考研英语模拟60.pdf

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1、 模拟考研英语模拟60多项选择第1题：The speaker is mainly addressingA.teenagers.B.young students.C.parents of teenagers.D.those who give advice to teenagers.参考答案：A答案解析：第61题答案为 A。只要听懂全文大意不难选对答案。第2题：At the beginning of the talk the speaker is mainly talking aboutA.the teenagers strange behaviors.B.the teenagers，critic

2、ism of their parents.C.the dominance of the parents over their children.D.misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents.参考答案：B答案解析：说明：第62题答案为。第1句话说：年轻人有时批评父母，抱怨他们不理解,抱怨他们跟不上时代等。这正是 B的内容。D父母和孩子之间的误解，只是年轻人抱怨父母的一项内容，并非谈话一开始的主要内容。第3题：Teenagers tend to have their strange clothes and hairstyles be

3、cause theyA.want to irritate their parents.B.have no other way to enjoy themselves better.C.have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste.D.want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own.参考答案：D答案解析：说明：第63题答案为 D。此题答案的根据是“So they create a culture andisoc i e t y of t h e i r o

4、w n.”。年轻人穿奇装异服，留古怪发式，惹恼了父母，但这不是他们的初衷(Th i s i s n ot t h e i r m ot i v e),他们感到成年人的群体不接纳他们，他们只好创造自己的群体，以显示自己的存在。因此答案不是 A ；B 的内容文中未涉及；C (有强烈的愿望领导时尚)也不对，谈话中是有“Th e y f e e lt h e y a re su pe ri or,a t l e a st i n a sm a l l w a y,a n d t h e y a re l e a d e rs i n st y l ea n d t a st e”的话语，但那是他们那样

5、做后自我感觉良好，认为自己了不起，领导了时尚，但这不是他们那样做的原因，更谈不上是有强烈的愿望。第4题：To i m prov e pa re n t-c h i l d re l a t i on sh i ps,t e e n a g e rs a re a d v i se d t o b eA.ob e d i e n t.B.re spon si b l e.C.c o-ope ra t i v e.D.i n d e pe n d e n t.参考答案：C答案解析：说明：第6 4题答案为 C。最后谈话人劝告年轻人要明白自己长大了，要对自己负责，要掌握自己的生活，那 就 要 I f

6、y ou pl a n t o c on t rol y ou r l i f e,c o-ope ra t i on c a n b e pa rt of t h a t pl a n.0第5题:Wh a t c a n w e sa y a b ou t M rs.B e l l?A.Sh e l i v e s w i t h h e r c h i l d re n.B.H e r h u sb a n d d i e d aC.Sh e pu t t h e n ot i c eD.Sh e a d v e rt i se d t h ey e a r a g o.a t t h e

7、 d oor t h i s m orn i n g,h ou se i n t h e n e w spa pe r.参考答案：C答案解析：第6 5题答案为 C。这是考查具体信息的正误题，仅 C 符合房东太太的情况。第6题：L i H u a prom i se d t oA.b ri n g$7 0 t h i s a f t e rn oon a t t w o.B.pre pa re C h i n e se f ood f or t h e w om a n.C.re n t t h e room f or$3 5 a w e e k w i t h m e a l s.D.h e

8、l p t h e ol d l a d y w i t h w a sh i n g a n d c l e a n i n g.2参考答案：A答案解析：说明：第66题答案为 A。李华对房子满意，说好下午搬来。房东说要先付两周的房租，因此答案为 A。B错，李华只是说有时可以给房东太太做中国菜。C错，35元是房租，不管饭。D房东太太说自己年纪大了，不能给房客清扫房间，要李华自己打扫，并不是要他帮她打扫她的屋子。第7题：F rom the conversation we have learned that Li HuaA.is good at cooking Chinese food.B.wil

9、l be allowed to use the kitchen freely.C.is a graduate student at the university nearby.D.will pay M rs.Bell$35 a week besides the electricity bill.参考答案：B答案解析：说明：第67题答案为 B。A错，无根据。C错，只知他是大学生，但没有关于他学校位置的信息。D错，35元的房租包括了水电。第8题：The man came hereA.to see his tutor for help.B.to help the woman with her rep

10、ort.C.to find some materials for his essay.D.to read books on the effect of smoking by parents on their children.参考答案：C答案解析：第6 8题答案为 C。男生告诉女同学说“Im still working on my essay forEnvironmental science.I need to check a reference.。查参考书，也就是为论文找些材料。第9题：What is their problem?A.The computers dont work prope

