C++STL范例大全教程.pdf

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1、Sample of STLSTL范 例()容器部分Vec to r-1Deque-20Li st-38Set-66Mul ti set-88Map-98Mul ti m ap-113Stac k-136Queue-138Pri o ri tyqueue-139VectorconstructorsSincludeSincludeSincludeincludeusing namespace std;int main()string str=Alex，“John,Robert;/empty vector objectvector vl;/creates vector with 10vector v2

2、(10);/creates vector with 10/and assign value 0 forvector v3(10,0);empty elementselements,each/creates vector and assigns/values from string arrayvector v4(str+0,str+3);vector:iterator sit=v4.begin();while(sit!=v4.end()cout *slt+；cout endl;/copy constructorvector v5(v4);for(int i=0;i3;i+)cout v5i ；c

3、out endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/Alex John Robert/Alex John Robertassignincludettincludettincludettincludeusing namespace std;i n t m ai n ()(i n t ary =l,2,3,4,5;vec to r v;/assi g n to th e th e c o n tai n s o fv.assi g n(ary,ary+5);c o py(v.beg i n (),v.en d(),o stream _ i terato r(c o ut,z，)；c o ut en

4、 dl;/repl ac e v fo r 3 c o pi es o f 100v.assi g n(3,100);c o py(v.beg i n (),v.en d(),o stream _ i terato r(c o u t,)；c o ut en dl;return 0;)OUTPUT:/1 2 3 4 5/100 100 100attti n c l ude tti n c l ude usi n g n am espac e std;i n t m ai n ()(vec to r v(3,0);v 0=100;v.at(1)=200;fo r(i n t i=0;i 3;i+

5、)c o ut v.at(i)c o ut en dl;return 0;OUTPUT:/100 200 0bac ktti n c l ude Si n c l ude Sinclude Sinclude using namespace std;templateclass Member(public:Member(T t,D d):name(t),sal(d)void print();private:T name;D sa l;)；templatevoid Member:print()(cout name sal endl;=int main()(typedef Member M;vecto

6、r v;v.push_back(M(Robert”,60000);v.push back(M (z，Linda，z,75000);vector:iterator It=v.begin();cout ”Entire vector/endl;while(It!=v.end()(It+)-print();cout endl;cout ”Return from back()endl;v.back().print();return 0;O UTPUT:/EntireRobertLindaReturnLindavector:6000075000from back()75000beginSinclude S

7、include ttinclude Sinclude using namespace std;int main()(vector v(5);iota(v.begin(),v.end(),1);vector:iterator It=v.begin();while(It!=v.end()cout *It+；cout endl;/third element of the vectorIt=v.begin()+2;cout *It endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/1 2 3 4 5/3capacityinclude#include using namespace std;int main(

8、)(vector v(1 0);cout ”Size of v 二 v.size()endl;cout ”Capacity of v=v.capacity()endl;v.resize(1 00);cout ”After resizing:endl;cout ”Size of v=z/v.size()endl;cout ”Capacity of v=v.capacity()endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/Si ze o f v=10/Capac i ty o f v=10/A fter resi zi n g:/Si ze o f v=100/Capac i ty o f v=10

9、0c l eari n c l ude#i n c l ude Si n c l ude usi n g n am espac e std;tem pl ate c l ass Pri n t(publ i c:vo i d o perato r()(T&t)(c o ut t ；);=i n t m ai n ()(vec to r v(10);Pri n t pri n t;fi l l (v.beg i n(),v.en d(),5);c o ut ”Vec to r v:；fo r_ eac h (v.beg i n (),v.en d(),pri n t);c o ut en dl;

10、c o ut ”Si ze o f v=，z v.si ze()en dl;c o ut v.c l ear”en dl;v.c l ear 0 ;c o ut ”Vec to r v:；fo r_ eac h (v.beg i n (),v.en d(),pri n t);c o ut en dl;c o ut ”Si ze o f v=v.si zeO en dl;c o ut ”Vec to r v i s ；v.em pty()?c o ut :c o ut n o tcout ”empty”endl;return 0;)/Vector v:5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5/Si

