高考英语语法复习专题 02代词+（重点知识归纳+考点聚焦+仿真演练）参考模板范本.doc

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1、高考英语语法复习专题 02代词+（重点知识归纳+考点聚焦+仿真演练）分类来源:学科网ZXXK来源:Zxxk.Com单数来源:学科网复数来源:Zxxk.Com第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格Iyouhe she itweyouthey宾格meyouhim her itusYouthem物主代词形容词性myyourhis her itsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshis hers itsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimself herself itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselve

2、s指示代词this that suchthese those such相互代词宾格each other one another所有格each others one anothers不定代词可数one each, many, (a) few ,both, another, either., neither不可数much, (a) little可数不可数any other all some复合不定代词anyone anybody anything somebody something someone everyone everything everybody nobody nothing疑问代词w

3、ho whom whose which what连接代词who whom whose which what（参见名词性从句）关系代词who whom whose which that（参见定语从句）不定代词区 别one, some，any和itone可以泛指人或者事（东西），其复数为ones。Weve been looking at the houses but havent found _ we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them Cars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serio

4、us_ than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。Your coffee smells great! Its from MexicoWould you like _?A. it B. some C. this D.1ittlesome 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.Whi

5、ch of the three ways shall I take to the village? _way as you please.A. Each B. Every C. Any D. Eitherone指同类中的一个，it指代同一种类的东西。记住下列三点区别：it =the /this/ my+单数名词；one =a/an+单数名词There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ? No, Id rather buy in the bookstore. A. it; one B. one;

6、 one C. one; it D. it; itit代替特定的单数名词；one代替不特定的单数名词This film is an interesting one and I like to see it.one之前加上定冠词the可以表示特指，one前如有形容词修饰,之前还可以加上不定冠词,但是it之前既不能加冠词也不能加形容词修饰。Of all the dresses, this is the one I like best.some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。Theres _cooking oil in the house. Would you go to the corn

7、er store and get _. A.1ittle,some B.1ittle,any C. a little, some D. a little, anyWe had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _.A. none B. either C. any D. eachHe doesnt have _ furniture in his room -just an old desk.A. any B. many C. some D. mucheach和everyeach强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个

8、以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。Each student has a pocket dictionary.Each （of us） has a dictionary.= We each have a dictionary.Every student has strong and weak points. Every one of us has strong and weak points.all和bothboth指两个人或物，而all指三个以上的人或物。 在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语等。 Which of the two books will you t

9、ake? Ill take _and I think _of them is very important to me.A. either; neither B. neither; both C. both; either D. either; bothWhich of those electronic dictionaries do you like most? _.They are both cheap and of great importance.A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All注意：both, all, each, every以及由every构成的不

10、定代词出现在否定句中，不管否定词在前还是在后，都是部分否定：All of them dont like music=Not all of them like music.他们并不都喜欢音乐。要表示完全否定，需要借助neither, none ,no one ,nothing, nobody等。Neither of them doesnt like music.他们俩都不喜欢音乐。None of them dont like the music.他们都不喜欢音乐。none和nono等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可。Ther

11、e is no water in the bottle.How much water is there in the bottle? None.None of the students are （is） afraid of difficulties.other和anotherother泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用：the other day, everyother week, some other reason, no other way等。 the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。Both sides have accused of breaking the

12、 contract.A. another B. the other C. neither D. eachTwo students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”。We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun，so lets have _ one this month A. the other B. some C. another D. otherThe trousers are

13、 too long, please give me another pair/some others.Some like football, while others like basketball.either和neither前者意思为：两者中任何一方都；后者意思为：两者都不。Do you want tea or coffee?_,I really dont mind. A. none B. neither C. either D. allIt was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents s

14、poke the language.A. none B. neither C. both D. eachevery-,some-,any-,no-与thing,-one,-body构成的复合不定代词这类不定代词有everything（一切事，最重要的事），everyone =everybody （每个人，所有人），something（某事，重要的人或事物），someone =somebody（某/有人，重要的人），anything（什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物），anyone =anybody（任何人，无论谁，重要的人），nothing（没有东西，什么也没有，不重要的人或事），no one

15、=nobody（没有人，不重要的人）等。它们还与别有词构成很多习语，如for nothing（徒劳，免费），nothing but（仅仅，只不过）等等。代词用 法反身代词反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语；Im teaching myself English.我正在自学英语（宾语）The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。（主语的同位语）反身代词和某些动词连用，构成固定短语。by oneself= alone 独自 for oneself独立、为自己 enjoy oneself玩得愉快seat oneself坐下 come to o