11、rly.B.There are no computers available.C.They can，t afford time to wait for the computer.D.They still have difficulty in finding the needed information.3参考答案：D答案解析：说明：第6 9题答案为 D。两人谈了他们用计算机查找材料都有些困难，M ary还上过一上辅导班，但帮助不大，问题是不知要查哪儿，她说“M y real problemis knowing what card to lookup.o第10题：Which of the fol

12、lowing is true?A.M ary is majoring in psychology.B.John is writing an essay on Environment.C.The man is taking class which is helpful.D.Card catalogues are easier than computer catalogues to be used.参考答案：B答案解析：说明：第7 0题答案为 B。M ary在写经济课程的论文，因此 A错；是M ary不是John,她上过一个计算机班，而且还没有什么帮助，因此 C错；D（卡片目录比计算机更有用）显然

13、是错的，因J o h n说 的“But they are souseful.checked out or not”就是他对计算机目录的评价。另一处John说Imstill working on my essay for Environmental science.”才是答案的根据。第11题：What do you know about the National Trust?A.Its a government-organization.B.It might be trusted by British people.C.It depends on the governments support.

14、D.People can visit most of its houses and land.参考答案：D答案解析：第7 1题答案为 D。这是综合判断题。可采用排除法解此题。A错，因从男士的介绍中得知National Trust是个非政府组织；B的内容没有提到；C也不对，政府给的钱很少，它主要靠赞助。自己还有产和土地。仅 D对，其根据是“M ost of our property are open to people.。第12题:What trouble may visitors dogs cause to the National Trust?A.They often eat birds，e

15、ggs.B.They may frighten farm animals.4C.They damage the wheat and grass.D.They can run into fanners houses.参考答案：B答案解析：说明：第 72题答案为 B。这是具体信息判断题。提到了孩子们掏鸟蛋，并非狗吃鸟蛋，故答案不是 A；C 也不对，是游人在麦子地里踢足球，损坏了庄稼；D 的内容没有根据，不是答案。B 有根据：And for the farmers,dogs canbe a big danger.They frighten sheep and cattle.”。第 13题：Which

16、 of the following makes farmers especially annoyed on summerevenings?A.Having late parties.B.Playing football in the wheat fields.C.Washing-up in a beautiful mountain stream.D.Dropping lighted ends and matches on the ground.参考答案：A答案解析：说明：第 73题答案为答。注意题干上有“on summer evenings”，B、C、D 都是令人恼火的事，但都不限定在夏日晚上

17、发生，故不是答案。第 14题：The man was delighted at thatA.his wife got a real deal bargain.B.his wife praised him for his good luck.C.he bought a new tape recorder at a very low price.D.the recorder he bought worked very well after he fixed it.参考答案：C答案解析：第 74题答案为 C o 男士兴致勃勃地告诉妻子自己仅花了$29.95买了一台收音机，他说Its really a

18、 bargain（便宜货）”。第 15题：Why couldn，t the man get the refund according to the phone call?A.because he had lost the receipt.B.because everything with the recorder was right.5C.because the recorder was out of the guarantee time.D.because the recorder he bought didn，t belong to non-sale items.参考答案：D答案解析：说明

19、：第 75题答案为 D。买来的收音机不响，男士打电话给商店要求退货。录音中无对方声音，但从男士的话中可以知道电话的内容。男士说商店里用大字写着：保 证 退 货(money-back guarantee),但对方说下面还有小字：仅对非处理品(for non-sale items only),而这台收音机这样便宜，显然是处理品(saleitems)o第 16题：Which of the following is NOT what the man thought of?A.He shouldn，t have bought the recorder.B.He would go to the store

20、 in person.C.He should have read the small print.D.He should have tested the recorder before he left the store.参考答案：A答案解析：说明：第 76题答案为 A。B、C、D 的内容对话中都出现了。第 17题：What have we learned from the end of the conversation?A.The man succeeded in getting his money back.B.He called the Consumer Service commissi

21、on.C.The recorder worked properly after the woman found the switch.D.He went to the store and exchanged the recorder for another one.参考答案：C答案解析：说明：第 77题答案为 C。最后收音机响起了音乐声，原来是妻子在那儿摆弄，打开了收音机的开关，买的虽是便宜货，但并不是坏的，一场虚惊。第 18题：What is mainly discussed in the conversation?A.The man，s education.B.The man，s pay

