小升初英语语法总复习—— 名词的复数形式.pdf

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1、小升初英语语法总复习名词的复数形式 名词的复数形式名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念等的词。卜,面主要介绍-卜.名词的复数规则：1.一般情况下，直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2.以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾，力 ll-es,如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-bmshes,watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i,再加 e s,如：fam i ly-fam i I ies,strawberry-strawberries4.以“f 或 fe”结尾，变 f 或 fe为v,再加-e s,如:knif

2、e-knives5.不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese随堂练习：I_we 错 him _ their this _ these her _theirwatch _watches child _ children photo _photos diary diariesday_ days

3、 foot_ feet book_books dress_dressestooth_teeth_sheep _shcep box_ boxes_strawberry _ strawberries_th ief _lhieves_yo-yo _yoyos peach_peaches sandwich _ sandwiches_man_ men_woman_women_ paper_ paper juice_ juicewater_ water milk_milk rice_ rice tea_ teawe them these their themwatches children photos

4、diariesdays feet books dressesteeth sheep boxes strawberriesthieves yo-yos peaches sandwichesmen women paper juiceX paper：一般为不可数当为报纸，文件，考卷时可作可数名词，复数为papers英语语法知识点（二）名词的不规则变化 我们经常会看到有些名词变复数时并没有遵循上述规则。这就是名词的不规则变化。还有一些名词，单复数是同个形式的。不过，我们还是可以通过一些比较，发现其中的一些奥妙。以下我将为大家讲讲名词的不规则变化。一、有些名词中保存了英语中古旧的复数形式，如：m a n

5、-m en w o m a n-w o m ent o o t h-t eet h fo o t-feetch i l d-ch i I dr en g o o s e-g ees em o u s e-m i ceo x-o x en二、有些是外来词，仍保有原来的复数形式，如：P h en o m en o n-p h en o m en a （现象）Fo r m u 1 a -f o r m u 1 a e（公式）T h es i s-t h es es （论文）B a s i s-b a s es （基础）A n a l y s i s-a n a l y s es （分析）C r i

6、t er i o n-cr i t er i a （标准）C r i s i s-cr i s es （危机）Appendix-appendices（附录）三、部分单词的复数形式不变。例：f ish-*f ish；sheep-*sheep；cattle-*cattle；deer-*deer；salmon-*salmon,means means四、compoundnouns,这类复数词是以主要的名词来表示例：daughter-in-law-*daughters-in-law 媳妇；father-in-law-*fathers-in-law 岳父man-o f-war-*men-of-war 兵舰

7、；ma id-servant-maid-servantsstep-son-*step-sons 晚子；son-in-law-*sons-in-lawo但是，也有些合成名词，特别是由man和woman构成的合成名词，里面所含的成分，全都要变为复数，如：Man-servant-men-servants,womandoctor-womendoctors 等五、有些名词经常是带着-s词尾的，但通常都作单数看待，如：Phonetics（语音学），physics（物理学）,optics（光学），politics（政治）,news（新闻）等。六、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多例：bellows 风箱;c

8、lothes；police；shorts 短裤；scissors 剪刀;spectacles 眼镜：shears 大剪刀,trousers 长裤，wages 工资，belongings 所有物，surroundings 环境，savings 储蓄，findings 调杳结果，arms武器，clothes衣服，stairs楼梯，等七、另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思例：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼,papers文件，证件,greens青菜,manners礼貌,ruins废墟，troops军队，looks外貌，times时代，等第三部分：不可数名词的计量方

9、法（D一般用“数字+of+计量单位+名词”表示，（注意：当数字大于一时、表示计量单位的名词可以有复数形式）。如:a piece of news 一 贝U新闻 a piece of meat一块肉 a glass of wine杯酒 two bowls of rice两碗米 a sum of money 一笔钱 five bags of flour 一袋面粉 a drop of water一滴水 three bottles ofmilk三瓶牛奶two pieces of advice两条建议(2)用 much/some/ali ttle/little/alotof/plentyof+不可数名词练

