阅读理解：边学习边听音乐会提高效率吗 高考英语外刊阅读训练.docx

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1、高考英语外刊阅读训练阅读理解：边学习边听音乐会提高效率吗？本文节选自：Nature（自然）发布时间：2023.04.06作者：Nikki Forrester原文标题：Sounds of science: how music at work can fine-tune your researchWhen it comes to access to music, this is a golden age. “You have an armada of music at your disposal at all times,” says Manuel Gonzalez, an organizatio

2、nal psychologist at Seton Hall University in South Orange, New Jersey. It would take someone until the twenty-seventh century to listen to the 100 million or so songs currently available on the streaming service Spotify without ever listening to a song twice, or to whatever is added from now on.Ther

3、e is also a seemingly infinite number of curated playlists to fit a listeners mood or activity, claiming to help boost fitness performance, calm the mind or increase productivity. For example, the YouTube stream “Lofi hip hop radio beats to relax/study to” has nearly 12 million subscribers. Many sci

4、entists listen to music while conducting experiments, analysing data and even writing manuscripts. But does music actually enhance productivity in the workplace?Listening to music releases various neurochemicals, including dopamine, which helps people to pay attention and motivates them to seek plea

5、surable activities, and opiates, which convey pleasure. According to Levitin, oxytocin, a hormone that can help with social bonding, is often released when people sing or listen to music with others. And sad music has been suggested to release prolactin, a soothing hormone. All of these translate to

6、 how people feel and perform in the workplace.Listening to music can help scientists to perform simple tasks, such as pipetting or data entry, by engaging the brain in a way that focuses attention. “Music might even serve as a way not just to make you more productive, but to also ease some of the un

7、pleasant emotions that can happen while youre doing routine tasks,” Gonzalez says. But for complex tasks that require a good deal of thought, such as brainstorming ideas or writing papers, listening to any type of music regardless of lyrics, volume or complexity can undermine performance, he adds.By

8、 contrast, simple songs in major keys can, through the release of dopamine, induce positive emotions that improve working memory, which widens attention. “Youre more likely to incorporate additional features of your environment into your awareness and use that information to generate new ideas,” say

9、s Keeler. However, the ability to choose what music to listen to, and when, is also really important. 阅读理解：1. According to the passage, what is the main advantage of todays access to music?A. The ability to create personalized playlists.B. The convenience of streaming services like Spotify.C. The av

10、ailability of millions of songs.D. The positive effects of music on productivity.2. What is the main reason that dopamine is important for productivity?A. It induces positive emotions.B. It helps people pay attention and motivates them to seek pleasurable activities.C. It helps with social bonding.D

11、. It soothes people and makes them more relaxed.3. What is the relationship between listening to music and productivity?A. Listening to music always enhances productivity.B. Listening to music can enhance productivity for simple tasks but not for complex ones.C. Listening to music always hinders pro

12、ductivity.D. Listening to music can enhance productivity for both simple and complex tasks.4. According to the passage, what hormone is often released when people sing or listen to music with others?A. DopamineB. OxytocinC. OpiatesD. Prolactin5. What effect can sad music have on the body?A. It can m

13、ake people feel more relaxed.B. It can help people focus better.C. It can release oxytocin, which can enhance social bonding.D. It can release dopamine, which can induce positive emotions.6. What kind of music can improve working memory and widen attention?A. Complex songs in minor keys.B. Simple so

14、ngs in minor keys.C. Complex songs in major keys.D. Simple songs in major keys.7. According to the passage, what activity can listening to music help scientists with?A. Brainstorming ideas.B. Conducting interviews.C. Writing manuscripts.D. Photography.8. What is the main disadvantage of listening to

15、 music during complex tasks?A. Listening to music can be distracting.B. Listening to music can release too many neurochemicals.C. Listening to music can make people feel too relaxed.D. Listening to music can narrow attention.9. What is the importance of being able to choose what music to listen to,

16、and when?A. People are more productive when they can choose their music.B. People are more likely to generate new ideas when they can listen to music.C. People are less likely to be distracted when they can choose their music.D. People are happier when they can listen to their favorite music.10. Wha

17、t is the main point of the passage?A. Listening to music can improve productivity but only in certain situations.B. There are millions of songs available on streaming services like Spotify.C. Music can release various neurochemicals that affect the body.D. Curated playlists can help boost performanc

18、e during certain activities.答案：1. C, 2. B, 3. B, 4. B, 5. D, 6. D, 7. C, 8. D, 9. A, 10. A。词汇总结：1. armada n. - 军舰队伍；大量2. disposal n. - 处置；处理3. streaming service n. - 流媒体服务4. curated adj. - 精心挑选的5. boost v. - 促进；增强6. fitness performance n. - 健身表现7. calm v. - 平静8. productivity n. - 生产力；生产率9. neurochem

19、icals n. - 神经化学物质10. dopamine n. - 多巴胺11. opioid n. - 鸦片样物12. pleasure n. - 愉悦；愉快13. oxytocin n. - 催产素14. social bonding n. - 社交联结15. pipetting n. - 吸放管操作16. dopamine n. - 多巴胺17. positive emotions n. - 积极情绪18. working memory n. - 工作记忆19. widen v. - 扩张20. attention n. - 注意力21. undermine v. - 削弱；破坏22.

