职称英语-职称英语综合类b级模拟31.pdf

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1、职称英语综合类B级模拟31第1部分：词汇选项下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。1 I am in favor of h is p la n b ecau se i t is re a s o n a b le.A.r e je c tsu p p o rtB.a c c e p tC.chooseD.2、The m anager gave us a brief in tro d u c tio n ab o u t t h i s com pany.A.s h o rtlo n gB.d e ta ile dC.form alD.3、A ft

2、e r c a r e fu l c o n s id e ra tio n,he d e c id e d to give 叩 th e id e a.A.m entiondropB.a c c e p tC.c o n sid e rD.4、The new s tu d e n ts w ere surprised by w hat th e y saw on cam pus.A,movedw o rrie dB.to u ch edC.shockedD.5、The l i t t l e boy was sad b ecau se he had made a big m is ta k

3、e.A.la rg ebadB.s e rio u sC.goodD.6、We can o n ly depend on o u rs e lv e sA.stemd e p riv eB.r e lyin s te a d o f o th e r s.C.d ev elo pD.7 They have th e competence to ta k eA.p o s s i b i l i t yc a p a c ityB.r e a l i t yD.p r o b a b ilityth is jo b.C.8、The horrible newsA.a t t r a c t i v

4、 ein te r e s tin gr e a lly made us sad.B.t e r r i b l eD.s e rio u sC.9、T hat is th e o n ly key to th e q u e s tio n ask ed by th e te a c h e r.A.problemansw erB.m istak eC.r e s u ltD.10、I t is o b v io u s th a t he w ill w in th e game at last.A.lik e lyc le a r lyB.p o s s ib lyD.f i n a l

5、 l yC.11、They can put up withA.b e a rre fu s eth e po o r liv in g c o n d itio n.B.a c c e p tC su p p o rtD.12 The g o v ern o r gaveA.u n c le a rvaguea r a th e r determined e x p la n a tio n to th e p u b lic.B.firmC.s h o rtD.13、The p o lic e gave aA.alarmlo t o f aid d u rin g th e a c c id

6、 e n t.f ig h tB.h e lpC.c a llD.14、These programmesA.naturaleaormousare of immense importance to the young students.B.fatalC.slightD.15 A great deal hasA.changeharmbeen done to better the situation.B.improveC.assessD.第2部分：阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句信

7、息文中没有提及，请选择C。2.The Roots of Genea logyGenealogy（家系学）z the study of family history,is the second most popularhobby in America today.Millions of Americans spend their free time tryingto trace their family lines,some reaching as far back as a thousand years.This interest in family history is not n e w.

8、Many people remember their ancestorsand honor them by passing on family names or keeping their stories alive.In fact,as a country,America showed its first real interest in genealogyin the 1890s.At this time,organizations such as the Daughters of the AmericanRevolution were created to connect people

9、with ancestors who played a partin early American history.But America 1 s interest in genealogy has grown overthe past few decades,largely for two reasons.One of the causes of genealogys most recent growth in popularity mightbe Alex Haleys book Roots z which follows one man*s family through slaverya

10、nd all the way back to 18th century Africa.In one year,more than one millioncopies of the book were sold.In 1977,Roots was made into a television mini series,which was watched by approximately 130 million people.At the time,that wasthe biggest audience any television program had ever had.People not

11、only-enjoyed the story of Rootsz but also were interested in the idea that oneman could learn so much about his family*s history.The idea that a man livingin America in the twentieth century might have a direct link to importantmoments in history inspired many Americans to do their own genealogical

12、studiesand trace their own threads in the fabric of world history.The Internet has also contributed to the enormous popularity of genealogytoday because it is so convenient and vast.Before the Internet z people hadto go to libraries and public records facilities to find information abouttheir ancest

13、ors.But now,with a computer,anyone can access thousands ofgenealogy websites.While many of these websites contain useful informationand resources,the Internet also provides people with the opportunity to meethundredsz even thousands of other genealogists.Occasionally,genealogistseven meet distant me

14、mbers of their own families and are able to share valuableresearch with each other.16、Genealogy is a very new hobby in America today.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned17、In the 1890sz organizations were formed to help Americans remember theirancestors.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned18 The Daughters of

15、the American Revolution was among top organizations then.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned19 Alex Haley was not a successful writer.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned20、People enjoyed Roots because it showed them they could learn so much abouttheir ancestors.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned21、The Interact