10、习题：1、All the people at the conference are_。a.mathematic teachers c.mathematics teacherb.mathematics teachers d.mathematic s teachers(C)2、All the_ in the hospital got a rise last monthoa.women doctors c.woman doctorsb.women doctor d.woman doctor(a)3、Are there any_on the farm?Yes,there are some。A.hors

11、e B.duck C.chicken D.sheep(D)4、They are thirsty.Will you please give them_?-CertainlyoA.some bottles of waters B.some bottles ofwaterC.some bottle of water D.some bottle of waters(B)5、Mike hurt one of his_in the accident yesterdayoA.tooth B.feet C.hand D.ear(B)6、There is some_ on the plateA.cakes B.

12、meat C.potato D.pears(B)7、The little baby has two_ already。A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth D.teeths(C)8、We need some more_.Can you go and get some,please?A.pota to B.pota tos C.pota toe s D.pota toe (C)9、P le a se re me mb e r to g ive the horse some tre e _ _。A.le a f s B.le a ve s C.le a f D.le a ve(B)1

13、0、H e g a ve us_ _ _on how to ke e p f itA.some a d vic e s B.some a d vic e C.a n a d vic e D.a a d vic e (B)1 1、P le a se pa ss me _ _ _ _A.two g la ss of wa te r B.two g la sse s of wa te rsC.two g la sse s of wa te r D.two g la ss wa te r(C)1 2、T he re a re a lot of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ d own the re

14、b ut ha rd ly a ny _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A.she e ps,pe ople B.she e p,pe ople C.she e ps,pe ople s D.she e p,pe ople s(B)1 3、T his ta b le is ma d e of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _0A.ma ny g la ss B.g la sse s C.some g la sse s D.g la ss(D)1 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c a n g e t a b e tte r vie w of the g a me tha n the pa

15、 rtic ipa ntS oA.Looke r-on B.Looke rs-on C.Looke r-ons D.Looke rs-ons(B)1 5、S ome _ _ _ _ _ _ a re f lying kite s ne a r the rive r。A.c hild B.b oy C.b oys D.c hi I d s(C)1 6、Mr.S mith a lwa ys ha s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to te ll us.A.some g ood pie c e s of ne ws B.some pie c e s of g ood ne wsC.some g

16、 ood pie c e of ne ws D.some pie c e of g ood ne ws(B)1 7、T we lve _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ we re hurt,b ut no_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _we re lost in tha t a c c id e nt。A.pe rson；lif e B.pe ople；live s C.pe ople s；live s D.pe rsons；lif e(B)1 8、I n the vie w of the f ore ig n e xpe rts,the re wa sn t_ _ _ _oil he r

17、e0A.much B.lots of C.a great deal of D.many(A)19 The police investigated those_about the accidentoA.stander-by C.standers-byB.stander-bys 1).standers-bys(B)20、Generally there are_ television programs for children on Saturday.,A.little B.much C.a large number of D.alarge amount of(C)动词的时态(一般现在时)一般现在时

18、的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1.be 动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:W e study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s 或 -es。如：Mary likes Ch

19、inese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1.b e动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don1(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesn*t often play.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+

20、其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第一:人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bi ke?-Yes,she does./No,she doesn*t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?一般现在时用法练习：一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkdrinksgogoes错 staystaysmake makeslook _ _looks_ _ _ have_has_pass_ passes_car

21、ry carries_come_ comes_ _ watchwatches_ _ plant_ _plants_ flystudy_studies_ brushbrushesdodoesteach theaches二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空1.He often _ has_(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _are_(be)in Class One.3.W e _don,t _ watch_(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _ doesn t _go(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5._d

22、o_ they _ like_(like)the World Cup?6.What _ do_they often _ do_(do)on Saturdays?7._do_your parents _ read_(read)newspapers every day?8.The girl _teaches_(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I _ take_(take)a walk together every evening.错 10.There _is_(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike_likes_(like

