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1、优质文本一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写要熟练掌握元音和辅音,5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。二、be动词的用法be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀:“我用am, “你用are, is用于“他、她、它;单数全都用is,复数全部都用are。三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
2、3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。四、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数)zero, one, two,
3、three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eight
4、y, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来答复的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来答复的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。六、可数名词变复数可数名词变复数时,有规那么变化和不规那么变化两种。1、规那么变化:1)一般情况直接在词尾加“-s ,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加“-es ,如:bus-buses, watch-watc
5、hes, box-boxes等;3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加“-es ,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;4)局部以f (e)结尾的词,变f (e)为“ves ,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;5)以o结尾的词,加“-s 或“-es ,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀:除了“英雄hero外,但凡能吃的,加“-es ,不能吃的加“-s 。2、不规那么变化:1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-me
6、n, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, CChinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原那么最根本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当。主谓一致原那么,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数(简称“三单)时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非“三单时,谓语动词就用原形。实意动词变“三单的规那么如下:1)一般动词在词尾加“-s ,如:like-likes
7、, tell-tells, play-plays等;2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加“-es ,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;3)以o结尾的动词一般加“-es ,如:do-does, go-goes等;4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加“-而是,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;5)have的三单形式是has。八、冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词)冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种。1、定冠词the表示“特指,可译为“这个、“那个、“这些、“那些。2、不定冠词a, a
8、n用来说明(可数)名词的数量是“一个。an用于以元音开头(注意不是以元音字母开头)的单词前,a那么英语非元音开头的单词前。3、不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是:不定冠词不是刻意强调“数量,而基数词那么强调“数量。九、助动词(do, does )的用法只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词。以like为例:1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及“主谓一致原那么。eg : I like English a lot.Michael likes Chinese food very much.2)当句子为否认句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为“三单时,要使用does;当主
9、语为“非三单时,用助动词原形do。例如把以下句子变否认句:Kangkang likes math.-Kangkang doesnt like math.They like sports.-They dont like sports.3)当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如以下句子变问句:Michael likes Chinese Food.-Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt.Jane and Helen like music.-Do Jand and Helen lik
10、e music? Yes, they do./ No, they dont.十、名词所有格1、Kangkangs books;Tom and Helens desk; Anns and Marias bikes;2、用of表示“.的,但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书)3、have与of的区别:have一般表示“主动拥有,往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能“主动拥有,表示所属关系时要用of。例如:I have a newbike. She has two big eyes.a door of the house十一、课本中的知识点1、Unit 1 U
11、nit 21)问候语:Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.How are you?-Just OK, thank you. How are you?-Not bad, thanks.Hi! Hello!How do you do?2)道别用语:Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面,see用于熟人间)Nice to meet/ see you, too.Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!3)介绍人或者
12、物的句型:This is.4)Excuse me.与Im sorry.的区别:Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意,而Im sorry.那么是向对方抱歉。5)词组be from = come fromin English5)当问句中问到this/ that时,答复要用it;问到these/ those时,要用they来答复。 例如: Whats this in English?-Its an eraser.What are those?-They are books.6)对Thanks.的答复:Thats OK./ Youre welcome./ My pleasur.7)look the
13、same = have the same looksgive sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.be like = look likein the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on,否那么用in)in red(穿着红色的衣服)in the desk(在空间范围之内)in English(用英语)help sb. do sth.8)both与all的区别:both表示“两者都.;all表示“三者及以上都.。2、Unit 3Unit 41)speak的用法speak与say不同:speak表示“说的动作,不表示“说的内容;say那么表示“说的内容。
14、speak后面除了能接“语言外,不能直接接东西,后面加了to那么表示“对.说。help sb. with sth.(帮助某人做/补习.)want to do sth.(想要做某事)would like to do sth.not.at all(一点都不);Not at all.(没关系/别介意)like.a lot = like.very much2)some和any的区别:口诀:some用于肯定句,否认、疑问变any。例如:I have some money.I dont have any money.Do you have any money?3)have a seat = take a
15、seat(请随便坐)4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)祈使句一般都省略了主语You,所以其否认句直接用Dont开头。例如:Dont go there!5)问职业:What does sb. do?What is sb.?Whats sb.s job?6)work与job的区别:work是未必有报酬的“工作,例如homework, housework;而job那么一定是有报酬的“工作。7)on指在物体的外表,不管这个面是否水平的,例如:on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)look af
16、ter(照料/照顾/照看)help oneself(请自便/随便吃)9)表示“建议的句型:“做某事如何?What about (doing) sth.? (英式英语)How about (doing) sth.? (美式英语)Why dont you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?10)“吃一日三餐要用have:have breakfast/ lunch/ supperhave.for breakfast/ lunch/ suppertakeones orderbe kind to sb.11)try on这个词组可合可分:名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面,但代词只能放
17、在词组的中间。12)在口语中往往用take表示“买。13)how many与how much的区别:how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词14)What do you think of.? 是询问对方对某事物的看法;How do you like.? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度。think about(考虑)Thank you all the same. (即使对方没能帮上忙,也要礼貌道谢)Thanks. = Thank you.(thank作为动词,不能单独使用。)15)one与it的区别:当上下文说的是同一种类事物时,任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是
18、同一个事物时那么用it。例如:Ann :I have a yellow bag.Jane :I have a green one.Tom : Hey, Mike. Where is your bike?Mike : Look, its over there.16)倒装句Here you are.Here it is.17)be free (有空/免费)forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事)Whats up? = Whats wrong with.? = Whats the matter with.?18)go + v.-ing结构的
19、含义:为了实现某目的才去的。例如:go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等19)have to do sth.(非主观因素,强调客观因素,“不得不去做某事)must 那么表示主观愿望20)fly a kite = fly kitesbe free = have time21)句型“该干某事了。:Its time to do sth. = Its time for sth.例如:该吃午饭了.Its time to have lunch. = Its time for lunch.22)时间的表述当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时,用“分钟past“小时。例如:8:23twenty-three past eight当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时,用“剩余的时间to“下一个整点。例如:8:49eleven to nine当然,还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间,例如:8:23eight twenty-three; 8:49eight forty-nine整点那么在数词后加“-oclock,例如:8:00eight oclock在钟点前介词要用at.
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