专升本英语必背核心词汇.pdf

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1、专升本英语必背核心词汇1.able（adj.能够）/abilily（n.能力）/enable”.使能够）/unable（adj.不能的）/disable”.使丧失能力、使伤残）/disabled（adj.残疾的）/disability（n.残疾）able同根词用法一致,后接不定式。比较：be able to do sth./be capable of（doing）sth.2.动词词缀：en+adj./n.或 adj./n.+-enenable/enlarge/enrich/encourage/brighten/widen/worsen/sharpen/strengthen/heighten/l

2、engthen3.abandon v t.放弃,抛弃,放纵abandon oneself to,沉 溺 于（=be addicted to）；with abandon4.aboard adv.在 船（车）上，上船abroad adv.在国外，到国外board n.木板 on board在船上broad ad j.宽，宽阔5.absent ad j.不在，缺席（反：present）be absent from+place6.absolute ad j.完全，绝对7.absorb v t.吸取，吸引be absorbed in doing8.abundant adj.丰富，大量（=plentifu

3、l）be abundant in/with9.access n.通路，接近，入门 accessible易接近的，可使用的，可理解的have access to ，有权使用e.g.Citizens may have free access to the public library.10.accident n.意外事件，事故by accident 意 外 地（=by chance）（on purpose 故意）11.accompany v t.陪伴，陪伴12.accomplish v t.完毕,达到，实现 the task accomplishment n.成就13.account n.计算，帐

4、目,阐明，解释on account of 由于take.into account take-into consideration）account fo r解释，阐明14.accuse v t.指责，控告sh.（同:charge sb.with sth.因某事控告某人）e.g.He was accused of robbing the bank and sentenced ten years in jail.His mother charged him with being lazy.15.achieve v t.完毕，达到achievement n.成就，功绩16.action n.动作，行动

5、，举动take action to do sth.采用行动做某事（同：take measures to do sth.）17.actor n.男演员 actress n.女演员类似：waitress（女侍者，女服务生），hostess（女主人），princess（公主，王妃）18.adapt v t.使适应，改编adapt oneself to sth.（=adjust oneself to sth.）e.g.He adapted/adjusted himself very quickly to the weather in the country.比较：adopt v t.采用，收养adep

6、t ad j.娴熟的 be adept at.19.advance n.迈进，提高 v.迈进，提前in advance 提前20.advantage n.优势，有利条件（反：disadvantage n.不利条件，缺陷）have an advantage over 赛过，mtake advantage of 运用21.advertise v.为做广告advertisement/ad n.广告22.advise v t.劝告，忠告advise sb.to do sth.(强 调 动 作)advise doing sth.IHIHHpersuade sb.to do sth.(强调成果)注意：ad

7、vise宾语从句或It is advised that构造主语从句，需使用should型虚拟语调。advice n.忠告，建议23.afford v t.买得起，承担得起 sth.(a new car,vacation,etc.)to do sth.24.agree v i.批准，赞成agree H sb.agree|s t h.(通过讨论后)agree|sth.(plan,proposalagreement n.批准，一致 in-with 与,一 一致disagree v i.不一致，有分歧25.aim a t 以为目的，26.allow vt.m sb.to do sth.(=permit

8、 sb.to do sth.)allow doing sth.27.alternative n.可供选取办法，抉择have no but to do 别无选取，只得(=have no choice but to do)比较：have nothing to do but do28.amaze/astonish/surprise/shock v t.使吃惊ed ing29.ambition n.野心，雄心就达到一致,etc.)ambitious ad j.有雄心，野心勃勃30.amuse v t.娱乐，消遣-merit n.sb.with s t h.用某物逗/取悦某人 oneself by do

9、ing s t h.做某事来消遣31.analyze v t.分析，分解 analysis analyst32.ancient adj.远古，古代 times33.anniversary n.周年龄念 twentieth annual ad j.每年，年度34.anxious ad j.焦急，紧张be about/for sth,对be-to do sth.渴望做某事(=be eager to do=long to do)anxiety n.35.apology n.道歉 make an to sb.for sth.apologize v.道歉 to sb.for sth.36.appeal

