新视野视听说第四册Unit1.pdf

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1、UintlIL Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptM:F m beside myself with joy.f m so lucky.Guess what?T ve won a litof money in the lottery.W:Yeah?Well,you do know that money is the root of all evil,right?Q:What does the woman mean?2.ScriptW:Mary was furious.Her son wrecked up her car.M:He shouldn,t have dri

2、ven a car without a driver*s license.He*s stilltaking driving lesson.Q:What do we know about Mary*s son?3.ScriptM:Susan,I hear you re going to marry that guy.Some people think youzII regret it.W:Is that so?Only time tell.Q:What does the woman imply?4.ScriptM:Mary,I just want to say how sorry I was t

3、o learn of your mother spassing.I know how close you two were?W:Thank you.It was so sudden.F M still in a state of shock I dont knowwhat to do.Q:Which of following is true?5.ScriptW:I get furious at work when my opinions aren*t considered justbecause F m a woman.M:You should air your view more empha

4、tically and demand that yourvice be heard.Q:What is the woman complaining about?Keys:l.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.DIII.Listening InTask 1:Soft answers turn away wrath.Mary:Dam!You re spilled red wine on me.My new dress is ruined.John:I m terrible sorry!What can I do to help?Here s some water towash it off.Mary

5、:Stop splashing water on me!Oh,this is so embarrassing!T m amess.John:Well,you do look a little upset.Please don t blow up.Don*t loseyour cool.Mary:Hmm,you*ve got the nerve talking like that!Who shouldn,t flyoff the handle?This dress cost a fortune.John:You look really cute when you re mad.I kid you

6、 not.Some peopledo look attractive when they are in a rage.Mary:This is very expensive dress.I saved for months to buy it,and nowit s ruined.Look at this stain!John:Accidents do happen.Give me your dress,and I II take it to thecleaners.Mary:Sure!You want me to take it off right here in public and gi

7、ve it toyou?I donz t even know you!John:This might be a really goof time to get acquainted,f m John Owen.Mary:Mmm,at least you*re polite.I guess I really shouldn t have flaredup.After all,it was an accident.I m Mary Harvey.John:Come on.I II take you home.You can change your clothes,and III get the d

8、ress cleaned for you.Mary:Now you re talking.Thanks.You re a real gentleman.John:You1 d better believe it.F m glad to see that you*ve cooled down.Feel look a bite to eat afterward?I m starving.Mary:Ok.You1 re pretty good.V m not nearly as mad.If you can get thisstain out,F II be very happy.John:f II

9、 try my best.But if I can*t get the stain out,please don1 t letyour happiness turn to wrath.1.Which of the following would be the best title for the dialog?2.Why does the woman get angry?3.What does the man say to please the woman when she looks angry?4.Why does the woman say the man is a real gentl

10、eman?5.What is the man,s final proposal?Keys:ID 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.CTask 2:Big John is coming!ScriptA bar owner in the Old West has just hired a timid bartender.This(SI)owner of the establishment is giving his new hire some instructions on(S2)running the place.He tells the timid man,“If you ever hear tha

11、t BigJohn is coming to town,(S3)drop everything and run for the hills!He sthe biggest,nastiest(S4)outlaw who,s ever lived!,A few weeks pass(S5)uneventfully.But one afternoon,a local cowhandcomes running through town(S6)yelling,“Big John is coming!Run foryour(S7)lives!”When the bartender leaves the b

12、ar to start running,he is knocked to theground by several townspeople rushing out of town.(S8)As he s pickinghimself up,he sees a large man,almost seven feet tall.He s muscular,and is growing as he approaches the bar.He steps up to the door,orders the poor barkeep inside,and demands,want a beer NOW!

13、He strikes his heavy fist on the bar,splitting it in half.(S9)The bartendernervously hands the big man a beer,hands shaking.He takes the beer,bites the top of the bottle off,and downs the beer in one gulp.As the terrified bartender hides behind the bar,the big man gets up toleave,“Do you want anothe

14、r beer?the bartender asks in a tremblingvoice.“Dang it,I don t have time!w the big man yells,(S10)I got to get outof town!Don t you hear Big John is coming?,Task3:A View of HappinessScriptDr.Smith has proposed a reasonable,if perhaps somewhat oversimplifies,view of happiness.According to his theory,

15、happiness might bedescribed as a state if balance.And when human or certain animalsachieve that balance,they rend to remain in that condition in order torepeat the happy feeling.To illustrate this,we may study two magnets.When their positive andnegative poles meet,they are comfortably joined,and the

16、y remain there.In other words,they have attained a balance or state of happiness.If onthe other hand,one of the poles is reversed,and positive pole is pressesagainst positive pole,there is resistance,instability,imbalance a state ofunhappiness.Animals with some degree of intelligence seem to find ha