11、ze of v=10/v.clear/Vector v:/Size of v=0/Vector v is emptyemptySinclude Sinclude using namespace std;int main()vector v;cout ”Vector is；v.empty 0?cout :cout notcout ”empty”endl;v.push back(lOO);cout ”Vector is；v.empty()?cout :cout notcout ”empty”endl;return 0;)/Vector is empty/Vector is not emptyend

12、Sinclude Sinclude Sinclude include using namespace std;int main()vector v(5);iota(v.begin(),v.end(),1);vector:iterator It=v.begin();while(It!=v.en d()cout *It+；cout endl;/last element of the vectorIt=v.end()-1;cout *It endl;return 0;)OUTPUT:/1 2 3 4 5/5eraseSinclude#includettincludeWincludeusing nam

13、espace std;int main()(vector v(10);vector:iterator It;for(int i=0;i10;i+)vi=i+1;copy(v.begin(),v.end(),ostream _iterator(cout,)；cout endl;It=v.begin()+2;/remove third elementv.erase(It);copy(v.begin(),v.end(),ostream_iterator(c o u t,)；cout endl;It=v.begin0;/remove 2 elements from beginning fo vv.er

14、ase(It,It+2);copy(v.begin(),v.end(),ostream_iterator(cout,z，)；cout endl;return 0;O UTPUT:/1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10/1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10/4 5 6 7 8 9 10frontttinclude Sinclude Sinclude#include using namespace std;templateclass Memberpublic:Member(T t,D d):name(t),sal(d)void print();private:T name;D sa l;);t

15、emplatevoid Member:print()(cout name sal endl;)=int main()(typedef Member M;vector v;v.push back(M(，zLindaz，,75000);v.push_back(M(Robert”,60000);vector:iterator It=v.begin();cout ”Entire vector:“endl;while(It!=v.end()(It+)-print();cout endl;cout ”Return from front()，z endl;v.front().print();return 0

16、;OUTPUT:/En ti re vec to r:/Li n da75000/Ro bert60000/Return fro m fro n t()/Li n da75000i n sert#i n c l ude Si n c l ude Si n c l ude Si n c l ude usi n g n am espac e std;tem pl ate c l ass Pri n tpubl i c:vo i d o perato r()(T&t)(c o ut t ；);=i n t m ai n ()(i n t ary 5;fi l l (ary,ary+5,1);vec

17、to r v;vec to r:i terato r It;Pri n t pri n t;c o py(ary,ary+5,bac ki n serter(v);c o ut ”vec to r v:；fo r_ eac h (v.beg i n (),v.en d(),pri n t);c o ut en dl;It=v.beg i n ();/i n sert val ue 5 at th e po si ti o nc o ut ，zv.i n sert(It,5):；v.i n sert(It,5);fo r_ eac h (v.beg i n (),v.en d(),pri n t

18、);c o ut en dl;/i n sert ran g e ary+2-ary+5 at th e po si ti o nIt=v.beg i n ()+5;c o ut z，v.i n sert(It,ary+2,ary+5:；v.i n sert(It,ary+2,ary+5);fo r_ eac h (v.beg i n (),v.en d(),pri n t);c o ut en dl;/i n sert 2 val ue o f 20 at th e po si ti o nIt=v.en d()-2;c o ut ，zv.i n sert(It,2,20):v.i n se

19、rt(It,2,20);fo r_ eac h (v.beg i n (),v.en d(),pri n t);c o ut en dl;return 0;)OUTPUT:/vec to r v/v.i n sert(It,5)/v.i n sert(It,ary+2,ary+5/v.i n sert(It,2,20)1 1 1 1 15 1 1 1 1 15 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 1 1 1 1 1 1 20 20 1 1m ax_ si zetti n c l ude Si n c l ude usi n g n am espac e std;i n t m ai n ()ve

20、c to r v(10);c o ut ”Si ze o f v v.si ze()en dl;c o ut Max_ si ze o f v 二 v.m ax_ si ze 0 en dl;return 0;)OUTPUT:/Si ze o f v=10/Max_ si ze o f v=1073741823po p_ bac kSi n c l ude Sinclude Sinclude using namespace std;template class Print(public:void operator()(T&t)cout t ；);/=int main()vector v;Pri