10、v.呼吁，哀求37.apply v t.申请，应用-(to sb.)for s th.申请 sth.to(someplace)应用application n.申 请 applicant n.申 请人38.appoint v t.商定，任命appointment n.约会，商定(因工作需要)比较：date(男女约会)39.appreciate v t.赏识，鉴 赏,感激40.approach v t.接近 n.接近，办法，环节41.appropriate adj.恰当，恰当42.approve v t.赞成，批准of 赞同，赞成approval adj.disapprove v.43.arise

11、 v i.浮现，发生rise v i.升起，上升arouse v t.唤醒，唤起 one s curiosity,consciousnessraise vt.举 起44.arrest vt./n.逮捕,拘留under 被拘捕45.artificial ad j.人造，假（反：natural,genuine）46.assign v t.分派，指派 sb.to do sth.分派某人做某事 sth.to s b.分派某事给某人47.v t.使发生联系，使联合.H，.e.g.She always associated happiness with having money.48.assure vt.

12、向,保证-sb.that.e.g.He assured us that the train would be on time.使确信 sb.of sth.e.g.He assured her of his love.ensure v t.保证，保 证 sb.sth.保证某人获得某物e.g.These pills will you a good nights sleep.insure v t.给.保险 sb.insurance n.保证 sth.e.g.His talent and dedication will his success.49.attach v t.系，贴，附加 把贴上，放到上t

13、 o 强调，看 重（介词不用on）50.attack vt./n.攻打，袭击 under-51.attempt vt./n.尝试，企图-to d o 企图，努力in an to do.力图52.attention n.注意，关怀 pay to sth.53.attract vt.吸弓I attractive adj.attraction n.distract(反，v.)54.authority n.权威，威信，权威人士(pl.)the authorities 当局，官方author n.作者，作家authoritative ad j.权威，有权威authorize v.批准，授权 sb.to

14、do sth.55.automatic a d j.自动，无意识，机械automobile n.汽 车(=motor car)56.available a d j.能得到，可运用57.average n.平均 on 平均58.avoid v t.避免，消除avoidable ad j.可避免 u n a v o i d a b l e/a d j,不可避免，必然59.await v t.等待(=wait for)60.award n.奖品 v t.授予 be awarded sth.reward vt./n.报答，奖赏-sb.for sth.因而报答某人-sb.with sth.用报酬某人in

15、 fo r作为对回报61.aware/conscious adj.懂得，明白，意识到be o f 意识到62.awkward ad j.笨拙，尴尬63.bachelor n.单身汉，文理学士 a s degree 学士学位(master,doctor)64.backward adv./adj.向后地()-ward 向forward,upward,downward65.balance n.天平，平衡keep ones lose 66.bare ad j.赤裸，无遮蔽（身体局部）feet,arm,headnaked ad j,裸体，无遮盖（全身）67.base n.基本，依照地，基地（详细事物）v

16、 t.以 作基本be based o n 建立在基本上basis n.基本，基本，依照 on the of(theory,experiment)(ibasic ad j.基本68.bear n.熊v.承担，忍受 sth.in mind i己 住69.beat v.打，打败70.behalf n.利益，支持 on behalf of71.behave v i.举动，举止-oneselfbehavior n.举止，行为72.believe v.相信believe in 信任，信奉belief n.信任，信奉73.belong to(无被动态)e.g.The house belongs to him

17、74.benefit n.利益，好 处 vt.有益于，有助于to one对有利-from 从受益75.bitter adj.，严酷，难受76.blame v t.责怪，谴责(sb.)be to blame 该受责怪-sb.for sth.将归咎于某人77.bold ad j.大胆，勇敢，冒失78.bore v.使烦扰 boring（物）bored（人）79.bound ad j.有义务，注 定 be-to do 一定要，注定要adj.开往.去 be for spl.80.boundary n.边界，分 界 线（表白一区域外缘明显，具备限制作用线）border n.边界，国 界（两国之间边界线，