16、 has replaced libraries and public records facilities in thestudy of genealogy.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned22、Genealogists are rich and respectable.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子下面的短文后有2项测试任务：第23 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1 4段每段选择1个最佳标题；第27 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Geology and Health1 The

17、 importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realizedwithin the Dast few decades,and the idea that geology might be related tohealth has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine,zinc andselenium.For example,soils with low iodine contents produce crops z and animalsdefic

18、ient in iodine.A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some seriousdiseases.2 The ultimate source of metals within the human body is rocks,which weatherinto soil,gaining or losing some of their chemical constituents.The cropswe eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require

19、forgrowth.The water we drink contains trace elements leached from rock and soil.Thus the geology and geochemistry of the environments have effects on thechemistry and health of plants,animals and people.3 So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-richsoils experience a potential

20、 health hazard.The levels of metals withinnaturally contaminated soils are generally not high enough to cause serioushealth problems.Living on metal-rich soils does not represent a health riskunless large quantities of soil are digested or metal-rich dust is inhaled.However,small children are partic

21、ularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil inplaygrounds and gardens.They are also the most likely ones to eat potentiallydangerous metal-rich soil.4 Heavy metals are persistent；they do not break down to other chemicalsin the environment.Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensiveclean-up and re

22、habilitation because heavy metals are a health concern oncethey enter the food chain.Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer andare also known to cause poisoning.5 In contrastz naturally contaminated soils have not been subject to riskassessment studies and rehabilitation measures,despite the

23、fact that theyfrequently possess metal concentrations well above those of such pollutedby humans and above environmental quality criteria.6 There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-termhealth effects of living on naturally contaminated soils.Future environmentalinvestigations

24、 of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on the potentialpathways of metals into the food chain and human body.Geologists should bepart of such studies as they can provide the essential background informationon rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution.A.N

25、o evidence to indicate bad effects of naturally contaminated soilB.Potential hazards of human contaminated soilsC.Research on channels of heavy metals getting into human food chainD.Geology and health problemsE.Rocks-the ultimate source of soil pollutionF.Long-term health effects on children23、Parag

26、raph 124、Paragraph 325、Paragraph 426、Paragraph 6A.industrially polluted soilsB.rock and soil chemistryC.naturally polluted soilsD.the pathways of metals into the food chainE.the element of iodineF.the persistence of heavy metals27、Some serious diseases are connected with deficiency of.28、Geologists

27、are indispensable in the research proj ect on geology and healthdue to their knowledge on.29、Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-updue to.30、It is extremely necessary to study the long-term effects caused by livingon.第4部分：阅读理解下面有3篇短文，文后有5道题。请根据短文内容为每题定一个最佳选项。笛笛Are G8 Cli

28、mate Targets Realistic?The commitment by G8 nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80%by 2050.Nothing else than a top-to-bottom refit can do the job.Virtually all electricity generation will have to come from renewables,nuclear power or so-called1 clean coal if that technology can be made tow

29、ork on a commercial scale.The amount of electricity generated in Western countries will have to risesignificantly doubling or even treblingas transport and the heating systemsfor homes and businesses switch away-fromfossilfuels.Alongside a re-fuelling revolution would go a frugality revolution,assoc

30、ieties put an end to energy wastage.But so far,leaders have not talked collectively of how start this revolution.And that is what makes some suspicious that the big targets are more aboutdressing windows than about re-writing the world*s energy rulebook.Another generator of suspicion is that the tar

31、get is dim in the futureatime when,as the UKs climate and energy secretary Ed Miliband admits,noneof the leaders setting the target are likely to be in office and able to beheld accountable.Do governments set targets on,say z the number of people in higher education41 year in advance?Generally speak

32、ing,they do n o t.The EU and Japan have set 2020 targets domestically,and legislation goingthrough the US Congress should lead to a commitment from Washington too.Many EU nations are in reality struggling to meet even their far more modestKyoto Protocol commitments.Funding headacheSo now,G8 leaders

33、will try to persuade some major developing countriesto have global emissions by 2050.Governments such as China 1s that are concerned about climate impacts mayfind the figure desirable.But they are unlikely to be impressed with what they see as fine wordsfrom the West unmatched by real short-term com

