2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国甲卷英语试题（解析版）.pdf

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1、2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段

2、对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。1.What does the man want to do?A.Have breakfast.B.Take a walk.C.Call his office.2.What was George doing last night?A.Having a meeting.B.Flying home.C.Working on a project.3.Why does the man suggest going to the

3、park?A.Its big.B.Its quiet.C.Its new.4.How does the woman sound?A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.5.Where is the mans table?A.Near the door.B.By the window.C.In the comer.第二节（共 15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读

4、两遍。听第6 段材料，回答第6、7题。6 What are the speakers going to do tonight?A.Eat out.B.Go shopping.C.Do sports.7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Boss and secretary.B.Hostess and guest.C.Husband and wife.听第7 段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?A.Their bus

5、iness is slow.B.The weather is favorable.C.Its easy to hire people.9.How will they handle the moving?A.Finish it all at once.B.Have the sales section go first.C.Do one department at atime.听第8 段材料，回答第10至 12题。10.What did Peter learn from his grandfather?A.How to appreciate art works.B.How to deal with

6、 artists.C.How to run a museum.11.What did Peter do in Chicago?A.He studied at a college.B.He served in the army.C.He worked in a gallery.12.Whose works did Peter like best?A.Rembrandts.B.Botticellis.C.Rubens,.听第9 段材料，回答第13至 16题。13.Where does the conversation take place?A.At a library.B.In a law fir

7、m.C.On a train.14.By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?A.March.B.August.C.October.15.Why did John quit his part-time job?A.He had to catch up with his study.B.He was offered a better one.C.He got tired ofit.16.What is Susans attitude to Johns problem?A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgi

8、ving.听第10段材料，回答第17至 20题。17.What did the speaker do before the year 2012?A.A fitness coach.B.A chess player.C.A marathon runner.18.Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?A.He was motivated by Bolt.B.He broke a world record.C.He won fifth place.19.Which is the hardest for the speaker?A.Ge

9、tting over an injury.B.Doing strength training.C.Representing Botswana.20.What is the speaker mainly talking about?A.His plan to go for the gold.B.His experience on the track.C.His love for his home country.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共 15小题：每小题2 分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheatres and

10、EntertainmentSt Davids HallSt Davids Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the veryheart of CardifTs entertainment centre.With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall,St DavidsHall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff.It presents live entertainment,including pop,roc

11、k,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,world music,films and classical music.The Hayes,Cardiff CF10 1AHwww.stdavidshallcardiff.co.ukThe Glee ClubEvery weekend this is“Wales“premier comedy club where having a great time is the orderfor both audiences and comedy stars alike.It is hard to name a comedy star who ha

12、snt been onthe stage here.If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music,you shouldstart here.Mermaid Quay,Cardiff Bay,Cardiff CF10 5BZwww.glee.co.uk/cardiffSherman CymruSherman Cymrus theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012.Thisspecial building is

13、 a place in which theatre is made and where children,artists,writers and anyoneelse have the opportunity（机会）to do creative things.Sherman Cymru is excited to present apacked programme of the very best theatre,dance,family shows and music from Wales and therest of the world.Senghennydd Road,Cardiff C

14、F24 4YEwww.shermancymru.co.ukNew TheatreThe New Theatre has been the home of quality drama,musicals,dance and childrens showsfor more than 100 years.Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UKstouring shows,the New Theatre is Cardiffs oldest surviving traditional theatre.Be sur

15、e to pay avisit as part of your stay in the city.Park Place,Cardiff CF10 3LNwww.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk1.Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted?A.At the New Theatre.C.At Sherman Cymru.2.What can people do at the Glee Club?A.Watch musicals.C.See family shows.B.At the Glee Club.D.At St Davids Hall.B.

