初中生英语词汇学习策略的研究.docx
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1、初中生英语词汇学习策略的研究 以江苏省昆山市城北中学为例学生姓名:李靓靓学科专业:教育学 指导教师:艾兴副教授研究方向:教育学基本原理 摘要词汇学习是语言学习的关键和基础,语言的习得要从词汇开始。只有学好英语词汇才能实现英语语言的有效沟通和交流,词汇的学习对于英语语言的学习具有举足轻重的作用。在英语的学习中,尤其是初中生英语学习中,词汇学习更是为基础,初中生正处于英语语言学习的初始阶段,先打好基础才能强化训练和运用。初中生拥有了相应的词汇量,才能在英语的听说读写中得心应手、应用自如。伴随着学生掌握的词汇量越来越大,英语的综合运用能力也会越来越高,当然在这一过程中会遇到各种各样的问题,不断的克服
2、困难朝着目标前进也体现了初中生优秀的综合素养。不过在英语词汇的学习过程中,不是一味的死记硬背就能充实词汇量的,词汇的学习需要策略,而且合理的策略会起到事半功倍的效果。针对学习策略,学生要自觉主动地去摸索学习,努力找到效率最大化、价值最优化的学习策略。另外教师也应担负起传道授业的责任,重视词汇学习,重视词汇学习策略的传授,从根本上提升教与学的效率。本文指出了初中生掌握词汇学习策略的重要性,至于初中生应如何建立行之有效的词汇学习策略是本文研究的重点。要找到方法首先要明确一些理论性的基本问题和明了当前初中生英语词汇学习的现状。本文第一章详细阐述了学习策略的理论基础,首先是学习策略的界定,包括学习策略
3、的定义、学习策略的特征、学习策略的分类,其次是影响学习策略的因素,包括内部因素即学生自己的问题,如认知能力不强、自主意识薄弱、策略运用问题等,还有外部因素即教师的问题,入队词汇学习策略不重视,教学方式不正确等。最后是初中生英语词汇的学习界定,包括学什么即学习内容和学习的意义。本文第二章详细论述了初中生英语词汇学习策略的现状研究,从词汇学习策略中遇到的问题到词汇学习策略的运用分析再到词汇学习策略与其他变量的关系,全面了解了初中生英语词汇学习目前的现状情况。对于问题的找出从教师层面和学生层面挖掘出了主观及客观方面存在的问题。在学习策略运用分析方面采用了问卷调查的形式,从数据结论上深入的了解了学习对
4、每一种策略的使用频率。词汇与其他变量的关系则是从成绩、学习效果、学习年限三方面挖掘,最后总结出学习策略和这三方面都呈正相关性。本文的最后一章是改善初中生英语词汇学习的有效策略,本章从初中生策略运用测验和具体策略拟定实施两方面展开论述,针对以上初中生出现的问题对症下药,制定出了更适合初中生学习的、进一步弥补初中生学习缺陷的行之有效的学习策略。关键词:初中生;词汇学习;策略AbstractVocabulary learning is the key and foundation of language learning, language acquisition should start from
5、 the words. Only to learn English vocabulary can realize effective communication and exchanges of the English language, vocabulary learning for English language learning plays a decisive role. In the learning of English, especially in the junior middle school students learning English, vocabulary le
6、arning but also as the foundation, is in the initial stage of English language learning in junior high school students, to lay a solid foundation to strengthen the training and use. Junior high school students have the corresponding vocabulary, ability in English listening, speaking, reading and wri
7、ting with ease, application freely. Along with the students master the vocabulary is more and more big, the integrated use of English ability will be more and more high, of course, in this process will encounter all sorts of problems, and constantly to overcome difficulties toward goals also reflect
8、ed the good comprehensive qualities in junior high school students. But in the process of English vocabulary learning, not blindly rote learning can enrich your vocabulary, vocabulary learning needs strategy, and reasonable strategy would have twice the result with half the effort. In view of the le
9、arning strategies, grope for learning, students should consciously and actively try to find the efficiency maximization, value optimization of learning strategies. Teachers also should shoulder the responsibility of the knowledge, attach importance to vocabulary learning, attaches great importance t
10、o the teaching of vocabulary learning strategies, and fundamentally improve the efficiency of teaching and learning. This paper points out the junior middle school students to grasp the importance of vocabulary learning strategies, as for the junior middle school students should be how to establish
11、effective vocabulary learning strategies is the key point of this study. To find a way to first clear some basic theoretical issues and the status quo of the current junior middle school students English vocabulary learning. This article first chapter in detail elaborated the basic theory of learnin
12、g strategy, the first is the definition of learning strategies, including the definition of learning strategy, learning strategy, characteristics, classification of learning strategies, and the second is the influencing factors of learning strategies, including the internal factor namely the student