18、有分割政治实体作用）81.brief ad j.简短,短暂 in 简而言之（=in one word,to conclude,to be simple）82.business n.商业，交 易,事务o n 因公事，出差It s none of your 与你无关83.calm adj.安静，镇定，沉着 v.（使）安静，（使）镇定，平息84.campaign n.战役，（政治或商业性）活动，竞选运动（强调有目大规模军事行动）battle 一场战役中一次战斗侧重政治和精神斗争conflict指武力或思想上冲突champion n.冠军 champagne n.香槟酒85.campus n.校园 o

19、n schoolyard n.校园，运动场 in the86.cancel v t.取消,删去87.candidate n.候选人88.capture v t.俘获,捕获89.career n.事业，生涯，指终身从事事业。jo b 暗示可获得报酬工作。w ork覆盖范畴最广，不可数名词。profession强调受过高等教诲才干担任职务。90.case n.病例，案例，情形，场合in-o f 万一，在状况下in no case 决不(=under no circumstances,by no means,采用倒装句式）91.cash n.钞票 to pay in cash 用钞票支付92.cas

20、ual ad j.偶尔，随便，暂时93.celebrate v.庆祝，祝贺，表扬 celebration n.94.ceremony n.典礼，典礼95.certificate n.证书，证明书 birth 出生证明 marriage-结婚证96.challenge n.挑战 v t.向 挑战challenging a d j.富有挑战性97.H v.掌管，控诉，收费free of 免费in charge o f 负责，掌管in the charge o f 由负责,掌管charge sb.sth.控 告(=accuse sb.of sth.)98.cheat v.欺骗，骗取cheat sb.

21、into doing sth.骗某人去做某事cheat sb.out of sth.骗走某人某物99.check i n 登记入住 check o u t付账后离开100.1 adj.，首要，首席101.choice n.选取,抉择have no-but to do sth.别无选取，只能做某事(=have no alternative but to do)choose v.选取，选定102.classify v t.分类，分等 classification n.103.clarify v.澄清，阐明 clear adj.104.client n.客户，委托人105.climate n.（某地

22、区固有天气状况）weather n.天 气（某地区短时间内天气变化）106.coach n.长途汽车，教练 v.训练，指引107.colleague n.同事，同僚比较：college n.（综合大学中）学院bine v.（使）联合，（使）结合 combination n.A with B A and B109.discomfort n.不舒服comfortable ad j.舒服uncomfortable ad j.不舒服mand n.命令，掌握under one s 掌握之下comfort n./ment n./vi.评论 on sth.对作评论mit v t.犯（错误），干（坏事），承诺

23、 suicide,murder,mistake,errorbe committed to do sth.承诺做某事mittee n.委员会（为集合名词，看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作个体时,谓语动词用复数。又 如:class,police,group等。）mon ad j.共同，公共have much/little/nothing in-有 诸 多（很少/没有）共同之处 sense常识municate v.沟通，通信，传达communication n.with s b.和某人交流pare v.比较，相 比（涉及 similarity 和 difference）A.B将 A 与 B 进行比较

24、 AtoB 将 A 与 B 进行比较；将 A 比作B（侧重此义）e.g.Poets often compare death to sleep.contrast v t.使与 对比，使与 对 照（侧重difference）pensate v.偿还，补偿pete v i.比赛，竞争 with/against sb.for petition n.竞争，竞赛competitive ad j.竞争competitor n.竞争者competent ad j.有能力，胜任plain v.抱怨，悲叹，抱怨complaint n.抱怨，投诉 letter of 投诉信explain v.解释 f explan

25、ation plex ad j.复杂，综 合（普通构造上复杂）complicated a d j.复杂，难 解（不但构造上复杂，并且在理解上也很难）pose v.构成，写作be ed of 由一构成（=be made up of=consist of）component n.元件，组件composition n,构成，promise n./v.妥协，折衷123.concentrate v.集中，浓缩 o n 集中精力于124.concept n.观念,概念125.concern vt./n.涉及，（利害）关系，关怀as far as sb./sth.be concernedbe ed abou