21、nt print;for(int i=0;i5;i+)v.push_back(i+l);while(!v.empty()(for_each(v.begin(),v.end(),p rin t);cout endl;v.pop_back();return 0;OUTPUT:/1 2 3 4 5/1 2 3 4/1 2 3/1 2/1push_backSincludeSincludeincludettincludeusing namespace std;template class Namepublic:Name(T t):name(t)void print()(cout name ;)priva

22、te:T name;=int main()(typedef Name N;typedef vector V;V v;N nl(Robert);N n2(Alex);v.push_back(nl);v.push_back(n2);/unnamed object of the type Namev.push_back(NC，Linda，/);V:iterator It=v.begin0;while(It!=v.end()(It+)-print();cout endl;return 0;)O UTPUT:/Robert Alex Lindarbegin and rend#include ttincl

23、ude Sinclude Sinclude Sinclude ttinclude using namespace std;class IDfri en d bo o l o perato r (c o n st ID&,c o n st ID&);publ i c:ID(stri n g n am e,i n t sc o re):n am e(n am e),sc o re(sc o re)vo i d di spl ay()(c o ut.setf(i o s:l eft);c o ut setw(3)sc o re n am e en dl;)pri vate:stri n g n am

24、 e;i n t sc o re;);/-/c o m perati o n fun c ti o n fo r so rti n gbo o l o perato r (c o n st ID&a,c o n st ID&b)(return a.sc o re b.sc o re;/-typedef vec to r Vec to r;/n ew n am e fo r exi sti n g datatypei n t m ai n ()(Vec to r v;Vec to r:i terato r Iter;v.push _ bac k(ID(Sm i th A，96);v.push _

25、 bac k(ID(z，A m stro n g B.,91);v.push _ bac k(ID(Z/Watso n D.，82);fo r(Iter=v.beg i n();Iter!=v.en d();Iter+)Iter-di spl ay();so rt(v.beg i n(),v.en d0);/so rt al g o ri th mc o ut en dl ”So rted by Sc o re”en dl;c o ut /，=/di spl ay();c o ut en dl ”Reverse o utput”en dl;c o ut =en dl;Vec to r:reve

26、rse_ i terato r r=v.rbeg i n O;wh i l e(r!=v.ren d()c o ut redi spl ay();c o ut en dl;return 0;OUTPUT:/96 Sm i th A./91 A m stro n g B./82 Watso n D./So rted by Sc o re/=/82 Watso n D./91 A m stro n g B./96 Sm i th A./Reverse o utput/=/96 Sm i th A./91 A m stro n g B./82 Watso n D.reserveSi n c l ud

27、e Si n c l ude usi n g n am espac e std;i n t m ai n ()(vec to r v(5,0);/5 el em en ts,eac h -val ue 0/*-*/c o ut Si ze o f v=v.si ze()en dl;c o ut ”Capac i ty v=v.c apac i ty()en dl;c o ut Val ue o f eac h el em en t i s-；fo r(i n t i =0;i v.si ze();i+)c o ut v i ；c o ut en dl;v 0=5;/n ew val ue fo

28、 r fi rst el em en tv l =8;v.push _ bac k(3);/c reates n ew(6th)el em en t o f vec to r,v.push _ bac k(7);/auto m ati c al l y i n c reases si zec o ut en dl;/c apac i ty o f vec to r vc o ut ”Si ze o f v=v.si ze()en dl;c o ut ”Capac i ty v=X v.c apac i ty()en dl;c o ut ”Val ue o f eac h el em en t

29、i s-；fo r(i n t i =0;i v.si ze();i+)cout vi ；cout endl endl;v.reserve(100);/increase capacity to 100cout ”Size of vl_int=v.size 0 endl;cout ”Capacity vl_int=v.capacity()endl;int size=sizeof(v);/how big is vector itselfcout ”sizeof v=size endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/Size of v=5/Capacity v=5/Value of each e

30、lement is-0 0 0 0 0/Size of v=7/Capacity v=10/Value of each element is-5800037/Size of v=7/Capacity v=100/sizeof v=12resizeSinclude#include Sinclude Sinclude using namespace std;int main()(vector v(5);for(int i=0;i5;i+)vi=i*2;copy(v.begin(),v.end(),ostream_iterator(cout,z，)；cout endl;v.resize(7,100)