16、Enjoy comedies.D.Do creative things.3.Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiffs oldest surviving theatre?A.www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk B.www.shermancymru.co.ukC.www.glee.co.uk/cardiff【答案】l.D 2.B 3.AD.www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章

17、“St Davids Hall”部分中的“St Davids Hall is home to the annualWelsh Proms Cardiff（St Davids Hall 是 Cardiff一年一度的 Welsh Proms 的举办地）”可知，Cardiff 的 Welsh Proms 活动在 St Davids Hall 举办。故选 D。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“The Glee Club”部分中的“If you are looking for the best comedieson tour and brilliant live music,you should st

18、art here（如果你正在寻找巡演中最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应该从这里开始）”可知，人们可以在The Glee Club享受喜剧。故选Bo【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“New Theatre”部分中的“The New Theatre has been the home ofquality drama,musicians,dance and childrens shows for more than 100 years（100 多年来，NewTheatre一直是优质戏剧、音乐家、舞蹈和儿童节目的发源地）”以及其下面的网站u www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk可知

19、，可以在 www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk 网站找至lj Cardiff存在最久的剧院。故选A。BGoffins cockatoos,a kind of small parrot native to Australasia,have been shown to havesimilar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.Though not known to use tools in thewild,the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept

20、in the cage.In a recent experiment,cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it.The clear front of the box had a“keyhole“in a geometric shape,and the birds were given five differently shaped keys to choosefrom.Inserting the correct key would let out the nut.In humans,babies can put a rou

21、nd shape in a round hole from around one year of age,but itwill be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical（对称的）shapes.This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fitis called an alloccntric frame of reference,In

22、the experiment,Goffins cockatoos were able toselect the right tool fbr the job,in most cases,by visual recognition alone.Where trial-and-errorwas used,the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests.This indicates that Goffinscockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when

23、moving objects in space,similar to two-year-old babies.The next step,according to the researchers,is to try and work out whether the cockatoos relyentirely on visual clues（线索）,or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.4.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experi

24、ment?A.By following instructions.B.By using a tool.CBy turning the box around.D.By removing the lid.5Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?Using a key to unlock a door.Putting a ball into a round hole.AB.Telling parrots from other birds.CD.Grouping toys of dif

25、ferent shapes.6What does the fbllow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?ACHow far they are able to see.Whether they are smarter than monkeys.B.How they track moving objects.D.Whether they use a sense of touch inthe test.7.Which can be a suitable title for the text?A.Cockatoos:Quick Error Che

26、ckersC.Cockatoos:Clever Signal-ReadersB.Cockatoos:Independent LearnersD.Cockatoos:Skilful Shape-Sorters【答案】4.B 5.C 6.D 7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Though not known to use tools in the wild,the birds haveproved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.（虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会

27、使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具）”以 及 the birds were given fivedifferently shaped keys to choose from.Inserting,the correct ttkeys would let out the nut.（研究人员给了这些鸟5 把形状各异的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入，正确的“钥匙”会让坚果出来）”可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。【5 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In humans,babies can put a round shape in a round

28、hole fromaround one year of age（在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里）”结合选项，可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。【6 题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最后一段The next step,according to the researchers,is to try andwork out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues,or also use a sense of touch inmaking their shape sele

29、ctions.（根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状）”可推知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。【7 题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“Coffins cockatoos,a kind of small parrot nativeto Australasia,have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-0k1.（科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类

30、相似）”可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。D 项“Cockatoos:Skilful Shape-Sorters（凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工）”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D。CAs Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica,she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoopenguins（企鹅）longing to say hello.These gentle,lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a

31、trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood Ginni,now 71,has had a deep love for travel.Throughout hercareer（职业）as a professional dancer,she toured in the UK,but always longed to explore further.When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,she decided it was time to

32、take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts,Ginni began to travel theworld,eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.And it was in Chile shediscovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands offTierra de

33、l Fuego,the southernmost tip of the South American mainland.I just decided I wantedto go,“she says.I had no idea about what Fd find there and I wasnt nervous,I just wanted to doit.And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008,Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers shed n

34、ever met before,to begin thejourney towards Antarctica.From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises,the wholeexperience was amazing.Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,“Ginni says.“I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale;it just rose out of the water like somepreh

35、istoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us.You could still hear the operatic sounds itwas making underwater.”The realization that this is a precious land,to be respected by humans,was one of the biggestthings that hit home to Ginni.8.Which of the following best explains“take the plunge“unde

36、rlined in paragraph 2?10.What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?A.Try challenging things.B.Take a degree.C.Bring back lost memories.D.Stick to a promise.9.What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?A.Lovely penguins.B.Beautiful scenery.C.A discount fare.D.A friend invitation.