23、)cooking.12.They _ have_(have)the same hobby.13.M y aunt looks_(look)after her baby carefully.14.You always _do_(do)your homework well.错 15.I am _(be)i 11.19 m staying in bed.16.She goes_(go)to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao d o e s (do)not like PE.18.The child often watches_(watch)TV in th

24、e evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _ have_(have)eight lessons this term.20.What day _i s(b e)it today?It*s Saturday.题目的答案：一、写出下列动词第三人称单数drinks goes stays makeslooks has passes carriescomes watches plants fliesstudies brushes does teaches二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1、has 2、are 3、don t watch 4、doesn t go5、Dolike 6、d

25、o do 7、9、take 1 0、is 1 1、likes1 3、looks 1 4 do 1 5、am1 7、does 1 8、watches 1 9、Do-read 8、teaches1 2、have1 6、goeshave 20、is请教王鹤老师王老师，您好！孩子在做题过程中遇到一些困难，请王老师帮忙讲解一下答案，非常感谢!1._ B the class on the playground?A.Is,playing gamesB.Are,playing games(答案：B)2.Mary is in the shop with her grandmother.Shes helping

26、h e r _ D.A.go shoppingD.to do some shopping(答案：D)错 3.Id like twelve eggs.Here you are._ B all?B.ls thatC.Arethese（答案：B）4.Is that doctor over there _CA.an EnglishB.EnglishC.EnglishmanD.a English（答 案:B）5.Ill time you_B my watch.A.onB.inC.byD.to（答案：B）错 6.Grandmajet me help you.-Its really nice_ C you.

27、A.forB.toC.ofD.off（答案：Q错 7.You can_ keep the library book for two weeks.（答案：keep）错 8.Would you mind_ A the door,please?A.openingB.openC.to openD.opens（答 案:A）9.The tea in the bottle isnt nice.What about_C in the cup?A.oneB.the oneC.thatD.those（答 案:C）错 10.There isnt_ C water in the bottle.There is onl

28、y a little.A.someB.anyC.muchD.many（答案：Q11.The air today is clean.A.good andB.fresh tooC.very muchD.nice and（答案：D）12.The children got water the river nearby.（答案：from）13.1 ofen my homework after supper.But yesterday evening I anewspaper.A.do,readedB.do,readC.did,readD.did,readed（答 案:B）14.Australia is

29、quite different from England weather.A.atB.inC.forD.from（答案：B）15.Jim goes to a different school mine.A.aboutB.inC.atD.from（答案：D）16.Tell me.A.what she looksB.what she looks likeC.what she lookD.what is she（答案：B）17.Bill is mu c h（clever）than Peter.（答案：cleverer）18.Alice is looking up the little birds i

30、n the trees.A.downB.withC.atD.to（答案：A）1.考查的是“集合名词”，咱们之前寒假班总结过，主要包括两类，常考的有：peopl e,cat t l e,pol i ce单数形式表示“复数”含义，谓语动词用复数形式如：T h e pol i ce are l ooki n g for t h e t h i ef.fam i l y,cl as s,t eam,g rou p强 调“集 体 时+“单数”；强 调“成员”时+”复数”如：O u r fam i l y i s a bi g on e,t h e fam i l y h av e l u n ch t

31、og et h er ev ery day.本题中“在操场玩”，主语肯定是“学生”而不能是“班”，这里强调的是“成员”。2 .这题考查的是h el p s b.(t o)do s t h.帮助某人做某事3.T h at s al l.通常用于口语表达中，如在表达某些观点时“I t h i n k t h at.”在陈述完毕时，可以说“T h at s al l.”“就这些/我的话说完了”我们也经常会听老师说“T h at s al l for t oday.”今天就讲这么多。那 么 Is t h at al l?也就是把上面的句子变成了一般疑问句“就这些吗？”4 .这题是很基础的一道题，但是现

32、在还是有很多同学容易混淆。咱们把题目转换成陈述句比较好理解，T h at doct or ov er t h ere is.很显然，这里应该填“英国人/英国的”，可 以 是 En g l i s h,或an En g l i s h m an.5 .课本中的原句，on w at ch -计时6 .考 点:It i s +adj.+of s b.t o do s t h.强 调“人的性格特点”如:n i ce,ki n d,w arm h eart ed.It i s +adj.+for s b.t o do s t h.强 调“对某人来说做什么事怎么怎么样”如：It s eas y for u

