考研基础词汇讲义(全).pdf
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1、考研基础班必背的62个前缀和52个后缀一、常用前缀1、aero:concerning the air or aircraftplane(飞机)一aeroplane(飞机)space(空间,间隔)一aerospace(航空宇宙)aerogram aerom eter aerom edicine2、anti:against;opposite ofnuclear(核核子的)一antinuclear(反对使用核武器的)m atter(物质)一antim atter(反物质)war(战争、作战、打仗)一antiwar(反战的,反对战争的)antiageing antifat antigas antino
2、ise3 auto:of or by oneselfbiography(传记)一autobiography(自传)criticism G比评,就 匕 判)一autocriticism(自我反省,自我检讨)autoalarm autosuggestion4 be:to treat as the stated thingfriend(朋友,助手)一befriend(待人如友,帮助)little(很少的,矮小的,很少)一belittle(轻视,使渺小,使显得渺小)becalm bepowder beside bemoan5 bi:two;tw ice;doublelingual(语言的)一bilin
3、gual(能说两种语言的)cycle(自行车)一bicycle(脚踏车,自行车)biw eekly bipolar bilateral bisexual6 bio:concerning living thingschem istry(化学)一biochem istry(生物化学)sphere(圈子)一biosphere(生物圈)7、byJess im portantproduct(产品,)by-product(副产品,附加产物)w ay(路,道路)一by w ay(小道)by-effect by-business bytim e8、centi:hundredth partgrade(等级)一c
4、entigrade(分为百度的,百分度的,摄氏温度的)m eter(米)一centim eter(厘米)9 co:together,withauthor(作家,创造者)一coauthor(合著者,共同执笔者,合著)exist(存在,生存)一coexist(共存)coagent co-worker cooperation1 0 col:(used before L)together,withlocation(位置,场所)一collocation(排列,配置)collaborate 合作collingual1 1 com:(used before b,m,p)together,withpassio
5、n(激情,热情)一com passion(同情,怜悯)b a ttle战役 com bat 战斗com bine com press com patriot12、con:together,withcentric(中心的,中央的)一concentric(同中心的)federation(同 盟,联 邦,联 合,联 盟)confederation(联邦)conclude confirm conjoin contribute13、contra oppositediction(措辞,用语,言语)一contradiction(反驳,矛盾)natural(自然的,自然界的)一contranatural(违背
6、自然的)contra-m issile contraclockw ise14、cor:(used before r)together,withrelate(叙述,讲,使联系,发生关系)一correlate(使相互关联,和相关)respond(回 答,响 应,作 出 反 应,有 反 应)correspond(符合,协调,通信,相当,相应)correct corru pt cor rival1 5、counter oppositeact(担当,表现,见效)一counteract(抵消,中和,阻碍)attack(攻击)一counterattack(反弓【力)cou nterterrorist cou
7、 ntereff ect1 6 cross:across;going betw een the statedthings and joining themcountry(乡下的,乡村的)一crosscountry(越野地,横过田野的)breed(使)繁 殖,教 养,抚 养,品 种,种 类)crossbreed(生物 杂种,异种交配,培育杂种,(使)杂交)17、de:show ing an opposite;to rem ove;toreducecode(代码,密码)一decode(解码,译解)value(评价,重视)一devalue(=devaluate)减值,贬值)decline incre
8、ase decrease18、dis:not;the opposite ofadvantage(优势,有利条件)一disadvantage(不利,不利条件,缺点,劣势)agree(同意)一disagree(不一致,不适宜)honest(诚实的,正直的)一dishonest(不诚实的)disorder discourage dispart distract19、em:(used before b,m,p)to cause tobecom ebody(赋以形体)一em body(具体表达,使具体化)power(权力,激励)一empower(授权与,使能够)em bed em bar em bow
9、em bitter20 en:to cause to becom e;to m akedanger(威胁)一endanger(危及)large(大的,巨大的)enlarge(扩大,放大)enrich enclose enable enact21 ex:form er(and still living)m inister(部长,大臣)一ex-m inister(前部长)w ife(妻子)一ex-w ife(前妻)export expose expel exaggerate22、extra:outside;beyondcurricular(课程的)一extracurricular(课 夕 卜 的,
10、业余的)ordinary(平 常 的,普 通 的,平 凡 的)extraordinary(非常的,特别的,非凡的)extrabold extragovernm ental23 fore:in advance,before;in or at thefrontarm(臂,武器,装备)一forearm(前臂,准备战斗,预先武装,准备)warn(警告)一forew ar n(预先警告)forehead forew ord24 il:(used before I)notlegal(法律的,合法)一illegal(违法的,不合规定的)literate(学者,有文化的,有阅读和写作能力的)illiterat
11、e(违法的,不合规定的)illogical illustrate ilium inate25 im:(used before b,m,p)notmoral(道德(上)的,精神的,道德)一im moral(不道德的,邪恶的,放荡的,淫荡的)possible(可能的)一im possible(不可能的)impolite import im m erge im pu Ise26 in:notdirect(径直的,直接的)一indirect(间接的,迂回的)sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的)一insensitive(对.没有感觉的,感觉迟钝的)informal intake inspirit inv
12、igorate27、infra:below in a range;beyondred(红(色)的)一infrared(红外线的,红外线)structure(结构,构造)一infrastructure(下部构造,基础下部组织)infrahuman infrasonic28、inter:betw een;am ongchange(改变,变化)一interchange(指两人等)交换,相互交换)national(国家的,民族的)一international(国际的,世界的,国际性组织,国际比赛)interact inpersonal interview29、intra:inside,within;i