26、t关怀be ed w ith牵涉到126.conclude v.结束，终结，作出结论 to 综上所述conclusion n.结论 draw/come to a-得出结论127.confess v.承 认,坦白，忏悔 to(doing)sth./供认做了(坏事)128.confidence n.信心 have inconfident a d j.自信，确信 b e o f对有信心类比：take pride in/be proud o f 为感到骄傲129.confront v t.使面临，对抗be ed with 面对，面临(=face up to)130.confuse vt.使困惑，使糊涂

27、 confusion n.ed,ing131.congratulate v t.祝贺，庆祝sb.on sth.132.considerable ad j.相称大(或多)，相称可观considerate ad j.考虑周到，体谅133.construction n.destruction n.破坏，毁灭destroy v.134.consult v.征询,请教，查阅 reference books,dictionary,authority with s b.与商量135.consume v t.消耗,消费consumer n.consumption136.content消费者n.，n.内容，目录

28、(pL)ad j.满足，满意137.contrary ad j.相反，逆on the 恰恰相反138.contact vt./n.接触,联系contract n.合同，契约contrast vi./n.对比，对照139.contribute v.贡献，捐助，投稿 to sth.(=lead to)140.control n./vt.控制，支配out of 失去控制under处在控制之下141.convenient ad j.便利，以便inconvenient adj.convenience n.contribution n.142.convinces使确信，使信服 sb.of sth.使某人相

29、信某事143.cooperate v i.合伙，协作 with s b.与合伙cooperation n.合伙，协作corporation n.公司144.cope v i.应付，解决 with 应付，解决(=deal with,do with)145.cost n.成本，价钱，代价at all c o s ts 无论如何the146.count on/depend on/rely on 依托，指望147.courage n.勇气，精神discourage v t.使灰心，阻碍encourage v t.勉励 sb.to do sth.courageous adj.有胆量148.create

30、v t.创造，创作creative ad j.创造性creation n.创造，创作物149.critical ad j.批 评（源自 criticize）,危急（源自 crisis）比较：crucial ad j.至关紧要,决定性150.current a d j,当前，流行-affairs时事流彳亍潮流n.电流，水流，气流151.daily ad j.每日，寻常n.日报152.danger n.危险，危险物in处在危险中dangerous adj.153.data n.资料，数据 datum（单数）类似：media n.媒体 medium（单数）154.deadline n.最后期限155

31、.deaf ad j.聋turn a ear to sb./sth.156.deceive v.欺骗，行骗 sb.into doing sth,(=cheat sb.into doing sth.)157.decide v.决定 to do s t h.决定做某事decision n,决定，决心 make a-to do sth.decisive a d j.决 定 性(=crucial)play a-role in s t h.在158.decrease v.减少 increase v t.增长，加大159.degree：to some/a certain degree(extent)在某种

32、限度上160.deliberately adv.故意地(=on purpose)161.delicious ad j.美味，可口 品 牌“得利斯”为音译162.delight n.高兴，高兴take a-i n 以为乐beed to d o 高兴去做163.deliver v t.递送,投递，刊登(演说)-sth.to s b.将某物交给某人 a message 传话，带信 a sp eech 刊登演说164.demand n.规定，需求in 非常需要，受欢迎meet the demand of s b.满足某人需要165.depend v i.依托，依赖(count on/depend on

33、/rely on 依托，指望)dependent ad j.依托，依赖 be on sth.dependence n.依托，依赖independent adj.独立 自 主independence n.独立，自主166.derive vt.得自，获得 sth.from.e.g.a conclusion from factsvi.来源 from.e.g.Many English words from Latin.比较：deprive v t.剥夺，使丧失 sb.of sth.167.describe v t.描写,记述，形容description n.描写，记述 beyond 168.deser

34、ve v t.应受，值得 后接动名词积极形式，表达被动意义。e.g.What he did yesterday deservers praising.(她昨天所作所为值得表扬。)类似：need repairing(=need to be repaired)169.destination n.170.detail n.详情in-详细地go into(s)，详细论述detect v t.察觉，发现，侦查detection n.察觉，发现detective n.侦探172.determine v.决定，拟定(=decide)-to do sth./be-ed to do sth.determinat