37、A.It could be a home for her.C.It should be well preserved.11.What is the text mainly about?A.A childhood dream.C.Sailing around the world.【答案】8.A 9.C 10.C 11.B【解析】B.It should be easily accessible.D.It needs to be fully introduced.B.An unforgettable experience.D.Meeting animals in Antarctica.【导语】本文是

38、一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 71岁的Ginni Balimon从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。【8 题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前文uThroughout her career（职业）as a professional dancer,she toured in the UK,but always longed to explore further.（在她的职业舞蹈演员生涯中,她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索）和 When she retired from dancing and her son

39、seventually flew the nest（当她不再跳舞，她的儿子们最终独立生活）”可知，Ginni在退休和儿子们成家立业之后，她决定尝试有挑战性的事情。由此推知，划线词组take the plunge与 try challenging things“尝试有挑战性的事情”意思接近。故选A。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 中 的 And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minutecheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tiera

40、del Fuego.（正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票）”可知，是折扣的票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段The realization that this is a precious land,to be respected byhumans,was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.（意识至这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一）”可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。【11题

41、详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了 GinniBalinton去南极旅行的经历，再根据第一段“These gentle lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginniwould never forget.（这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不会忘记的旅行）”和倒数第二段Ginni Balinton对南极之旅的评价可知，文章主要介绍了 GinniBalinton去南极洲之旅让她非常难忘。由此可知，An unforgettable experience.（一次

42、难忘的经历）能够概括文章主旨。故选B。DSometime in the early 1960s,a significant thing happened in Sydney,Australia.The citydiscovered its harbor.Then,one after another,Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sortof there broad parks,superb beaches,and a culturally diverse population.But it is the harborthat m

43、akes the city.Andrew Reynolds,a cheerful fellow in his early 30s,pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living.Ispent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor.After our third run Andrewshut down the engine,and we went our separate ways he for a lunch break,I to explore the city.“FH miss

44、these old boats,“he said as we parted.“How do you mean?I asked.“Oh,theyre replacing them with catamarans.Catamarans are faster,but theyre not soelegant,and theyre not fiin to pilot.But thats progress,I guess.Everywhere in Sydney these days,change and progress are the watchwords（口 号），andtraditions ar

45、e increasingly rare.Shirley Fitzgerald,the citys official historian,told me that in itsrush to modernity in the 1970s,Sydney swept aside much of its past,including many of its finestbuildings.Sydney is confused about itself/she said.We cant seem to make up our mindswhether we want a modem city or a

46、traditional one.Its a conflict that we arent getting any betterat resolving（解决）On the other hand,being young and old at the same time has its attractions.I considered thiswhen I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.t4Many people say that we lackculture in this country,9,he told me.What p

47、eople forget is that the Italians,when they came toAustralia,brought 2000 years of their culture,the Greeks some 3000 years,and the Chinese morestill.Weve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a youngcountry.Its a pretty hard combination to beat.He is right,but

48、I cant help wishing they would keep those old ferries.12.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.Sydneys striking architecture.B.The cultural diversity of Sydney.C.The key to Sydneys development.1960s.13.What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?A.He goes to work by boat.C.He pilots catamarans well

49、.14.What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?A.It is losing its traditions.C.It should expand its population.D.Sydneys tourist attractions in theB.He looks forward to a new life.D.He is attached to the old ferries.B.It should speed up its progress.D.It is becoming more international.15.Which sta

50、tement will the author probably agree with?A.A city can be young and old at the same time.B.A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.C.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.D.Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.【答案】12.C 13.D 14.A 15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文