20、 major keys n. - 大调23. induce v. - 诱导；引起24. additional adj. - 另外的；额外的25. generate v. - 产生；生成26. brainstorm v. - 集思广益；脑力激荡27. choose v. - 选择28. complex tasks n. - 复杂任务29. unpleasant emotions n. - 不愉快的情绪30. routine tasks n. - 常规任务31. simple tasks n. - 简单任务32. lyrics n. - 歌词33. volume n. - 音量34. comple

21、xity n. - 复杂度35. performance n. - 表现36. awareness n. - 意识；认识37. information n. - 信息38. environment n. - 环境39. new ideas n. - 新思路；新想法40. unpleasant emotions n. - 不愉快的情绪41. workplace n. - 工作场所42. scientists n. - 科学家43. pleasurable activities n. - 愉悦的活动44. motivation n. - 动机；推动力45. prolactin n. - 催乳素46

22、. soothing adj. - 缓和的；抚慰的47. manuscripts n. - 手稿48. engage v. - 吸引；参与49. unpleasant emotions n. - 不愉快的情绪50. productivity n. - 生产力；生产率新词积累：1. curate/kjrt/n.（某教区的）助理牧师；堂区牧师v.操持（收藏品或展品的）展出；组织（音乐节的）演出2. opiate/pit/n.鸦片制剂，麻醉剂，镇静剂；慰藉物adj.含鸦片的，鸦片似的；麻醉的，催眠的v.给注入鸦片3. prolactin/prlktn/n.催乳激素；泌乳刺激素4. sooth/su/

23、n.真相，实情；甜言蜜语，奉承话adj.真实的；甜的，柔软的5.pipet/ppt/n.移液管；吸量管；球管vt.用移液管移词组搭配1.an armada of 大量的写作句总结All of these translate to how people feel and perform in the workplace.结构：All of these translate to how people feel and perform .所有这些都转化为人们在的感受和表现。例句：All of these translate to how people feel and perform at musi

24、c festivals.全文对照翻译When it comes to access to music, this is a golden age. “You have an armada of music at your disposal at all times,” says Manuel Gonzalez, an organizational psychologist at Seton Hall University in South Orange, New Jersey. It would take someone until the twenty-seventh century to

25、listen to the 100 million or so songs currently available on the streaming service Spotify without ever listening to a song twice, or to whatever is added from now on.当谈到听音乐，这是一个黄金时代。新泽西州南奥兰治市西顿霍尔大学的组织心理学家曼努埃尔冈萨雷斯说：“你随时都可以接触到大量的音乐。”在目前流媒体服务Spotify上可听的一亿左右歌曲，如果没有重复听一首歌曲，或者不再添加新曲目的话，听完这些歌曲需要到27世纪才行。Th

26、ere is also a seemingly infinite number of curated playlists to fit a listeners mood or activity, claiming to help boost fitness performance, calm the mind or increase productivity. For example, the YouTube stream “Lofi hip hop radio beats to relax/study to” has nearly 12 million subscribers. Many s

27、cientists listen to music while conducting experiments, analysing data and even writing manuscripts. But does music actually enhance productivity in the workplace?此外，似乎还有无数符合听众情绪或活动的精选歌单，这些歌单宣称有助于提高胜任表现力、平静心态或提高工作效率。例如，YouTube流媒体“Lofi嘻哈电台-放松/学习的节拍”有近1200万订阅者。许多科学家在做实验、分析数据甚至写手稿时都在听音乐。但音乐真的能提高工作效率吗?L

28、istening to music releases various neurochemicals, including dopamine, which helps people to pay attention and motivates them to seek pleasurable activities, and opiates, which convey pleasure. According to Levitin, oxytocin, a hormone that can help with social bonding, is often released when people

29、 sing or listen to music with others. And sad music has been suggested to release prolactin, a soothing hormone. All of these translate to how people feel and perform in the workplace.听音乐可以释放各种神经化学物质，包括多巴胺，它能帮助人们专注，并激励人们寻找可以带来愉悦感的活动，以及阿片类物质，它能传递快乐。列维京说，催产素是一种有助于建立社会联系的激素，通常在人们与他人一起唱歌或听音乐时释放。悲伤的音乐被认为

30、可以释放催乳素，这是一种令人平静的激素。所有这些都转化为人们在工作场所的感受和表现。Listening to music can help scientists to perform simple tasks, such as pipetting or data entry, by engaging the brain in a way that focuses attention. “Music might even serve as a way not just to make you more productive, but to also ease some of the unplea

31、sant emotions that can happen while youre doing routine tasks,” Gonzalez says. But for complex tasks that require a good deal of thought, such as brainstorming ideas or writing papers, listening to any type of music regardless of lyrics, volume or complexity can undermine performance, he adds.听音乐可以让

32、大脑集中注意力，帮助科学家完成一些简单的任务，比如移液管或输入数据。冈萨雷斯说：“音乐不仅可以提高你的工作效率，还可以缓解你在做日常工作时可能出现的一些不愉快情绪。”但他补充说，对于需要大量思考的复杂任务，比如头脑风暴或写论文，听任何类型的音乐不管歌词、音量或歌曲复杂程度都会影响工作表现。By contrast, simple songs in major keys can, through the release of dopamine, induce positive emotions that improve working memory, which widens attention.

33、 “Youre more likely to incorporate additional features of your environment into your awareness and use that information to generate new ideas,” says Keeler. However, the ability to choose what music to listen to, and when, is also really important. 相比之下，以大调为主的简单歌曲可以通过释放多巴胺，诱导产生积极情绪，从而提高工作记忆力，扩大注意力范围。基勒说：“你更有可能将环境中的其他特征融入到你的意识中，并用这些信息产生新思路。”然而，选择听什么音乐以及什么时候听音乐的能力也非常重要。学科网（北京）股份有限公司