17、ppiness inreinforcement.Once they have gained one or more of their goals such asfood,and water,they learn to repeat the actions that led to satisfactionof those goals.This repetition or reinforcement produces a state ofbalance or sense of happiness.According to this theory,only animals with a signif

18、icant capacity to learnshould be able to experience happiness.But in truth learning can takeplace through surprisingly simple short-term action such as scratchingan itch,followed by pleasure,followed by more scratching,and so on.Thus learning can occur with almost no conscious thought.For human bein

19、gs,blessed with the ability to reason,goals are notlimited to the short-term satisfaction of needs.Indeed,there is a stronglink between happiness and the fulfillment of long-term goals.Even ifhuman strive for goals that are more complex and longer-term than theanimals goals,once those goals are gain

20、ed,happiness is reinforced.1.Why does the speaker mention magnets?2.According to the passage,what may animals do after they have gotfood?3.Which of the following is true according to the speaker?4.What does the speaker say is special about the goals of humanbeings?5.Which of the following best captu

21、res the main idea of the passage?Keys:ID 2.C3.B 4.D 5.AIV.Speaking OutMODEL 1 Don7 t let it get to you!Susan:You look so angry.What happened?Chris:Nothing I*d rather not talk about it.Just donz t ask.Susan:Come on.Relax.Talk to me.Chris:All right.This morning I took my car to the garage to check the

22、 airconditioner.They 0nly gave it a quick look,refilled it with someFreon,and charged me 300bucks!Susan:No wonder you re livid.F d be mad too if someone ripped me offlike that.Chris:Yeah.And they were rude.They said I didn,t know anything aboutcars,which I don t,but they didn t have to be blunt!Susa

23、n:Sounds like you got a raw deal!Chris:What1 s worse,as I was leaving,I herd then saying,Don t trustthat guy.He looks broke.When I heard that,I almost hit the roof.Susan:Don t let it get to you.Better ignore them.Chris:I agree.I did manage to keep my cool.Susan:Well,the best thing you can do is to f

24、ile a complaint with theConsumer Protection Agency.Chris:sounds like a good idea.MODEL2 r m too depressed.ScriptSusan:Chris,I hear you ve been down in the dumps,so I ve come tocheer you up.Chris:If s not gong o work.I m too depressedSusan:Come,on.Tell me what s on your mind.Chris:Everything.My girlf

25、riend left me;my dog ran away;my wallet wasstolen.Susan:Don t worry.I II help you solve the biggest problem:finding youa new girlfriend.Chris:Forget it.Anyway,f m getting bad grades,and I was told that Yd have to repeat a lot of courses next year.When I heard that,Ialmost lost it.Susan:Look,relax.V

26、II help you with those courses.Chris:Yeah,but I also have three week*s laundry to do.,and my room isa pigsty.Susan:Forget it.You re on your own.Chris:Come,on.What are friends for?Susan:To keep you in high spirits;not to do your laundry.MODEL3 You seem to be on top of the world.ScriptNora:Oh,hey,John

27、!John:Hey!Nora:You seem to be on top of the world tonight.What s up?John:J m so happy I m about t。burst.Guess what?Nora:You ve got me.John:It might be true that misfortunes never come singly,but you canalso have a double blessing.And that s what I had.Nora:You mean you ve had two happy events in you

28、r life?John:Exactly.You know,I was strong in all subjects except physics.NowF ve finally passed the test the one I needed t。qualify for a Bachelors degree.Nora：Congratulations!You d failed it three times.Now wonder you re beaming.Whaf s the other good news?John：The multinational I was dong my field

29、project at offered me a job at a goodstaring salary.Nora:Wow,wonderful,simple wonderful.John：I feel like celebrating.Shall we go to a bar?Nora:Why not?Now Your TurnTask 1SAMPLE DIALOGA:You look furious.What happened?B:Nothing,f d rather not talk about it.Just don t ask.A:Come on.You shouldn t keep y

30、our feeling to yourself.You need to letoff some stream.So,talk tome.B:All right.This morning I went to a shop to buy a digital camera,I onlyneed an ordinary one.It is enough for my tours in the summer vacation.Buy they persuaded me to buy a professional camera,which cost threetimes as much.A:But you

31、 were willing to buy for it.Anyway,it must work better.B:You see,I know next to nothing about photography.So they simplytricked me into buying an expensive one.A:No wonder you*re livid with rage.T d be mad too if I were robbed likethat What are you going to do?B:I already went back to them and asked

32、 to exchange it for a cheaperone.A:What did they say?B:Oh,they were rude.They insisted that they hadn,t encouraged me tobuy a professional camera,and that I bought it myself.A:Sounds like you got a raw deal!B:What1 s worse,as I was leaving,I heard they say,“That guy looks broke.Heshouldn,t have boug