31、;copy(v.begin(),v.end(),ostream_iterator(cout,/z)；cout endl;v.resize(4);copy(v.begin(),v.end(),ostream_iterator(c o u t,)；cout endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/0 2 4 6 8/0 2 4 6 8 100 100/0 2 4 6sizeSinclude Sinclude#include ttinclude using namespace std;template class Print(public:void operator()(T&t)(cout t

32、；);=int main()(vector v(5);Print print;cout ”Size of v=zz v.size()endl;fill(v.begin(),v.end。，*);for_each(v.begin(),v.end(),print);cout endl;for(int i=0;i v.size();i+)cout vicout endl;for(int i=0;i5;i+)c o ut ”Si ze o f v 二；fo r_ eac h(v.beg i n(),v.en d(),pri n t);c o ut en dl;v.po p bac k();return

33、0;)OUTPUT:/Si ze o f v=*/Si ze o f v=/Si ze o f v=/Si ze o f v=/Si ze o f v=/Si ze o f v=5*swapWi n c l ude Si n c l ude Si n c l ude usi n g n am espac e std;tem pl ate c l ass Pri n t(publ i c:vo i d o perato r()(T&t)(c o ut t ；);=i n t m ai n ()(i n t ary =1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10;Pri n t pri n t;vec

34、 to r vl (ary,ary+7);vec to r v2(ary+7,ary+10);c o ut ”Vec to r vl :；fo r_ eac h (vl.beg i n (),vl.en d(),pri n t);c o ut en dl;cout ”Size of vl=vl.size()endl endl;cout ”Vector v2:；for_each(v2.begin(),v2.end(),print);cout endl;cout ”Size of v2=v2.size()endl endl;vl.swap(v2);cout ”After swapping/endl

35、;cout ”Vector vl:；for_each(vl.begin(),vl.end(),print);cout endl;cout Size of vl=vl.size()endl endl;cout ”Vector v2:；for_each(v2.begin(),v2.end(),print);cout endl;cout ”Size of v2=v2.size()endl endl;return 0;)OUTPUT:/Vector vl:1 2 3 4 5 6 7/Size of vl=7/Vector v2:8 9 10/Size of v2=3/After swapping:/V

36、ector vl:8 9 10/Size of vl=3/Vector v2:1 2 3 4 5 6 7/Size of v2=7Dequeconstructorsttinclude ttinclude Sinclude include using namespace std;int main()string s tr=Alex，“John,Robert;/empty deque objectdeque d l;/creates deque with 10 empty elementsdeque d2(10);/creates deque with 10 elements,/and assig

37、n value 0 for eachdeque d3(10,0);/creates deque and assigns/values from string arraydeque d4(str+0,str+3);deque:iterator sit=d4.begin();while(sit!=d4.en d()cout *slt+；cout endl;/copy constructordeque d5(d4);for(int i=0;i3;i+)cout d5i ；cout endl;return 0;)OUTPUT:/Alex John Robert/Alex John Robertassi

38、gnSinclude Sinclude Sinclude ttinclude using namespace std;int main()(int ary=l,2,3,4,5);deque d;/assign to the the contains ofd.assign(ary,ary+5);copy(d.begin(),d.end(),ostream_iterator(cout,);cout endl;/replace d for 3 copies of 100d.assign(3,100);copy(d.begin(),d.end(),ostream_iterator(c o u t,)；

39、cout endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/1 2 3 4 5/100 100 100at#include ttinclude using namespace std;int main()(deque d(3,0);d0=100;d.at(1)=200;for(int i=0;i3;i+)cout d.at(i)cout endl;return 0;O UTPUT:100 200 0backSinclude Sinclude#include Sinclude using namespace std;templateclass Member(public:Member(T t,D d)

40、:name(t),sal(d)void print();private:T name;D sal;);templatevoid Member:p rin t()(cout name sal endl;)/=int main()(typedef Member M;deque d;d.push_back(M(Robert”,60000);d.push back(M (z，Linda，z,75000);deque:iterator It=d.begin();cout ”Entire deque:print();cout endl;cout ”Return from back()zz endl;d.b