13、ntocity(城市,都市)一intracity(市内的)departm ent(部,局,处,科,部门,系,学部)intra-departm ent(内部)intraday intrapersonal intra-trading30 ir:(used before r)notregular(规则的,有秩序的)一irregular(不规则的,无规律的)responsible(有责任的,可靠的)一irresponsible(不负责任的,不可靠的)irresistible irrelative irruption31、kilo:thousandgram(克,)一kilogram(物千克,公斤)m e
14、ter(米)一kilom eter(公里)kilowatt kilocalorie kilovolt32、m aero:large,esp.concerning a w holesystem rather than particular parts ofeconom ics(经济学)一m acroeconom ics(宏观经济学)structure(结构)一m acrostructure(宏观结构)m acrochange m aroscale33 m al:bad or badlyfunction(官能,功能,作用)一m alf u net ion(故障)treat(宴请,款待)一maltr
15、eat(虐待,滥用)m alnutrition m alform at ionabuse curse34 m icro:ext rem ely sm allcom puter(计算机,电脑)一m icrocom puter(微机)electronics(电子学)一m icroelectronics(电子 微电子学)m icroscope m ircow ave35 m id:m iddleday(天,白天)一m idday(正午)night(夜,夜晚)一m idnight(午夜)36 mini:sm all;shortbus(公共汽车)一m inibus(小型公共汽车)skirt(裙子)一m
16、iniskirt(迷你短裙,超短裙)m inipark m inistate37、m is:bad or badly;w rong or w ronglyfortune(运气,好运)一m isfortune(不幸,灾祸)u nderstand(懂,了解)一m isu nderstand(误解,误会)m isread m isuse m istreat38 mono:one;singleplane(飞机)一monoplane(单翼机)tone(音调,语调)一monotone(单调的,单调)m onolingual m onocycle39、multi:more than one;manypurp
17、ose(目的,意图)一m uItipurpose(多种用途的,多目标的)national(国 家 的,国 立 有 的,民 族 的)m u Itinational(多民族的,)m u Itim edia m edia 媒体m u Itiparty m u Itilateral40 non:notresident 居住一non resident(不居住的)se n se理性,认识一nonsense(胡说,废话)nonstop noneffective nonsom ker41、out:outside;beyondlive(活的,生动的)一outlive(比长命,比耐久)door(门,通道,家,户)
18、一outdoor(室外的,户外的,野外的)outcom e outlet outfit42、over:too m uch;above;additionalhead(头,头的,主要的)一overhead(在头上的,在头顶上,在空中,在高处)time(时间,时侯,时机,)一overtime(超时,力 口 班,延长时间,超时的,加班的,加班地,使超时)overuse overfly oversea overlook43 poly:m anycentric(中心的,中央的)一polycentric(多中心的)syllabic(语音节主音,音节的)一polysyllabic(多音节的)polyfu no
19、tional polytech n ical44、post:later than;aftergraduate(大学)毕业生,研究生,(使)(大学)毕业)postgraduate(研究所学生,研究生,毕业后的)war(战争,作战,打仗)一postwar(战后的)postpone postdate post-liberation45、pre:before;in advancepay(薪水,工资,支付)prepay(预付)war(战争,作战,打仗)一prewar(战前的,在战前)prefix precool precook prepay46 pro:before;in favor of,suppor
20、tingAm erica(v美美国,美洲1(包括北美和南美洲)pro-Am erica?Abortion(流产,堕胎,失败,夭折,中止,早产)pro-abortion?47 pseudo:not real;falsename(姓名)一pseudonym(假名,笔名)science(科学,自然科学)-pseudoscience(假科学,伪科学)psudo-dem ocratic psudograph48 re:again;back to the form er stateunite(联合,团结)reunite(使)再结合)use(使用)一reuse(再使用,重新使用)return reback
21、review rebornrevival survival49、self:by m eans of oneself or itself;of,to,with,for,or in oneself or itselfem ployed(雇用,用,使用)一self-em ployedtaught(teach的过去式和过去分词)一self-taughtselfesteem self conf idence50 sem i:half;partlycircle(圆周,圆形物)一sem icircle(半圆形)final(决赛)一sem ifinal(半决赛)sem iconductor?conductor
22、51、step:not by birth but through a parentwho has rem arr iedmother(母亲,妈妈)一stepm other(继母)children(孩子,孩子们)一stepchildren(继子)5 2、sub:under;less im ortant;part of thestated bigger w holedivide(分,划分,分开,隔开)一subdivide(再分,细分)section(部分)一subsection(分部,分段)subw ay submarine subadu It53、super:more,larger,greate
23、r than usualm arket(市场)一superm arket(超级市场)natural(自然的,自然界的,普 通 的,正 常 的)supernatural(超自然的,神奇的,超自然物,不可思议的事)supersized supervise superheat54、tele:at or over a long distance;by or fortelevisioncom m u nicationtelecom m u nication 电信screen(屏,银幕)一telescreen(电视屏幕,荧光屏)telegram telescope television55 therm(o
24、):concerning heatchem istry(化学)-therm ochem istry(热化学)m eter(计,表)一therm om eter(温度计,体温计)56 trans:across,on or to the other side of;betw eenAtlantic(大西洋)一transatlantic(大西洋彼岸的)plant(种植,栽培,培养)一transplant(移植,移种)transm it transport transform er57、tri:three;three tim esangular(有角的)一triangular(三角形的)cycle(自
25、行车)T ric y c le (三轮车,机器三轮车)triplets triple double58 ultra:beyond;very,extremelymodern(近代的,现代的)一u It ram Oder n(超现代化的)sound(声音,语音)一ultrasound(超频率音响)u It racold u It rafast ultrafine59 un:notcertain(确定的,必然的,可靠的)uncertain(无常的,不确定的,不可预测的,靠不住的)fortunate(幸运的,幸福的)一unfortunate(不幸的,使人遗憾的)unconditional unjust
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