33、ht any camera.A:Don,t let it get to you.Better ignore their rude remarks.B:I agree.I did manage to keep my cool.A:Well,the best thing you can do is to file a complaint with theConsumer Protection Agency.If they talk to the shop,maybe they willgive you a refund.B:Sounds too good to be true.V.Let s Ta

34、lkScriptHello,everyone.Today I invite you to join me in an exploration off thecauses of depression.There ate many factors involved,but I believe somedeserve special attention.Heredity certainly plays a role.The tendency to develop depression maybe inherited;there is evidence that this disorder may r

35、un in families.Physiology is another factor related to depression.There may bechanges or imbalances in chemicals which transmit information in thebrain called neurotransmitters.Many modern antidepressant drugsattempt to increase levels of certain neurotransmitters so as to increasebrain communicatio

36、n.While the causal relationship is unclear;it is knownthat antidepressant medications do reliever certain symptoms ofdepression.Researchers also study psychological factors.They include the complexdevelopment of ones personality and how one has learned to cope withexternal environmental factors,such

37、 as stress.It is freeqently observedthat low self-esteem and self-defeating thinking are connected withdepression.While it is not clear which is the cause and which is the effect,it is known that sufferers who are able to make corrections to theirthinking patterns can show improved mood and self-est

38、eem.Another factor causing depression is one s early experiences.Eventssuch as the death of a parent,the divorce of the parents,neglect,chronicillness,and severe physical abuse can also increase the likelihood ofdepression later in life.Some present experiences may also lead to depression.Job loss,f

39、inancial difficulties,long periods of unemployment,the loss of a spouseor other family member,or other painful events may trigger depression.Long-term stress at home,work,or school can also be involved.It is worth nothing that those living with someone suffering fromdepression experience increased a

40、nxiety which adds to the possibility oftheir also becoming depressed.Depression-causing FactorsProblem DescriptionSolutionHeredityIt is inherited and run infamilies.Physiologychanges or imbalances inchemicals calledneurotransmitters,whichtransmit information in thebrainAntidepressantdrugs relieve ce

41、rtainsymptoms ofdepression.PsychologicalFactorsLow self-esteem andself-defeatinq thinking areconnected with depression.Sufferers who makecorrection to theirthinking patterns canshow improvedmood andself-esteem.Early ExperiencesEvent like the death of aparent,the divorce ofparents,neglect,chronicilln

42、ess,and severe physicalabuse can increase thelikelihood of depression.PresentExperiencesJob loss,financialdifficulties,long periods ofunemployment,the loss of aspouse or other familymember,or long-term stressmay trigger depression.Living withsomebody withdepressionThis causes increasedanxiety,which

43、adds to thepossibility of their alsobecoming depressed.VI.Further Listening and SpeakingTaskl:Reason and EmotionScriptEmotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason;s is suggestedby phrase such as appeal to emotions rather than reason and dont let your emotions take over.Emotional reactions

44、 sometimes produceconsequences or thoughts which people may later regret or disagreewith;but during an emotional state,they could not control their actions.Thus,it is generally believed that one of the most distinctive facts abouthuman beings is a contradiction between emotion and reason.However,rec

45、ent empirical studies do not suggest there is a cleardistinction between reason and emotion.Indeed,anger or fear can oftenbe thought of as an instinctive response to observed fact.The humanmind possesses many possible reactions to the external world.Thosereactions can lie on a continuum,with some of

46、 them involving theextreme of pure intellectual logic,which is often called cold,andothers involving the extremes of pure emotion not related to logicalagreement,which is called“the heat of passion”.The relation logic andemotion merits careful study.Passion,emotion,or feeling can reinforcean argumen

47、t,event one based primarily on reason.This is especially truein religion or ideology,which frequently demands an all-or-nothingrejection or acceptance.In such areas of thought,human beings have toadopt a comprehensive view partly backed by empirical argument andpartly by feeling and passion.Moreover

48、,several researchers havesuggested that typically there is no pure decision or thought;that is,no thought is based purely on intellectual logic or Mpurely onemotionmost decisions are founded on a mixture of both.1.What results does the speaker may some from emotional reactions?2.What is the popular

49、belief about reason and emotion?3.What does the speaker mean by cold?4.According to the passage,what should people do in religiousmatters?5.What is the speaker*s conclusion?Keys:l.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.DTask 2:DepressionScriptPat:You look depressed.Are you feeling blue?F ve come to cheer youup.Ted:But the

50、re*s nothing that can cheer me up.T m down in the dumps.Life s miserablePat:You have to try to get your mind off things.Ted:Butl can/1.1 just feel there,s too much pressure on me sometimes!Pat:You can*t let things get you down.Learn to relax and stop worryingall the time.What s your problem?Ted:I fa