳钢低碳钢CaseCase hardeninghardening表面硬化表面硬化Medium-carb

20、onMedium-carbon steelssteels中碳钢中碳钢ElectrodeElectrodeilektrud电极电极AsAs a a rulerule通常通常PreheatingPreheatingpri:hi:tipri:hi:ti 预热预热QuenchQuenchkwent淬火淬火Body-centeredBody-centered latticelattice体心晶格体心晶格CarbideCarbidek:baid碳化物碳化物HypereutectoidHypereutectoid,haip,haip jutektjutekt idid过共晶过共晶ChromiumChromi

21、umkrumjm铬铬ManganeseManganesemm,ni:s,ni:s,m,mni:zni:z锰锰MolybdenumMolybdenummlibdinm钼钼TitaniumTitaniumtaiteinitaiteini m,m,ti-ti-钛钛CobaltCobaltkk ubub:lt:lt钴钴TungstenTungstenttstst nn钨钨VanadiumVanadiumvneidim钒钒PearliticPearlitic microstructuremicrostructurep:litik珠光体组织珠光体组织MartensiticMartensitic micro

22、structuremicrostructure,m:tinzitik马氏体组织马氏体组织ViscosityViscosityvisksti粘性粘性WroughtWroughtr r:t:t锻造的锻造的MagnesiumMagnesiummni:zim,-i-镁镁FlakeFlakefleik片状片状MalleableMalleablemlibl可锻的可锻的NodularNodularnn djuldjul,-d-d-球状球状SpheroidalSpheroidalsfiridl球状球状SuperiorSuperior propertypropertysju:pirisju:piri,sju:p

23、sju:p-prpti优越性优越性GalvanizationGalvanization,lvlv naizeinaizein,n,-niz-niz-镀锌镀锌VersatileVersatilevv:s:s tailtail通用的通用的BatteryBattery gridgrid电极板电极板CalciumCalciumkklsilsi mm钙钙TinTintintin锡锡ToxicityToxicitytksisti毒性毒性RefractoryRefractoryrifrktri耐火的耐火的PlatinumPlatinumpltinm铂铂PolymerPolymerplim聚合物聚合物Comp

24、ositeCompositekk mpmp zitzit混合物混合物ErosiveErosiveirusiv腐蚀性腐蚀性InertInertinin:t:t惰性惰性ThermoThermo chemicallychemically:mu kemikkemik lili热化学热化学GeneratorGeneratordenreit发电机发电机FlawFlawflfl:缺陷缺陷VariabilityVariability,vribilti易变的易变的AnnealingAnnealing？退火退火TemperingTemperingtempri回火回火TextureTexturetekst织构织构K

25、ineticKinetickinetik,kinetik,kai-kai-动力学动力学PeculiarityPeculiaritypi,kju:lipi,kju:liritiriti特性特性CriticalCritical pointpoint临界点临界点DispersityDispersity?弥散程度弥散程度SpontaneousSpontaneousspsp nteininteini ss自发的自发的InherentInherent graingraininhiinhi r r ntnt rein本质晶粒本质晶粒ToughnessToughnesstfnis韧性韧性RuptureRupt

26、urerpt断裂断裂KineticKinetic curvecurve ofof transformationtransformation转变动力学曲线转变动力学曲线IncubationIncubation periodperiod,inkjubei,inkjubeinn孕育期孕育期SorbiteSorbites:bait索氏体索氏体TroostiteTroostitetru:stait屈氏体屈氏体DisperseDispersedispdisp:s:s弥散的弥散的GranularGranular r rnjulnjul 颗粒状颗粒状MetallurgicalMetallurgical,mel

27、,mel l l:d:d ik,-kik,-k l l冶金学的冶金学的PrecipitationPrecipitationpri,sipiteipri,sipiteinn析出析出DepletionDepletiondipli:dipli:nn减少减少Quasi-eutectoidQuasi-eutectoid kweizaiju:tektju:tekt idid伪共析伪共析SuperpositionSuperposition,sju:p,sju:p p p zizinn重叠重叠SupersedeSupersede,sju:psi:d代替代替DilatometricDilatometric,dil,dil t t umetrikumetrik膨胀膨胀UnstableUnstable,nsteibl不稳定不稳定SupersaturateSupersaturate,sju:pstreit使过饱和使过饱和TetragonalityTetragonality?正方度正方度ShearShear i i 切变切变DisplacementDisplacementdispleisdispleis