33、 s t o l earn En g l i s h w el l.对我们来说学好英语很容易的。7 .borrow 是 个“瞬间动词”(即“借”这个动作只发生在一瞬间)，后面不能加一段时间，必须将它转换成个“延续性动词”，“借”也就是在你手里“保留”，所以用“keep”8 .m i n d+doi n g 介意做某事。只 能 接 doi n g 的动词、词组还有：s u g g es t,fi n i s h,av oi d,can，t h el p,adm i t,en j oy,requ i re,pract i ce,adv i s e,con s i der,m i s s,feel

34、l i ke.9 .这题主要考察不定代词。on e同类不同个，后接可数名词单数。如：Li l y s dr e s s i s ve r y ni c e,I w a nt t o b u y o ne.t h a t 同类不同个，一般后接不可数名词。T h e w e a t h e r i n B e i j i ng i s di f f e r e nt f r o m t h a t i n A me r i c a.1 0 .首先，否定句，且 w a t e r 不可数，A&D 排除，如果选a ny 的话，no t a ny 二no,就是“瓶子里没有水”，而后面又说“有一点儿水”，

35、前后矛盾，所以选mu c h,“瓶子里没有多少水”1 1.ni c e a ndve r y我们以前的课本里也出现过 T h e r o o m i s ni c e a nd c l e a n”房间非常干净。1 2 .从附近的河里打水，“从.得到“g e t f r o m1 3 .第一句，一般现在时，d o没有问题。第二句，一般过去时，r e a d的过去式-r e a d（注意发音/r e d/）1 4.在某处、某方面不同，用介词i n而 1 5题 中 用 到 的 是 b e di f f e r e nt f r o m,与*不同，J i m g o e s t o a di f f

36、 e r e nt s c h o o l _ _ _ _ _ _ mi ne 我们可以把它转换成:J i m,s s c h o o l i s di f f e r e nt f r o m mi ne（my s c h o o l）.1 6 .宾语从句。注意三点：引导词、时态、语序。这里主要考察的是语序宾语从句应为陈述语序。1 7 .形容词副词的比较级中，部分双音节和多音节词要在前面加mo r e,如，t i r e dmo r et i r e d,c l e v e r 咱们课上强调过了，直接加e r.1 8 .这题应该选a t.向上看*-l o o k u p a t *；向下看*

37、-l o o k do w n a t;l o o k do w n的固定搭配常见的有：l o o k u p a nd do w n,上下打量，到处寻找;l o o k do w n o n/u p o n s b.看不起某人请问王老师：第二题孩子说 do s o me s h o p p i ng=g o s h o p p i ng ,t o do s o me t h i ng=do s o me t h i ng.嗯，问的非常好。go shopping指的是“去购物”；而 do some sh叩p in g是指“买东西”。题目中为什么会给前面一句话呢，肯定是有原因的，为后面的空设定了

38、条件“Mary is in the shop with her grandmother.Mary 和她的奶奶（已经）在商店里了，Sheshelping her.她正在帮奶奶买东西（而不是正在帮她去购物）请教王老师:第五题中b y o ne，s w a c h 与 o n o ne*s w a t c h 的区别，谢谢!W h a t t i me i s i t b y y o u r w a t c h?请问你的手表现在是几点？I w i l l t i me y o u o n my w a t c h.我会用我的表计时来提醒你。o n w a t c h -计时小升初语法总结之三现在进行

39、时 1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加ing,如：cook-cooking2.以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing,如：make-making,taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾

40、的辅音字母，再加ing,如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时练习题：、写出下列动词的现在分词：play playi ng run runni ng swim_ swimming make_ makinggo_ going 错 like_ likeing wri te_ writing 错 ski_ skiing_read_ reading _have _ having sing_ singing_ _ dance_ dancing_put_ putt ing see_ seeing buy_ buying 1 ove_ loving1 ive_ living_ ta