22、raise.C.A career ladder for the man.6D.A n e w c h a n c e f o r e v e r y o n e t o p r o m o t e.参考答案：C答案解析：第7 8题答案为 C。这是一道主旨题，两人回忆了这男子5年来从m ail cl er k升 到s en io r cl er k的情况，女士还告诉他现在又有了一个提升机会(her e isan o t her chan ce t o m o v e u p t he l adder),就是去上学进修，以后可以干七级cl er k的工作。C 最能概括这个意思。D(人人都有的一次提

23、升机会)。这是对话后半部的内容，但从全部对话看，答案还是 C。第19题：W hat is J im N o w?A.A s en io r cl er k.B.A m es s en ger cl er k.C.A dis t r ibu t io n cl er k.D.A co m pu t er cl er k.参考答案：A答案解析：说明：第7 9题答案为 A。这是一道考察具体事实的信息题。答案来自“S o I go tt his j o b as S en io r C l er k,V m a G r ade 5 n o w”。第20题：H o w m u ch t im e do

24、es it t ak e t he m an t o m o v e u p t o G r ade 5?A.t hr ee y ear s.B.fo u r y ear s.C.fiv e y ear s.D.s ix y ear s.参考答案：C答案解析：说明：第8 0题答案为 C。参看第17题的解析。第21题:W ho can get t he chan ce t o go t o s cho o l o n co m pan y t im e?A.T he per s o n w ho hasB.T he per s o n w ho hast he s t r o n g w il

25、l.at t en ded t he adu l t s cho o l.C.T he per s o n w hoD.T he per s o n w hocan pas s t he t es t o f ar it hm et ic.can w o r k at co m pu t er s q u ick l y aft er t r ain in g.参考答案：D答案解析：说明：第8 1题答案为 D。是一道具体信息题，答案在女士说的 W e w il l giv eev er y bo dy t w o day s o f t r ain in g.T he peo pl e w h

26、o l ear n q u ick l y can go t o7s cho o l fo r m o r e t r ain in g.”中。多项选择A P o l is h pr o v er b cl aim s t hat fis h,t o t as t e r ight,s ho u l d s w im t hr eet im es 一in w at er,in bu t t er an d in w in e.T he ear l y effo r t s o f t he bas ics cien t is t s in t he fo o d in du s t r y w

27、 er e dir ect ed at im pr o v in g t he pr epar at io n,pr es er v at io n,an d dis t r ibu t io n o f s afe an d n u t r it io u s fo o d.O u r m em o r ieso f cer t ain fo o ds t u ffs eat en du r in g t he W o r l d W ar I I s u gges t t hat,al t ho u ght hes e m ight hav e been s afe an d n u t

28、r it io u s,t hey cer t ain l y did n o t t as t er ight n o r w er e t hey par t icu l ar l y appet is in g in appear an ce o r s m el l.T hisn egl ect o f t he s en s o r y appeal o f fo o ds is happil y beco m in g a t hin g o f t hepas t.N o w,in t he bo o k uP r in cipl es o f S en s o r y E v

29、al u at io n o f F o o d,“t heau t ho r s ho pe t hat it w il l be u s efu l t o fo o d t echn o l o gis t s in in du s t r y an dal s o t o o t her s en gaged in r es ear ch in t o pr o bl em o f s en s o r y ev al u at io n o ffo o ds.A n at t em pt has cl ear l y been m ade t o co l l ect ev er y

30、 po s s ibl e pieceo f in fo r m at io n w hich m ight be u s efu l,m o r e t han o n e t ho u s an d fiv e hu n dr edr efer en ces bein g q u o t ed.A s a r es u l t,t he bo o k s eem s at fir s t s ight t obe an ex hau s t iv e an d cr it ical l y u s efu l r ev iew o f t he l it er at u r e.T his

31、 itcer t ain l y is,bu t t his is by n o m ean s it s o n l y achiev em en t,fo r t her e ar em an y s u gges t io n s fo r fu r t her l in es o f r es ear ch,an d t he dis cu r s iv epas s ages ar e cr is pl y pr o v o cat iv e o f n ew ideas an d n ew w ay s o f l o o k in g ates t abl is hed fin

32、din gs.O f par t icu l ar in t er es t is t he w eight giv en t o t he ps y cho l o gicalas pect s o f per cept io n,bo t h o bj ect iv el y an d s u bj ect iv el y.T he r el at io nbet w een s t im u l i an d per cept io n is w el l co v er ed,an d in cl u des a v al u abl edis cu s s io n o f t he