41、ack().print();return 0;OUTPUT:/Entire deque:/Robert 60000/Linda 75000/Return from back()/Linda 75000beginSinclude Sinclude Sinclude Sinclude using namespace std;int main()(deque d(5);iota(d.begin(),d.end(),1);deque:iterator It=d.begin();while(It!=d.end()cout *It+；cout endl;/third element of the dequ

42、eIt=d.begin()+2;cout *It endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/1 2 3 4 5/3clearttinclude ttinclude ttinclude using namespace std;tem pl ate c l ass Pri n t(publ i c:vo i d o perato r()(T&t)(c o ut t ；);=i n t m ai n ()(deque d(10);Pri n t pri n t;fi l l (d.beg i n(),d.en d(),5);c o ut ”Deque d:；fo r_ eac h (d.beg i

43、 n (),d.en d(),pri n t);c o ut en dl;c o ut ”Si ze o f d=zz d.si ze()en dl;c o ut d.c l ear”en dl;d.c l ear 0 ;c o ut ”Deque d:；fo r_ eac h (d.beg i n (),d.en d(),pri n t);c o ut en dl;c o ut ”Si ze o f d=d.si ze()en dl;c o ut ”Deque d i s ；d.em pty()?c o ut :c o ut n o tc o ut ”em pty”en dl;return

44、0;)/Deque d:5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5/Si ze o f d=10/d.c l ear/Deque d:/Si ze o f d=0/Deque d i s em ptyem ptySi n c l ude Sinclude using namespace std;int main()(deque d;cout ”Deque is；d.empty()?cout :cout notcout ”empty”endl;d.push_back(100);cout ”Deque is；d.empty()?cout :cout notcout ”empty”endl;return

45、 0;/Deque is empty/Deque is not emptyendSincludeSincludettincludettincludeusing namespace std;int main()(deque d(5);iota(d.begin(),d.end(),1)；deque:iterator It=d.begin();while(It!=d.en d()cout *It+；cout endl;/last element of the dequeIt=d.end()-1;cout *It endl;return 0;)OUTPUT:/1 2 3 4 5/5eraseSincl

46、ude#include ttinclude Sinclude using namespace std;int main()(deque d(10);deque:iterator I t;for(int i=0;i10;i+)di=i+1;copy(d.begin(),d.end(),ostream _iterator(cout,)；cout endl;It=d.begin()+2;/remove third elementd.erase(It);copy(d.begin(),d.end(),ostream_iterator(c o u t,)；cout endl;It=d.begin0;/re

47、move 2 elements from beginning fo dd.erase(It,It+2);copy(d.begin(),d.end(),ostream_iterator(cout,/z)；cout endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/1 2 3 4/1 2 4 5/4 5 6 75 6 7 8 9 106 7 8 9 108 9 10frontSinclude include ttinclude ttinclude using namespace std;templateclass Memberpublic:Member(T t,D d):name(t),sal(d)vo

48、id print();private:T name;D s a l;);tem platevoid Member:p rin t()(cout name sal endl;/=int main()(typedef Member M;deque d;d.push_back(M(Linda”,75000);d.push_back(M(z，Robert，/,60000);deque:ite ra to r It=d.begin();cout ”Entire deque:print();cout endl;cout ”Return from front()z，endl;d.front().print(

49、);return 0;OUTPUT:/Entire/Linda/Robert/Return/Lindadeque:7500060000from front()75000in sertSinclude Sinclude#include ttinclude using namespace std;template class Printpublic:void operator()(T&t)(cout t ；);/=int main()(int ary5;fill(ary,ary+5,1);deque d;deque:iterator It;Print print;copy(ary,ary+5,ba

50、ck_inserter(d);cout ”deque d:；for_each(d.begin(),d.end(),print);cout endl;It=d.begin();/insert value at the position Itcout ，zd.insert(It,5):；d.insert(It,5);for_each(d.begin(),d.end(),print);cout endl;/insert range ary+2-ary+5 at the positionIt=d.begin()+5;cout ，zd.insert(It,ary+2,ary+5:；d.insert(It