35、ion n.决定，决 心 make a-to do sth.173.devote v t.投入于，献身 oneself7one,s life to sth.献身于 sth.to sb.将献给某人 his new book to his mother174.difference n.差别，差别make a 有影响make no没有差别，没有影响175.difficulty n.困难,难点in 处在困境中 困难地，吃力地have-/trouble in doing s t h.做某人有困难176.disappoint v t.使失望 ment n.ed ingbe ed with|s t h.对感

36、到失望be-ed to do sth.很失望地去做某事177.disaster n.劫难，天灾，灾祸178.discipline n.纪律179.disgust n./vi.厌恶,反感in 厌恶地be ed对感到厌恶180.disordern.混乱in 混乱fall into 陷入i昆乱181.display v t.陈列，展览on 在展览中182.distinguish v.区别,辨别 AB 将 A 和 B 区别开(=tell from)1 8 3.d i s t i n c t a d j.，截然不同,独特be-from 与截然不同distinction n.差别，区别184.domest

37、icad j.家庭,(反：foreign)dominant186.dramatic185.dominate占优势a d j.占优势，支配ad j.戏剧性，引人注目，夸张drama n.戏剧187.drown淹死i n 埋头于188.due ad j.到期，预期due to,由于（=owing to,because of,thanks to）189.ease n.安逸，悠闲with 容易地（feel）at 感到舒服同根词：easy（容易,舒服），uneasy（不安，不舒服）,disease（疾病）190.economic ad j.经济（上），经济学economical ad j.节约，经济同根

38、词：economy,economist191.edge n.利刃,边沿on the 192.effect n.成 效 果bring into come/go into effecthave an effect onaffect v t.影响，感动effective ad j.有效，生效efficient ad j.有效率，能干193.effort n.努力make an to do sth.努力去做某事194.eliminate v t.排除，消除（=getridof,remove）195.embarrass v t.使困窘同根词：ment,e d,ing196.emerge vi.1，浮现e

39、mergency n.紧急状况，突然事件emergent ad j.紧急197.emotion n.情绪，情感emotional ad j.情绪，情感，情绪化-crisis,person198.emphasis n.强调，重点 put/lay/place great/much on 看重，着重emphasize v.199.employ v t.雇用同根词：employer（雇员）/employee（雇主）employment（就业）/unemployment（失业）200.encounter v.遭遇，遇到201.endure v.耐久，忍耐（=bear,stand,tolerate,put

40、 up with）endurance n.忍耐202.engage v t.使从事于，使参加be engaged（从事于，忙 于（=be absorbed in）203.enhance v t.提高，增 强（+value,beauty,or reputation）204.enormous a d j.巨大，庞大205.entertain vt.招待entertainment n.款待，娱乐206.enthusiasm n.热情，热心，积极性 .s t h.对有热情enthusiastic ad j.热心,热情207.environment n.环境，外界208.equivalent ad j.

41、相等，相称be to 相称于，e.g.The British Parliament is to American Congress.209.equip v t.装备，配备 be equipped with 装备，配备equipment n.装备，设备210.era n.时代，纪元 information-信息时代 a new-新纪元211.essential adj.必要，本质|l t is that 句型中从句中需要使用should型虚拟语调。212.establish v t.建立，设立213.estimate v.预计，估价 !预计达到 e.g.We estimated his inco

42、me at$9,000 a year.214.evenlually a d v.U终 于(=finaHy,at last,ultimately)215.evidence n.明显，证据evident a d j.明显，显然(=obvious)216.exact adj,精确to be-确切地217.exchange vt./n.互换，调换218.exclude v t.把 排除在外，排斥include v t.涉及，包括219.execulive a d j.-B I 执行，行政CEO=chief executive officer(首席执行官)220.exhausted ad j.疲劳，疲