33、 u s es an d dis adv an t ages o f t he W eber fr act io n inev al u at io n o f differ en ces.I t is in t er es t in g t o fin d t hat in s pit e o f m an yat t em pt s t o s epar at e an d defin e t he m o dal it ies o f t as t e,n o t hin g bet t erhas been achiev ed t han t he fam il iar cl as s

34、 ificat io n in t o s w eet,s o u r,s al t yan d bit t er.N o r is t her e as y et an y cl ear-cu t ev iden ce o f t he phy s io l o gicaln at u r e o f t he t as t e s t im u l u s.W it h r egar d t o s m el l,s y s t em s o fcl as s ificat io n ar e o f l it t l e v al u e becau s e o f t he ex t

35、r ao r din ar ys en s it iv it y o f t he n o s e an d becau s e t he r es po n s e t o t he s t im u l u s is s os u bj ect iv e.T he au t ho r s s u gges t t hat a cl as s ificat io n bas ed o n t he s iz e,s hape an d el ect r o n ic s t at u s o f t he m o l ecu l e in v o l v ed m er it s fu r

36、t herin v es t igat io n,as do es t he t heo r et ical pr o po s it io n t hat w eak phy s icalbin din g o f t he s t im u l an t m o l ecu l e t o t he r ecept o r s it e is a n eces s ar y par to f t he m echan is m o f s t im u l at io n.A par t fr o m t as t e an d s m el l,t her e ar e m an y o

37、 t her co m po n en t s o fper cept io n o f t he s en s at io n s fr o m fo o d in t he m o u t h.T he bas ic m o dal it ieso f pain,co l d,w ar m t h an d t o u ch,t o get her w it h v ibr at io n s en s e,dis cr im in at io n an d l o cal iz at io n m ay al l pl ay a par t,as,o f co u r s e,do es

38、au dit o r y r ecept io n o f bo n e-co n du ct ed v ibr at o r y s t im u l i fr o m t he t eet h8when eating crisp or crunchy foods.In this connection the authors rightlypoint out that this type of stimulus requires much more investigation,suggesting that a start might be made by using subjects af

39、flicted withvarious forms of deafness.It is well-known that extraneous noise mayalter discrimination,and the attention of the authors is directed to thework of Prof.H.J.Eysenck on the“stimulus hunger”of extroverts andthe“stimulus avoidance“of introverts.词汇注释1.preservation2.sensory appeal3.grow out o

40、f this course4.exhaustive5.discursive6.be provocative of7.crisp8.perception9.modalitymodality of taste（味）10.discrimination11.localization12.merit13.crunchy14.extraneous15.extrovert16.introvert保鲜，保存感官的魅力脱颖而出详尽的，无遗漏的推论的引起争论/兴趣等的有力的，有劲儿的感觉，知觉，直觉方式感觉道鉴别力地区性，定位值得，有价值嘎吱作响的外部的外向性格的人内向性格的人 听力原文波兰有一句谚语说：鱼，要想

41、味道正，需要游三次泳，在水里游，在（黄）油里游,在酒里游。食品工业基础科学家的最初努力主要是改善安全和营养食品的准备、储存和分销上。对于二战时吃过的某些食品的记忆表明，虽然这些食品可能是安全和有营养的，但它们的味道肯定不正，特别是在色、香上难以增进食欲。令人高兴的是，对食品感官要求方面的忽略已经成了过去。现在，在 食品的感官评价原理一书中，作者希望它不但对食品行业中的科技人员有用，而且对其他从事食品感官评价问题研究的人有所帮助。（该书）无疑收集了各种可能有用的信息，引用了 1,500多份参考资料。结果，第一眼看上去，该书好像是一种文字详尽且具有专业价值的评论。确实如此，但这并不是该书的惟一成就

42、。因为书中还有许多关于进一步研究的建议，而且推论性的篇章也明确谈到了看待现有成果的新方法和新思路。特别有趣的是它着重对感觉方面的主客观因素进行了心理描述。不仅很好地描述了感觉和刺激的关系，还包括了一篇很有价值的讨论文章：讨论韦伯分数9在差异评价上的缺点和实用性。有一个发现很有趣：虽然费了很多精力去划分和定义味道的特征，但哪一种都不如常见的甜、酸、咸和苦的分类，更何况味觉刺激的生理特性也没有明确的证据。至于嗅觉，由于鼻子特别灵敏，对外界刺激的反应主观性很强，所以任何分类体系对它都没有价值。由此，作者建议，一种基于参与分子的大小、形状和电子形态而建立的分类方法很值得我们进一步研究，作者还同样建议进