41、ke_ taking_错 come_ coming get_ gettingstop_stopping_sit_ sitting begin_ beginning shop_ shopping二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy _is_ d r a w i n g(d r a w)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls_ are_ s i n g i n g(s i n g)in the classroom.3.My mother_ is_ cooking(cook)some nice food now.?4.What_are_you_doing_(d

42、o)now?5.Look.They_ are_ h a v i n g(h a v e)an English lesson.6.They_ aren,t_ watering_(not,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls_ are_dan ci n g(d a n c e)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She_ is_ listening_(listen)to music.9.It s 5o clock now.We_ are_h a v i n g(h a v e)supper n

43、ow.10.Is_ Helen_w a s h i n g(w a s h)c l o t h e s?Yes,she is.三、句型转换：1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_Are they_doing_ housework_?_They_ aren*t_ doing_ housework._2.The students are cleaning the classroom.(改般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)Are the_students_cleaning the classroom?Yes.They are._No.They_arenr t

44、错 3.I m playing Ihe football in the playground.(对划线部分进行提问)What are YOU do in the pl ayground?4.Tom is reading books in his study.(对划线部分进行提问)_ Where_is_Tom_reading_books?答案如下：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：p l a y i n g r u n n i n g s w i m m i n g m a k i n gg o i n g l i k i n g w r i t i n g s k i i n gr e a d i

45、n g h a v i n g s i n g i n g d a n c i n gp u t t i n g s e e i n g b u y i n g l o v i n gl i v i n g t a k i n g c o m i n g g e t t i n gs t o p p i n g s i t t i n g b e g i n n i n g s h o p p i n g二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1、i s d r a w i n g2 a r e s i n g i n g3、i s c o o k i n g4、a r e.d o i n g5 a

46、r e h a v i n g6、a r e n*t w a t e r i n g7、a r e d a n c i n g8 i s l i s t e n i n g9、h a v i n g1 0、I s.w a s h i n g三、句型转换：1、A r e t h e y d o i n g h o u s e w o r k?T h e y a r e n t d o i n g h o u s e w o r k.2、A r e t h e s t u d e n t s c l e a n i n g t h e c l a s s r o o m?Y e s,t h e y

47、 a r e.N o,t h e y a r e n t.3、W h a t a r e y o u d o i n g i n t h e p l a y g r o u d?4、W h e r e i s T o m r e a d i n g b o o k s?小升初语法总结之四-般将来时态时间：2 0 1 0年0 3月2 3日 作者：.来 源：学而思英语网一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中般有以下时间状语:t o m o r r o w,n e xt d a y (w e e k,m o n t h,y e a r*),s o o n,t h e

48、d a y a ft e rt o m o r r o w (后天)等。二、基本结构：b e g o i n g t o+d o；w i l l+d o.三、否定句:在b e动 词(a m,i s,a r e)1后加n o t或情态动词w i l l后加n o t成w o n t。例如：I*m g o i n g t o h a v e a p i c n i c t h i s a ft e r n o o n,f I m n o t g o i n g t o h a v e a p i c n i c t h i sa ft e r n o o n.四、一般疑问句：b e或w i l l

49、提到句首，s o m e改为a n y,a n d改为o r,第一二人称互换。例如：W e a r e g o i n g t o g o o n a n o u t i n g t h i s w e e k e n d.f A r e y o u g o i n g t o g o o n a n o u t i n gt h i s w e e k e n d?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。W h o 例如：I m g o i n g t o N e w Y o r k s o o n.-W h o,s g o i n g t o N e w

50、Y o r k s o o n.2.问干彳十么。W h a t d o.例如：M y fa t h e r i s g o i n g t o w a t c h a r a c e w i t h m e t h i s a ft e r n o o n.-*W h a ti s y o u r fa t h e r g o i n g t o d o w i t h y o u t h i s a ft e r n o o n.3.问什么时候。W h e n.例如：S h e s g o i n g t o g o t o b e d a t n i n e.W h e n i s s h