34、mitments.Unmatched,too,by money.So if the West wants the developing world togo through its own energy revolution,it is going to have to fund a lot ofi t.This time developing country governments are likely to want to see themoney itself rather than some amorphous pledge.31 How much emissions reductio

35、n is set by G8 nations by 2050?A.By 20%B.By 80%C.To 80%D.To 50%32 According to the passage；what is NOT mentioned as things should be doneto achieve the target?A.All electricity should be from renewable sources.B.The transportation and heating systems should get rid of fossil fuels.C.No energy waste

36、will take place.D.The demand on electricity will be reduced.33、What is the meaning of dressing windows?A.A body-sized mirror for people to look up when dressingB.A window where the dressings are exhibitedC.A presentation that misleads people1s judgementD.A kind of decoration used in house design34、W

37、hat is NOT the reason why this target is suspectable in its convinceness?A.The leaders who set the target will be retire in 2020,and are notaccountable anymore.B.Usually governments won*t set a target for future with such an extentedtime span.C.The western countries are not cooperative in reducing g

38、as emmissions.D.Many EU nations are difficult to meet a morderate target in reducingemmission now.35、According the passage,what the West should do to propel the developingconutry to take part in the revolution?A.To reduce their own gas emission to set an example.B.To provide financial support to the

39、 developing countries.C.To provide techinical support to the developing countries.D.To listen to the poorest countries*voices z this time.弟一 扁Large Thighs May Protect HeartMen and women with thighs over 60cm(23.6in)in circumference have a lowerrisk of heart disease and early death z a study of 3,000

40、 people suggests.The relationship remains even when body fat z smoking and blood cholesterolare taken into account,a Danish team says.Those with narrow thighs may not have enough muscle mass to deal with insulinproperly,raising the risk of diabetes and,in turn,heart disease,they say.Some said it was

41、 too early to change current advice on eating and exercisefor heart health.The study,published in the British Medical Journal,followed men and womenin Denmark for more than 10 years.They were measured for height,weight and thigh,hip and waist circumferenceand their overall percentage of body fat was

42、 calculated.The thigh measurementwas taken just below the gluteal fold,which is the crease caused by yourbuttocks.Researchers also looked at the activity levels of the participants,whetherthey smoked,their blood pressure and cholesterol levels.They then monitored incidence of heart disease over 10 y

43、ears and deathrates over 12-and-a -half years.The team at the Copenhagen University Hospital found that those with thesmallest thighsbe-low 55cmhad twice the risk of early death or serioushealth problems.Professor Befit Heitmann,who led the research,said：n The increased riskwas independent of abdomi

44、nal and general obesity and lifestyle andcardiovascular risk factors such as blood pressure.nAdditionally we found that the risk was more highly related to thighcircumference than to waist circumierence.nThe nice thing is that if you have a small thigh you call do somethingabout it through exercise.

45、nPrevious studies have suggested that a waist circumference of over35in(88.9cm)for a woman and 40in(101.Sera)for a man indicated a high riskof developing diabetes and heart disease.Professor Heitmann1 s team says the risk of narrow thighs could be associatedwith too little muscle mass.They say this

46、can lead to the body not responding to insulin properly,increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes and,in the long-run,heart disease.36、According to the passage,why is it believed that people with narrow thighsmay have higher risks of heart disease?A.Because smoking can increase insulin.B.Because high b

47、lood cholestrol can destroy insulin.C.Because body fat can increase insulin.D.Because there are no enough muscle mass to deal with insulin.37、What did the research NOT do with the participants in the study?A.To measure their height and weight.B.To measure their thigh,hip and waist circumference.C.To

48、 calculate their body blood percentage.D.To change their eating habit.38、According to Professor Befit Heitmann,which one of the following elementsis most closely related to the risk of heart disease?A.Blood pressure.B.Thighs circumference.C.Waist circumference.D.Obesity.39、According to the passage,w

49、hat is traditionally seen as indicators ofhigh risk of heart disease for women?A.a Waist circumference of over 35in(88.9cm)B.a waist circumference of over 40in(101.6cm)C.an imbalanced dietD.a shortage of exercise40、What can NOT be inferred from this passage?A.It is traditionally believed that a too

50、large waist circumference canlead to heart disease.B.To have proper amount of muscle mass is important for maintaining health.C.Insulin is related to the type 2 diabetes.D.It is suggested that peoplez who have too small thighs,should eat moremeat.第-二-答Antibiotic Resistance Clue FoundUS scientists ha