43、倦(=tired,worn out)221.expense n.费用，代价 expensive adj.sat the of(=at the cost of)222.export n./v.出 口import n./v.进口223.facility n,便利，(p l.)设备 teaching facilities224.factor n.因素，要素225.fame n.名声，名望（reputation 名名声）famous a d j.知名，出名 be-f o r 因而出名226.familiar ad j.熟悉，常用be sth./sb.熟悉，精通be to s b.为某人所熟知227.f

44、ancy v t.想象 n.兴趣take a to s t h.喜欢上某物have a for sth.兴趣某物228.fashion n.流行,风尚be in 正在流行be out of 不再流行fashionable ad j.流行，时髦229.fatal ad j.致命，重大(=deadly,mortal)230.fault n.过错，缺陷find sb.挑某人错231.favor n,赞同，恩惠232.fetch v t.（去）拿来，（去）取来 a doctor去请医生比较：take带走 bring带来233.fierce adj.居烈，激烈，热烈-competition234.fig

45、ure n.外形，数字，人物-out 弄明白235.flexible ad j.灵活236.fluent ad j.流利,流畅fluency n.237.focus v.集中，聚焦 o n 集中于，聚焦于s on sth.238.fond ad j.爱慕，喜欢be o f 爱慕239.forbid v t.禁止，不许 sb.to do sth.不许某人做某事 sth.禁止某事 e.g.smoking on trains240.forgive v t.原谅，饶恕 and forget241.formal ad j.正式informal adj.非正式比较：former ad j.从前，此前242

46、.fortune n.财富,运气make a 同根词：fortunate,unfortunate,ly243.found v.建立，创立，开办(founded,founded)e.g.The CPC was founded in 1921.(find,found,found 发现)244.frank ad j.坦白，率直to be(=frankly speaking)245.frustrate v.挫败,使沮丧frustration n.ing ed246.fulfill v t.履行,实现，完毕 the task,mission,promise247.furniture n.家 具（总称）一

47、件家具：a piece of 248.gap n.缺口，裂口，差距generation 代沟249.generate v t.产生，发生250.generous ad j.慷慨，大方generosity n.251.niiis n.天才，天 赋（=talent,gift）252.genuine ad j.真，真正-leather 真皮（反：artificial ad j.人造，假）音译商标：奇 安 特（运动鞋），捷 安 特（自行车）254.|glory n.荣誉，光荣glorious ad j.光荣，显赫255.grace n.优美，雅致，优雅graceful ad j.优美256.Liaii

48、tude?n.感激，谢意s b.向表达谢意257.greedy ad j.贪吃，贪婪bes t h.对贪心258.n./vt.保证，担保，保证书259.n.守 卫 v t.保卫，看守be on 看守-against 防止260.guide n.导游，向 导 v t.指引，带领guidance n.指引，领导under the of261.guilty adj.有罪，内疚innocent ad j.清白，无罪，天真262.habit n.习惯，习性get into the of 养成习惯263.1n./vt.停止，暂停，中断come to a-I264.handle n.把手 v t.解决(=d

49、eal w ith),操作265.hardly adv.简直不，几乎不为否定副词，置于句首时，句子需要进行某些倒装。类似尚有：barely,scarcely,seldom,rarely ohardly.when.(=no sooner.than.)e.g.Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.266.n.匆忙，匆匆in-急速地，草率地欲速则不达：More haste,less speed.或 Haste makes waste.267.n.憎恨，仇恨hate v.268.health n.健康healthy ad j.健康类似：we

50、alth/wealthy269.Jcs.uue v.踌躇，踌躇to do sth.dong sth.同根词：hesitation n.hesitant adj.270.ighlighl n.最精彩、最重要某些271.H n.尊敬，敬意in o f 向表达敬意honorable ad j.荣誉，光荣ad j.敌对，敌方be t o 对有敌意273.U H ad j.卑微，谦逊e.g.Knowledge makes humble；ignorance makes proud.（知识使人谦虚，无知使人骄傲。）27 J u n io r n.幽默,诙谐humorous a d j.幽默，滑稽，诙谐275