13、s their own problems, such as cognitive ability is not strong, independent consciousness weak, strategy application, etc., and external factors, namely the teachers question team do not take the vocabulary learning strategies, teaching way is not correct, etc. The last is the junior middle school st
14、udents English vocabulary learning, including the meaning of what the learning content and learning. In detail in this paper, the second chapter discusses the status quo of the study of English vocabulary learning strategies in junior high school students, from the problems in the vocabulary learnin
15、g strategies to the use of vocabulary learning strategy analysis and vocabulary learning strategies and the relationship between other variables, a comprehensive understanding of the present situation of English vocabulary learning in junior middle school students. Find out about a problem from the
16、aspect of teachers and students level of digging out the problems existing in the subjective and objective aspects. In the aspect of learning strategy analytical adopted the form of questionnaire survey, in-depth understanding of the learning from the data the conclusion of each kind of strategy use
17、 frequency. The relationship between vocabulary and other variables, from grades, learning effect, learning duration of three aspects of mining, and finally summed up the positive correlation between learning strategies and the three ways. Last chapter of this paper is effective to improve junior mi
18、ddle school students English vocabulary learning strategies, this chapter from the junior middle school students using testing and specific strategies for implementation of the two aspects, in view of the above junior high school students suit the remedy to the case of the problems, work out the mor
19、e suitable for junior middle school students to learn, to further make up the defect of effective learning strategies in junior high school students.Key words: junior high school students; vocabulary learning; strategies第一章 1绪论(关于论文得标题格式,建议使用文科学位论文得的四级格式)一、1.1研究背景(一)1.1.1课标对初中生词汇学习的要求基础课程改革的要求我国全日制义
20、务教育普通高级中学英语课程标准实验稿,以下简称标准对中学生的英语语言知识目标的描述中都提高了掌握和运用词汇能力的要求。标准在对英语语言技能目标听、说、读、写的描述中都强调了词汇对这些能力的根本作用。其中最为明显的是对词汇量的要求有了大幅度的提高。英语课程标准指出,英语课程的任务之一是养成学生良好的学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略,发展学生自主学习的能力。初中阶段是有效策略形成的重要时期。根据英语课程标准(实验稿)的规定,初中毕业生要掌握1500个单词和100个左右的习惯用语。随着对词汇要求越来越高,初中英语教学应该更注重对词汇学习策略的研究和应用只有运用正确的词汇学习策略才能让学生更好地进行词汇学
21、习。英语课程标准指出,英语课程的任务之一是养成学生良好的学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略,发展学生自主学习的能力。初中阶段是有效策略形成的重要时期。(二)当前词汇学习的现状词汇是语言的三要素(语音、词汇、语法)之一,是语言的基本材料,离开词汇就无法表达思想。While without grammar, very little can be conveyed; without vocabulary, nothing can be conveyed.”(Wilkins, 1972)。可以说,词汇的掌握和积累直接影响到学生的听,说,读,写,译等能力的发展。词汇是衡量英语水平的重要标准之一,其重要性不言自
22、明。学好英语的关键之一是掌握一定的词汇量,英语词汇是学习英语的基础,如果没有词汇,任何形式的交流都无从谈起。所以,对于学习英语者来说要学好英语,掌握大量的词汇是关键。随着课程的教材改革,人们越来越认识到词汇教学的重要性。如何学习词汇历来是国内外学术界所研究的课题。从近几年的考试的题型看,无论是听力题、还是单项选择题、完型填空题、短文改错题、单词拼写题乃至于书面表达,无不与单词紧紧地联系在一起。为了使学生能真正掌握所学的词汇,进而学会用英语交际,有必要加强词汇教学,尤其要加强研究如何使用合理的方法,以便达到事半功倍的效果。学习单词需要记忆,但记忆单词需要一定的策略。在实践中我们经常可以发现一些初
23、中学生的词汇学习策略明显不足,其中反复读、拼读单词和做练习这些死记硬背为主的策略占了很大比重,而联系上下文、猜测、联想等策略运用很少。这表明有必要对学生进行学法指导,让他们学会采用多种学习策略,进而找到适合自己的有效学习策略,提高词汇的记忆效率具有重要的现实意义。,初中毕业要掌握3000个单词和300左右的习惯用语。英语课程标准指出,英语课程的任务之一是养成学生良好的学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略,发展学生自主学习的能力。初中阶段是有效策略形成的重要时期。根据英语课程标准(实验稿)的规定,初中毕业生要掌握1500个单词和100个左右的习惯用语,初中毕业要掌握3000个单词和300左右的习惯用语。
24、可见,随着学生年龄的增长,单词学习是英语学习任务的重要组成部分。目前,多数初中学生学习词汇的方法是记忆单词的中文释义,机械背诵和记忆, 在策略运用方面以一般性的学习策略占主体地位,运用适合英语词汇学习的具体策略是辅助性的,因此词汇学习效果并不好。学生在词汇学习策略上的缺失或不足极大地妨碍他们学习能力的形成和后继的英语学习。因此初中生也需要掌握一定的英语词汇学习策略。(这里谈的是英语课程标准的要求,并没有谈当前基础教育课程改革的要求)1.1.2发展学生自主学习词汇的能力学习策略是综合语言能力形成的基础之一, 是提高词汇学习效率、发展自主学习英语能力的保证 (国家教育部2001),要使初中生初步具
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