16、neself苏醒help oneself to 自行取用、不用客气 make oneself at home 不要客气 指示代词的重点用法为了避免重复，常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词；The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.this在电话用语中作自我介绍，that询问对方；this和that可以当副词用，意思相当于副词so。this/that much=so muchit的重点it作形式主语或宾语：it作形式主

17、语或宾语时, 真正的主语或宾语可以是动词不定式，动名词或由that引导的主语或宾语从句，把真正的主语或宾语移到句后。It is a good habit to do morning exercise.It is no use learning without thinking.It is pity that you didnt see such a good film. I consider it wrong that you stand too close to an Englishman. They want to make it clear that they are doing an

18、important and necessary job.it用于强调句型: It+is / was+被强调的部分+ that / who +其他。It is Professor Wang that/who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.特殊用法Take it easy.别着急。Youll catch it.你可得小心点。Lets make it（at）8:30.我们把时间定在8：30吧。He cant make it today.他今天不行（不成或做不到）。Got it.明白了。see to it that（务必）take it for g

19、ranted that（想当然）hate it/like it/appreciate it+从句 If you cant decide which of the two books to borrow, why dont you take _? I wont read them this week. A. all B. any C. either D. both【解析】答案为D。由前后语境来看，应是建议对方将两本书都拿去看。You may drop in or just give me a call. _ will do. A. Either B. Each C. Neither D. All

20、【解析】答案为A。由前句可知是指两者中的“任何一个”，用either。Of all the books on the desk,_ is of any use for our study. A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none 【解析】答案为D。由all可知，是指三者或三者以上，排除C选项。nothing(没一样东西)与这里谈到的“书”毫无联系，排除A； no one =nobody(没有一个人)只能指人，也不符合题意；指多者中“一个也没有，没有一个”用none。句中of any use=useful，在句中作表语。句意：在桌上的所有这些书中，没有一本

21、书对我们的学习是有用的。It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents spoke the language. A. none B. neither C. both D. each【解析】答案为B。neither 表示“两者都不”，句意：在父母都不懂英语的家庭里学习英语，对于他来讲是很困难的。The mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to _ who can capture the tiger alive or dead. A. both B. oth

22、ers C. anyone D. another【解析】答案为C。根据句意“谁能捕获那只老虎，无论死活，市长将给赏金5000美元”应选C项。其它三个选项均与题意不符。 Theres _ cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get _? A. little; some B. little; any C. a little; some D. a little; any 【解析】答案为A。因为在Would you? 等表示请求、劝请或建议之类的问句中，一般用some；又由后文“买些油”可知，家里“没有

23、油”了，所以用little。句意：家里没有油了，请你到附近的店子里买些回来好吗？ Would you like _, sir? No, thanks. I have had much. A. some more orangesB. any more orangesC. some more orangeD. any more orange 【解析】答案为A。由答语中的much可知，对话中的orange是指“桔子汁”而非“桔子”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除选项A和B；在劝请的疑问名中用some不用any，排除选项D。 Im moving to the countryside because

24、the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those【解析】答案为C。选项中只有that能替代不可数名词the air。one替代“a单数可数名词”，表示泛指。特指的the one相当于that；the one复数形式the ones，在口语中也常用those代替；当后面有of短语时，一般用that或those，当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)，如the red one。one(s), the one(s), those, that都是替代“同类”事物，其中只有that可替代不可数

25、名词。Weve been looking at houses but havent found _we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them 【解析】答案为A。one =a house, 指我们喜欢的那一类房子。Cars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serious _ than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those 【解析】答案为B。 替代泛指的名词复数problems，用ones。those是替代特的“the +复数名词”的

26、。My most famous relative of all, _ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather. A. one B. the one C. he D. someone【解析】答案为B。由语境可判断是特指，且作My most famous relative of all的同位语，用the one。There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ?No, Id rather buy

27、 in the bookstore. A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it【解析】答案为A。it指代前面的a copy of the book,后面的意思是：我要到书店去买一本（不是特指哪一本）。 I think hes just going to deal with this problem _ day. A. next B. other C. following D. another【解析】答案为D。表示“改天”用another day。但表示相对于过去或将来某天来说的“第二天”时，用the next day 或the following

28、day都可以。No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _. A. others B. the other C. either D. another【解析】答案为B。由neither可知，谈话双方都不同意对方的条件，这个“对方”是特指的另一方，所以用the other。The manager believes prices will not rise by more than _ four percent. A. any other B. the other C.