43、一步研究一个理论前提，那就是，刺激物分子和受体区域之间弱的物理结合是刺激生理机能的必要组成部分。除了味觉和嗅觉，嘴中食物还会产生许多其他的感觉。基本的形式包括痛、冷、热、触碰，加上振动感、鉴别力和位置等，都可能起作用。当然，像在吃脆硬或嘎嘎作响的食品时，听觉还会接受来自牙齿骨操纵的振动刺激。在这方面，作者恰当地指出，这种类型的刺激需要更多的研究，并建议用各种耳聋病人作为研究起点。众所周知，外部的噪音也会改变分辩力，于是作者的注意力又转向了H J埃森克教授提出的，有关外向人的“刺激渴望”和内向人的“刺激回避”方面的研究成果。第 22题：The reviewer uses a Polish pro

44、verb at the beginning of the article in orderto.A.introduce,in an interesting manner,the discussion of food.B.show the connection between food and nationality of food.C.indicate that there are various ways to prepare food.D.impress upon the reader the food value of fish.参考答案：A答案解析：A 以有趣的方式开始介绍食品讨论。文

45、章一开始，评者就用“波兰有一谚语说，鱼，要想品味正，应游泳三次一一在水里游，在油里游和在酒中游。”这是国外广告式论说文经常采用的一种写作方式。目的是吸引读者，激起他们想读下去的欲望，以达到推广作用。B 表明食品和国籍的关系。C 表明有各种准备食品的方法。D 加深读者对鱼的价值的影响，三项都不对。第 23题：The reviewers appraisal of“Principles of Sensory Evaluation of F ood”is one of.A.mixed feelings.B.indifference.C.high praise.D.faint praise.参考答案：C

46、答案解析：C 评价高。评论者当然对此书评价极高，这是序言的必然途径。贬的就是批评文章了。全篇文章也说明这点。第 24题:10The writer of the article does not express the view,either directly orby implication,that.A.sharply defined classifications of taste are needed.B.more research should be done regarding the molecular constituencyof food.C.food values are o

47、bjectively determined by an expert“smeller”.D.temperature is an important factor in the value of food.参考答案：C答案解析：c 食品的价值由专家的嗅觉客观地决定。这和第二段后半段的内涵有联系。他说,味道可分甜、酸、咸、辣，而味觉的生理性却无明确无误的证据。“至于（嗅觉）闻，由于鼻子特别灵敏，对外界刺激的反应主观性强，所以任何分类体系都无价值。”作者建议以“大小、形状和涉及分子电子态为基础的分类值得进一步探讨研究，就象理论性前提一样。刺激物分子和受体之间弱的物理结合是刺激生理机能的必要组成部份。

48、”这段文章谈到味觉、嗅觉但并没有直接或简接表达这种观点：食品的价值是通过专家的嗅觉客观判定。A 需要明确无误的味觉分类。酸、咸、辣就是味觉道分类。B有关食品分子构成应进行更多的研究。文内也讲到有关分子电子态应进一步研究。D 温度是食品评价中的一个因素。文内只在第三段 提 到“除了味觉、嗅觉外，口中食品还有其他许多种感觉成份，基本形式为痛、冷、热、触碰以及振动感、鉴别力和位置等都可能起作用。”作者直接说明热是可能有作用的。第 25题：The authors of the book suggest the use of deaf subject becauseA.deaf people are g

49、enerally introversive.B.the auditory sense is an important factor in food evaluation.C.they are more fastidious in their choice of foods.D.all types of subjects should be used.参考答案：B答案解析：B 听觉在食品评价中是一个重要因素。这在第三段内提到。除了味觉和嗅觉外，口中食品还会产生许多其他感觉。基本可分为痛、冷、热、触碰以及振动感，鉴别力和地区性都可能起作用。就像在吃脆硬或嘎嘎作响的食品时，听觉接受了来自牙齿骨操纵的

50、振动刺激。在这方面，作者正确地指出这种刺激需进行更多探讨研究，建议运用受各种听不见痛苦折磨的病人作起点研究。众所周知，外部的噪声会改变分辨力和注意力。”这说明 B听觉在食品评价中起重要作用，是对的。A 聋子一般是内向的。C 他们在选择食品时很挑剔。D 各种物体都应当应用。都和本文无关。The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts,unalloyed,unslanted,objectively selected facts.But in these days of complex newsit must provide more；it m