29、another D. other【解析】答案为C。题干上的意思应该是“价格不会再增长超过4%”。any other “其他另外的”。the other“两者中第二者”。another“另外，又”，放在数词前面。other表示“另外”，和more一样，要放在数字的后面。 One weeks time has been wasted. I cant believe we did all that work for _.A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything【解析】答案为B。因为for nothing是习语，意为“徒劳、没有好结果”、“免费

30、”，句意是：我简直不敢相信我们所做的一切都是徒劳的。She doesnt know anyone here. She has got _to talk to. A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. no one【解析】答案为D。因为“在这里，她谁都不认识”，所以“她没有人可以交谈”。no one = nobody = notany one没有一个人。I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To _ else, it was hard to make out. A.

31、none B. everyone C. someone D. anyone 【解析】答案为D。意为除了我以外，“其他任何人(anyone else)”都很难懂。Id like some more cheese. Sorry, theres _ left. A. some B. none C. a little D. few【解析】答案为B。none既可以修饰可数名词，表示“一个也不， 一个也没有”；也可以修饰不可数名词，表示“一点也不，一点也没有”。在本题中指代不可数名词cheese。本题的意思是：我想再来点奶酪。抱歉，一点都没有了。A项some表示“一些”，C项a little表示“有一点”

32、，修饰不可数名词D项few表示“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词。 If I can help_, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them【解析】答案为C。if I can help it意为“如果我有办法”，表示有办法做某事，或有办法控制某个局面。所提供的情景I dont like working late into the night说明如果有办法，不喜欢工作到深夜。so意为“这样”，常用于省略句中，代替上文中的动作。that用于代替上文的内容。Id appreciate _ if you would

33、 like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that B. it C. this D. you【解析】答案为B。it指代用来泛泛地指某事，可用于如I like/hate it, I appreciate it等类似的句子。表示喜欢/憎恨和赞赏某事。 Who called me this morning when I was out? A man calling _ Robert. A. him B. himself C. his D.不填 【解析】答案为B。 因为“call sb./oneself+某名”就是“叫某人/自称某名字”；句意是“一个自

34、称罗伯特的人”，用himself。Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ after an injury? A. himself B. him C. itself D. it【解析】答案为C。itself 指代前面的the human body。 He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller. When was _? _ was in 2000 when he was still in college. A. that; This B. this; It C. i

35、t; This D. that; It【解析】答案为D。that可以指代过去的情况,下句是强调句型的省略形式=it was in 2000 when he was still in college he got his first book published.Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street?Victoria Street? _ is where the Grand Theatre is. A. SuchB. There C. That D. This【解析】答案为C。that代替上下文提到的地方。The English spok

36、en in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. the one【解析】答案为C。that用来指代前面的名词The English,以避免重复。题意是“美国英语现和英国英语只有很微小的差别了。”在英语中，that还常可以用来指代人口、天气、金钱等。如： The weather here is hotter than that in the north of the country. Little joy can equal _ of a sur

37、prising ending when you read stories. A. that B. those C. any D. some 【解析】答案为A。因为替代前面的不可数名词（little）joy，所以用that,而不是those。此外指示代词“this和that”还可以用作副词修饰形容词，相当于“so”。Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always _ much to do. A. such B. that C. more D. very【解析】答案为B。much前用so, 不用such。

38、口语中，常用that来代替so。1.For me traveling to Antarctica turned out to be the beginning of a new life,_ I had thought I would never see.A. what B. thatC. one D. it【答案与解析】C句中I had thought是插入成分，one代替a new life。也可用关系代词which，指代a new life。2.Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if

39、not more expensive than, _at the other store.A. anyone B. the othersC. that D. the ones【答案与解析】Done可以用来替代前面提到过的名词，以避免重复。如果它替代的名词是复数，则用ones。本题中它代替refrigerators，因特指，故用the ones。3.There must be a dozen pens in this house but I can never find one when I need it.Be patient. _ is sure to turn up.A. One B. I

40、tC. This D. That【答案与解析】A此处表示泛指，代替单数可数名词，故用one。it用来指代上文提到的同一个事物。4.Using the programmes of the Olympic Ceremony we Chinese made _ clear to the world that China has a long history and brilliant culture.A. this B. thatC. it D. these【答案与解析】Cit作形式宾语。分析句子结构可知，本句的真正宾语为that China has a long history and brill

41、iant culture这个从句，clear为宾语补足语，前面需要一个形式宾语，所以选C项。5.The man had expected to see all his relatives when in hospital, but _ came to see him while many of his friends offered him their help.A. none B. no oneC. someone D. anyone【答案与解析】A“当他住院时，他期望看到所有的亲戚，但是没有一个亲戚来看他，而他的很多朋友却来看他了。”由题意首先排除C、D项；B项意为“没有人”，用在此与后句不符，毕竟他的朋友们来了，故排除B项；A项也意为“没有人”，但它有特定的范围：(none of)all his relatives，“他的亲戚中没有人来看他”。6.Do you allow smoking in the office?No. _ smoking here will be fined. A. Who